在城市化快速发展的背景下,城市排水系统面临着极端天气引发的洪涝、水资源供需矛盾和水环境污染等前所未有的挑战。数字孪生技术,作为一种融合了物联网、大数据、人工智能等前沿技术的创新手段,通过构建物理实体的精确数字副本,为城市水安全保障提供了全新的视角和解决方案。本文概述了数字孪生技术在城市排水系统中的多方面应用进展,分析了其在防洪减灾、水资源管理、水生态保护及水利工程智能化等方面的实际应用现状,并重点探讨了实时监测、模拟仿真、预测预警和决策支持等关键技术如何提升排水系统的效率和应对能力。最后,文章对未来发展趋势进行了展望,强调了技术创新、跨学科合作和政策支持对未来数字孪生技术发展的重要性。随着技术的不断进步,数字孪生技术将在城市排水系统中扮演更加关键的角色,提供更高效、智能的水安全保障解决方案。Against the backdrop of urbanization, urban drainage systems are facing unprecedented challenges such as flooding, contradictions in water supply and demand, water environmental pollution, and so on. Digital twin technology, as an innovative approach which integrates cutting-edge technologies like Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence, provides a new perspective and solution for urban water safety by constructing an exact digital replica of physical entities. In this paper, the advances of digital twin technology in urban drainage systems were discussed. Especially the actual applications in flooding disaster early warning, water resource management, water ecological protection, and the intelligent management of water conservancy projects were analysized. This paper also focused on how key technologies such as real-time monitoring, simulation, predictive warning, and decision support can enhance the efficiency and response capabilities of drainage systems. Finally, the article looks forward to future development trends, emphasizing the importance of technological innovation, interdisciplinary cooperation, and policy support for the future development of digital twin technology. With continuous technological advancements, digital twin technology will play a more critical role in urban drainage systems, offering more efficient and intelligent solutions for water safety.
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