【视频简介】原发性中枢神经系统血管炎(primary angiitis of the central nervous system,PACNS)是局限于脑实质、脊髓和软脑膜的中小动脉的罕见重度免疫介导的炎症性疾病。自然人群的PACNS发病率和患病率尚不明确,临床表现多样且不具...
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【视频简介】原发性中枢神经系统血管炎(primary angiitis of the central nervous system,PACNS)是局限于脑实质、脊髓和软脑膜的中小动脉的罕见重度免疫介导的炎症性疾病。自然人群的PACNS发病率和患病率尚不明确,临床表现多样且不具有特异性。近年来,由于神经影像技术的发展,尤其是脑血管检查技术的进步,使神经影像学检查对PACNS的诊断、鉴别诊断及分型具有更重要的意义。近年来临床倾向于将PACNS视为有多种临床及病理亚型的谱系疾病。目前仍以脑活检为诊断PACNS 的金标准,临床诊断仍旧广泛沿用calabrese 和mallek 诊断标准。2009 年Birnbaum 和Hellmann 等在此基础上提出了新的补充诊断标准,用以排除可逆性脑血管痉挛综合征。本视频解读由中国免疫学会神经免疫学分会、中华医学会神经病学分会神经免疫学组、中国医师协会神经内科医师分会神经免疫专业委员会组成的专家组,针对PACNS的流行病学、临床表现及分类、诊断及治疗进行讨论后形成的专家共识,以指导临床诊治PACNS。
Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the overproduction and incorporation of free radicals and the dynamic ability of a biosystem to detoxify reactive intermediates. Free radicals produced by oxidative stres...
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Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the overproduction and incorporation of free radicals and the dynamic ability of a biosystem to detoxify reactive intermediates. Free radicals produced by oxidative stress are one of the common features in several experimental models of diseases. Free radicals affect both the structure and function of neural cells,and contribute to a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Parkinson’s disease(PD). Although the precise mechanisms that result in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD remain unclear,the crucial role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of PD is associated with several proteins(such as DJ-1). Our study revealed that hsa-miR-4639-5 p and hsa-miR-617 could suppress the expression of DJ-1 protein through binding 3’-untranslated region(UTR) of DJ-1 mRNA. In vitro studies further demonstrated that hsa-miR-4639-5 p or hsa-miR-617 overexpressed cells were more susceptible to oxidative stress. Q-PCR was used to examine the miRNA levels in the plasma of PD patients,essential tremor patients and healthy controls. Notably,hsa-miR-4639-5 p was significantly up-regulated in the plasma of sporadic PD patients(n=169) compared with healthy controls(n=170) and disease controls(n=60) and maintained relatively high level with disease duration and progression. Thus,it may serve as a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of PD although both hsa-miR-4639-5 p and hsamiR-617 are involved in the expression of human DJ-1. DJ-1 can protect neurons from oxidative stress,therefore,we supposed that drugs upregulating DJ-1 may relief the stress of neurons in PD,and improve the clinical symptoms. We performed high-throughput screening of small compounds upregulating DJ-1 expression. Firstly,we screened over 8 000 compounds,and get 25 compounds producing over 2 folds increase in signal than negative control. Then,we conducted secondary screening from the 25 compounds,and observed 3 compounds(especially ChemJ) can
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