肥胖与高血压等疾病已被确认与骨关节炎(OA)的发病机制有着因果关系。最近的流行病学和临床研究结果证实,脂肪因子通过多种信号通路介导炎症、组织降解和OA发病机制。OA不再被认为只是一种“磨损性”疾病,OA发病机制中代谢相关成分的参与增加了疾病的复杂性。本论文旨在深入探讨肥胖及高血压在骨关节炎的发生与演进中的具体作用。Obesity and hypertension have been confirmed to have a causal relationship with the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Recent epidemiological and clinical research results have confirmed that adipokines mediate inflammation, tissue degradation, and the pathogenesis of OA through multiple signaling pathways. OA is no longer considered merely a “wear and tear” disease;the involvement of metabolism-related components in the pathogenesis of OA has increased the complexity of the disease. This paper aims to deeply explore the specific roles of obesity and hypertension in the occurrence and progression of osteoarthritis.
急性旁中央中层黄斑病变(Paracentral acute middle maculopathy, PAMM)是Sarraf等人首先通过光学相干断层扫描发现,是位于视网膜中部的中间毛细血管丛(ICP)水平缺血的结果。已经确定了各种病因,包括局部血管闭塞性疾病,如视网膜动脉闭塞和视网膜中央静脉闭塞(CRVO),以及全身性疾病,如糖尿病视网膜病变、远达性视网膜病变和镰状细胞视网膜病变。此外,一些特定药物的使用或代谢紊乱,如高同型半胱氨酸血症,也被认为是可能的致病因素。本文讲述1例视力、体征治疗后均明显好转的PAMM。Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) is a tomographic finding firstly described by Sarraf et al. as the results of ischemia at the level of the intermediate capillary plexus (ICP) located in the middle retina. Various aetiologies have been identified which include local vascular occlusive disorders such as retinal arterial occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), as well as systemic diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, purtscher retinopathy and sickle cell retinopathy. This article describes a case of PAMM, whose visual acuity and physical signs improved significantly after treatment.
幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori, Hp)是一种全球性病原体,其致病机制与人类肿瘤发生发展的相关性持续受到学界关注。近年来大量研究证实,Hp感染除与胃癌有明确因果关系外,其与结直肠肿瘤的发病风险存在显著关联,特别是相关机制研究已成为当前消化系统肿瘤领域的热点。本文通过探讨两者之间的概念、流行病学、相关性、致病机制及治疗作一全面综述,期望能够增强大众对这两种疾病的认识,并为其预防与治疗提供有益的参考和见解。Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a global pathogen, and the correlation between its pathogenic mechanism and the development of human tumors continues to attract academic attention. In recent years, a large number of studies have confirmed that Hp infection has a clear causal relationship with gastric cancer, and it is significantly associated with the risk of colorectal neoplasms, especially the related mechanism research has become a hot spot in the field of digestive system tumors. By discussing the concept, epidemiology, correlation, pathogenesis and treatment of the two diseases, this paper makes a comprehensive review, hoping to enhance the public’s understanding of the two diseases and provide useful reference and insight for their prevention and treatment.
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