From the roots of Aristolochia triangularis, two new alkaloids triangularine A and triangularine B together with thirteen known alkaloids namely aristololactam AII, AIIIa, AIA, Ia, IIA, BII, CII, cepharadione A,...
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From the roots of Aristolochia triangularis, two new alkaloids triangularine A and triangularine B together with thirteen known alkaloids namely aristololactam AII, AIIIa, AIA, Ia, IIA, BII, CII, cepharadione A, 4,5 dioxodehydroasimilobine; aristolochic acid D (IVa), magnoflorine; N, N dimethyllindcarpine and oblongine were isolated, their structures were identified by means of spectral analysis and chemical conversion.
Population pharmacokinetic meta-analysis method was used in order to obtain the pharmacokinetic characteristics of risperidone and its active metabolite. Eighteen studies were selected from published papers from 1995 ...
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Population pharmacokinetic meta-analysis method was used in order to obtain the pharmacokinetic characteristics of risperidone and its active metabolite. Eighteen studies were selected from published papers from 1995 to 2011. A model consisted of two compartments for parent drug and one compartment for its active metabolite combined with a flexible absorption process was developed based on the meta-dataset. The population-predicted apparent clearance for risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone, the active metabolite was 7.66 L/h and 7.38 L/h, and the apparent volume of distribution in the central compartment was 70.6 L and 117 L, respectively. The final model was evaluated by visual predictive check（VPC） based on 1000 times model simulation. This model was adequately used to predict clinical therapeutic drug monitoring（TDM） data from 42 Chinese inpatients. Bias（mean prediction errors, MPE） and precision（root mean squared prediction errors, RMSE） were calculated to statistically analysis the population prediction error. It was demonstrated that the model developed from the meta-dataset was reliable and can be used to facilitate the individualized treatment for a target population.
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