人工智能(Artificial intelligence, AI)在正畸诊疗中的应用涵盖诊断、方案设计、治疗预测、远程监控及问题咨询等多个领域,辅助医生提高临床效率与精准性。在头颅侧位片关键点检测中,人工智能实现了高效、精准的自动定位,减少人为误差。在生长潜力评估中,人工智能能够准确识别颈椎骨成熟阶段,提升效率。拔牙决策辅助系统利用人工智能综合分析患者牙颌特征,为治疗规划提供支持。此外,人工智能实现了治疗后面部软组织的形态预测,为医生与患者提供参考。远程监控技术借助人工智能提升患者依从性,自然语言处理技术通过智能聊天机器人改善沟通。尽管人工智能展现巨大潜力,其临床应用仍面临数据覆盖不足、学习样本的构建标准不一致、模型可解释性欠缺及隐私风险等挑战。未来需优化算法、提升数据质量并完善监管框架,以推动人工智能在正畸诊疗中的应用。Artificial Intelligence (AI) in orthodontics spans diagnosis, treatment planning, outcome prediction, remote monitoring, and consultation, enhancing clinical efficiency and precision. In the detection of key points on lateral cephalograms, artificial intelligence has achieved efficient and precise automatic localization, reducing human error. In the assessment of growth potential, artificial intelligence can accurately identify the stages of cervical vertebral maturation, enhancing efficiency. The decision support system for tooth extraction utilizes artificial intelligence to comprehensively analyze patients’ dental and occlusal characteristics, providing support for treatment planning. It also predicts post-treatment facial morphology, assisting clinicians and patients. Remote monitoring improves compliance, while AI-powered chatbots enhance communication. However, challenges remain, including limited data coverage, inconsistent gold standards, lack of interpretability, and data privacy concerns. Advancing AI adoption requires optimizing algorithms, improving data quality, and strengthening regulatory frameworks.
颞下颌关节骨关节病(TMJOA)的状况是普遍存在的颞下颌关节问题,其特征在于开口困难、关节区域痛感及摩擦声等症状,这给患者的日常生活带来了极大的困扰,目前的治疗手段主要是保守疗法与非保守疗法。然而,近些年,由于基础研究对于颞下颌骨关节疾病的深入探讨,使得诊断和治疗的方法得到了进一步提升和优化。本文就TMJOA的诊治进展做一综述。Temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis (TMJOA) is a prevalent condition affecting the temporomandibular joint, marked by symptoms like restricted mouth opening, joint pain, and clicking noises, significantly impacting the well-being of individuals. The current approaches to treatment involve both conservative and non-conservative methods. In recent years, with the development of basic research on temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis, the diagnosis and treatment methods of TMJOA have been continuously improved and perfected. This article reviews the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of TMJOA.
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