无托槽隐形矫治器施力于牙齿,使其恢复至正常的位置,最终牙齿在正确排列关系下建立平衡、稳定的咬合状态。咬合曲线是连接相关牙尖而形成的连续曲线,分为Spee曲线和Wilson曲线,是评价咬合和排齐整平效果的重要指标,但临床中缺乏准确、便捷的评价工具。近年来,口腔数字化已经覆盖了口腔诊疗的全流程,人工智能技术在信息分析中逐渐起到中流砥柱的作用,且正畸与人工智能呈现深度结合的趋势。本文将对咬合曲线的测量方法及目前无托槽隐形矫治后咬合曲线变化的研究现状进行综述。The clear aligner exerts force on the teeth, causing them to return to their normal positions, ultimately establishing a balanced and stable occlusion state for the teeth in the correct arrangement. The occlusal curve is a continuous curve formed by connecting the relevant cusps, and it is divided into the Spee curve and Wilson curve, which is an important indicator for evaluating occlusion and alignment, but there is a lack of accurate and convenient evaluation tools in clinical practice. In recent years, digitalization has covered the entire process of dental treatment, and artificial intelligence technology has played an increasingly pivotal role in information analysis, and there is a trend of deep integration between orthodontics and artificial intelligence. This paper will review the measurement methods of occlusal curves and the current research status of the changes in occlusal curves after clear aligner treatment.
目的:比较两种粘结体系用于前牙活髓二氧化锆全瓷冠临床修复的疗效。方法:选择2018年1月~2019年12月因前牙牙体缺损需进行活髓二氧化锆全瓷冠修复的48例患者,分为两组,观察组使用Single Bond Universal粘结剂+RelyX^(TM)Ultimate树脂水...
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目的:比较两种粘结体系用于前牙活髓二氧化锆全瓷冠临床修复的疗效。方法:选择2018年1月~2019年12月因前牙牙体缺损需进行活髓二氧化锆全瓷冠修复的48例患者,分为两组,观察组使用Single Bond Universal粘结剂+RelyX^(TM)Ultimate树脂水门汀,对照组使用RelyX^(TM)Unicem通用自粘结树脂型水门汀进行二氧化锆全瓷冠的粘结。分别在粘结后1周、3个月、6个月使用视觉模拟评分法评价基牙的牙本质敏感度;及粘固后6个月的牙龈指数。结果:粘结后1周、3个月、6个月,观察组牙本质敏感发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。粘结后6个月,观察组牙龈指数均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:Single Bond Universal粘结剂+RelyX^(TM)Ultimate树脂水门汀用于活髓牙的二氧化锆全瓷冠粘固可以有效减轻术后敏感的发生率,同时也更有利于牙周组织的健康。
近年来,正畸治疗已经从简单排齐牙齿向改善面部美观发生了巨大转变,无论是患者希望通过正畸治疗达到改善面部美观的目的,还是正畸医生以颌面部软组织为治疗导向的矫治理念的产生,正畸治疗与面部软组织美观之间的关系越来越紧密。人们对面部美观的定义受主观因素影响,明确面部软组织美学的评价标准对于正畸治疗过程中不同人群目标位置的设定具有十分重要的意义,同时在制定矫治计划时关于正畸治疗前后对面部美观的改变也需要被考虑。我们不定义美貌理想值,只是希望我们的研究结果能为有美貌需求的正畸患者提供一种参考。同时,既往研究正畸治疗与面部美观的相关性大多着眼于侧貌的改变,但正面像是患者最容易观察且关注较多的部分,我们将把探索的目光放在与正畸治疗相关的面部正面像软组织的改变上,正面美学特征的研究可以作为侧貌美学的补充,丰富颜面美学分析的内容,也可以在正畸治疗前辅助医患沟通,降低因审美差异造成纠纷的风险。In recent years, orthodontic treatment has evolved significantly from merely aligning teeth to improve facial beauty. Whether it is patients’ hope to improve facial beauty through orthodontic treatment, or the emergence of the treatment concept of face soft tissue as treatment orientation, the relationship between orthodontic treatment and facial soft tissue beauty is strengthened. The perception of facial beauty is influenced by subjective factors. Making it essential to establish clear evaluation criteria for setting the target positions of different groups in the process of orthodontic treatment. At the same time, changes in facial beauty before and after orthodontic treatment should also be considered when making the treatment plan. We do not define an ideal standard of beauty, but hope that our findings can provide a reference for orthodontic patients with aesthetic concerns. At the same time, previous studies on the correlation between orthodontic treatment and facial aesthetics mostly focused on the changes of facial appearance, However, the frontal view is what patients are most likely to observe and pay attention to. We will focus our exploration on the changes of facial image soft tissue related to orthodontic treatment. The study of positive aesthetic features can complement profile aesthetics and enrich the content of facial aesthetic analysis. It can also assist doctor-patient communication before orthodontic treatment to reduce the risk of disputes caused by aesthetic differences.
错颌畸形是世界卫生组织认定的三大口腔疾病之一,并且在我国的发病率逐年上升。作为一种常见的口腔健康问题,错颌畸形不仅会影响患者的颌面功能和面部外观,还可能对其心理健康产生长期且深远的影响。正因为如此,越来越多的患者选择通过正畸治疗来改善这一问题。在正畸治疗过程中,施加的机械力会引发牙周组织中的炎症级联反应,进而促使牙周膜和牙槽骨的改建与重塑,从而实现牙齿的移动。免疫系统在这一复杂的生物学过程中发挥着关键作用,是正畸牙移动和牙槽骨改建中不可缺少的调节因子。细胞焦亡作为一种炎性程序性细胞死亡方式,特点是通过炎症小体的激活以及Caspase-1或Caspase-4/5的参与,其在维持组织稳态和激活炎症反应中起着至关重要的作用。然而关于细胞焦亡与正畸牙移动的具体联系尚未被完全阐明,因此,文章对细胞焦亡与正畸牙移动之间的关系及潜在机制进行综述,以期为相关基础研究和临床实践提供具有指导意义的参考,并为患者带来更为精确和有效的干预手段。Malocclusion is one of the three major oral diseases recognized by the World Health Organization, and the incidence rate is increasing yearly in China. As a common oral health problem, malocclusion not only affects the patient’s facial function and appearance but may also have long-term and profound effects on their mental health. Because of this, more and more patients are choosing orthodontic treatment to improve this problem. During orthodontic treatment, the applied mechanical force can trigger an inflammatory cascade reaction in the periodontal tissue, promoting the remodeling and reconstruction of the periodontal membrane and alveolar bone, thereby achieving tooth movement. The immune system plays a crucial role in this complex biological process and is an indispensable regulatory factor in orthodontic tooth movement and alveolar bone remodeling. Cellular pyroptosis, as an inflammatory programmed cell death mode, is characterized by the activation of inflammasomes and the involvement of Caspase-1 or Caspase-4/5, playing a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and activating inflammatory responses. However, the specific relationship between cell necrosis and orthodontic tooth movement has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this article reviews the relationship and potential mechanisms between cell necrosis and orthodontic tooth movement to provide guiding references for related basic research and clinical practice and to bring more precise and effective intervention methods for patients.
间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs)因其多向分化、自我更新、免疫调控等功能,可治疗多种疾病。尽管MSCs疗法在一定程度上已被证明是安全有效的,但在临床应用中,其疗效和安全性仍存在局限性,主要体现在MSCs靶向性不足、分化能力受限、体内存活率低及药物递送效率不足等方面。为解决这些问题,目前出现多种工程化修饰技术,包括基因工程、表面修饰、物理化学修饰和组织工程等,以提高MSCs疗法的治疗效果和安全性。本文详细介绍了不同工程化修饰策略,并重点阐述各工程化修饰下MSCs功能化的实现和临床应用前景。Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold significant promise for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, owing to their multi-lineage differentiation potential, self-renewal capabilities, and immune regulatory properties. Although MSCs-based therapies have demonstrated safety and efficacy to some extent, their clinical application remains limited. These limitations are primarily due to challenges such as insufficient targeting of MSCs, restricted differentiation capacity, low in vivo survival rates, and poor drug delivery efficiency. To address these issues, a variety of engineering strategies, including genetic modification, surface functionalization, physicochemical modification, and tissue engineering, have been developed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and safety of MSCs therapies. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of these engineering approaches and discusses their potential for future clinical application in MSCs-based therapies.
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