目的:构建伤口造口失禁专科护士能级评价方案,为该领域专科护士的能力评价提供参考。方法:运用文献分析、专家讨论及德尔菲法构建评价方案。于2020年9月随机选取全国213名伤口造口失禁专科护士为研究对象,收集其对评价方案各项指标的认可程度评分及本方案在专业领域中的适用性、可执行性与可推广性的综合评价数据。结果:两轮专家函询的积极系数均达到100%,专家权威系数为0.872,Kendall’s W值分别为0.252和0.331 (P均Objective: To construct a competency evaluation scheme for wound, ostomy, and continence specialist nurses, providing a reference for the capability assessment of nurses in this field. Methods: The evaluation scheme was constructed using literature analysis, expert discussions, and the Delphi method. In September 2020, 213 wound, ostomy, and continence specialist nurses were randomly selected nationwide as research subjects. Data were collected on their recognition degree scores for each indicator of the evaluation scheme, as well as comprehensive evaluation data on the scheme’s applicability, executability, and promotability in the professional field. Results: The positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultations were both 100%, the expert authority coefficient was 0.872, and the Kendall’s W values were 0.252 and 0.331 (both P < 0.001), indicating a high degree of consistency and reliability in expert opinions. The final competency evaluation scheme for wound, ostomy, and continence specialist nurses covers 5 dimensions, 3 competency levels, and 52 specific items. The survey found that the recognition degree scores for the scheme’s indicators were generally high, and the scheme received positive evaluations for its applicability, executability, and promotability in the professional field. Conclusion: The constructed competency evaluation scheme for wound, ostomy, and continence specialist nurses has good scientific and practical value, and can provide a scientific reference for the capability assessment of nurses in this field.
慢性炎症是指刺激因素持续作用或其他原因导致的难以消退的炎症反应.它与许多重大疾病的发生、发展密切相关.近年来,慢性炎症在癌症发生发展中的关键作用得到普遍认可,其促癌作用的机制已成为当前生命科学研究热点之一.哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)是接受细胞内外各种信号、调节细胞生长与代谢的关键分子,多数肿瘤存在mTOR通路的过度激活.最近,我们与其他实验室的研究发现mTOR通路在"炎-癌"转变中起重要作用.本综述将对慢性炎症与癌症的关系、慢性炎症的促癌作用机制做一概括介绍,重点讨论mTOR信号通路介导慢性炎症促癌效应的作用、机制及未来研究方向,为慢性炎症恶性转化分子机制研究提供新的观点.
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