伴随人口老龄化,心血管疾病发病率逐年增长,接受心脏外科手术的患者日益增加。谵妄,是心脏手术后常见的并发症,其发生率高、住院及ICU停留时间延长、死亡率高,给患者和家属带来沉重的负担,因此越来越受到麻醉、外科、ICU及护理等多学科的广泛重视。现代麻醉学,正在向围术期医学迈进,麻醉医生需承担术前、术中及术后多重角色。本文从麻醉学角度对心脏术后谵妄最新定义及其研究进展进行探讨,为广大麻醉医师预防/减少心脏术后谵妄的发生做好术前准备、术中防范和术后镇痛等工作提供更好的理论依据与指导。The incidence of cardiovascular disease and the number of patients undergoing cardiac surgery have increased year by year as the aging population developed. Delirium, characterized by high incidence, prolonged time in hospital and ICU, and high mortality, is a common complication after cardiac surgery, which brings a heavy burden to patients and their family members. Therefore, it has captured more and more attention from many subjects, such as anesthesiology, ICU, surgery and nursing. Modern anesthesiology is moving towards perioperative medicine, and it is necessary for the anesthesiologist to undertake multiple roles in preoperation, intraoperation and postoperation. In this review, we illuminate the latest definition and research progress of postoperative delirium from the point of view of anesthesiology to provide a better theoretical basis and guidance for general anesthesiologists in regard to preoperative preparation, intraoperative prevention and postoperative analgesia.
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