心房心肌病是近年提出的新概念,是一个诸多临床因素损伤心房致其结构、电生理、功能改变的综合范畴。心房心肌病是发生心房颤动和卒中的心房基质,其与心房纤维化关系密切。早期识别心房心肌病患者并及早地进行综合治疗与管理,对于预防和控制房颤、卒中的发生至关重要。本文综合最新研究文献对心房心肌病相关标志物进行简要阐述。Atrial cardiomyopathy is a new concept put forward in recent years. It is a comprehensive category of structure, electrophysiology and function changes caused by many clinical factors. Atrial cardiomyopathy is the atrial matrix in which atrial fibrillation and stroke occur, and it is closely related to atrial fibrosis. Early identification of patients with atrial cardiomyopathy and early comprehensive treatment and management are very important for preventing and controlling the occurrence of atrial fibrillation and stroke. In this paper, based on the latest research literature, the related markers of atrial cardiomyopathy were briefly described.
肥厚型心肌病(hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, HCM)是一种以心室肥厚为主要特征的常染色体显性遗传性心肌病。我国罹患人数超过100万,也是青少年和运动员猝死的主要原因之一。目前,肥厚型心肌病伴随着AI的应用及靶向药物、基因治疗的进展有了新的诊治希望,本文就肥厚型心肌病的诊治进展作一综述。Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a type of autosomal dominant cardiomyopathy characterized by ventricular hypertrophy. It affects more than 1 million people in China and is one of the leading causes of sudden death in adolescents and athletes. Currently, with the advancements in AI application, targeted drugs, and gene therapy, there is new hope for the diagnosis and treatment of HCM. This article provides an overview of the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
高血压是心脑血管疾病的主要危险因素之一,会增加心衰、脑卒中、冠心病等疾病的发生风险。难治性高血压是高血压的一种特殊类型,对于常规降压方案无效或不敏感。该类患者由于血压长期不达标,其心血管事件发生风险远高于一般高血压患者。在终末期肾病患者中由于液体潴留、动脉僵硬度增加、肾脏代谢异常等因素,难治性高血压发生率相对较高。然而目前关于该类患者高血压发生或进展的致病机制尚不明确且常规降压治疗效果欠佳。本文就终末期肾病患者难治性高血压致病机制及治疗策略作简要阐述。Hypertension is one of the main risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which will increase the risk of heart failure, stroke, coronary heart disease and other diseases. Treatment-resistant hypertension is a specific type of high blood pressure that is ineffective or insensitive to conventional blood pressure lowering regiments. Due to long-term substandard blood pressure, the risk of cardiovascular events in these patients is much higher than that in general hypertensive patients. The incidence of refractory hypertension is relatively high in patients with end-stage renal disease due to fluid retention, increased arterial stiffness and abnormal renal metabolism. However, the pathogenesis of hypertension in these patients is still unclear and the effect of conventional antihypertensive therapy is not good. In this paper, the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of refractory hypertension in patients with end-stage renal disease were briefly reviewed.
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