航空电磁测量记录中,不仅感生电动势测最数据有观测误差,而且高度计测量数据也有误差,直接进行常规反演往往导致反演结果不可靠,研究飞行高度数据有误差下的反演算法具有实际意义.本文以层状模型的固定翼时间域航空电磁多分量理论响应数据为例,提出了两种针对飞行高度计记录数据有误差时的正则化反演算法,一个是自适应正则化反演方法,另一个是约束优化反演方法,结合光滑化模型约束方式,将飞行高度作为一个待反演参数与电阻率参数一并反演,以获得更可靠的解释结果.第一种算法侧重于已知的地电信息相对较少的一般情况下的反演,只要给定初始飞行高度值和初始均匀半空间模型的电阻率值,即可稳定地同时重构地下介质电阻率和飞行高度.反演中正则因子由自适应的方式获得,并用奇异值分解法解反演方程.而第二种算法则用于先验信息较多的特殊场合,可事先设定反演模型参数及飞行高度参数的上下限范围,并通过有限内存拟牛顿约束优化方法搜索可行域里的最优解.用多层介质模型的理论响应数据加入不同水平噪声后进行反演试算,对使用不同飞行高度初值和不同约束参数时的反演结果作对比分析.结果表明,无论飞行高度值偏高或偏低,两种算法均能稳定有效地重构地下介质电导率分布和飞行高度值,但飞行高度初值不准会降低反演的收敛速度;文章的一个算例显示,在飞行高度初值偏低15 m下,第一种算法在第10次迭代后的解释高度与真值的误差小于0.3 m,第二种算法在参数约束下,第6次迭代以后的各次迭代的飞行高度值在119.4～121 m之间,其平均值与真值的误差不足0.2 m.
Traditional formation pressure prediction methods all are based on the formation undercompaction mechanism and the prediction results are obviously low when predicting abnormally high pressure caused by compressional ...
详细信息
Traditional formation pressure prediction methods all are based on the formation undercompaction mechanism and the prediction results are obviously low when predicting abnormally high pressure caused by compressional structure *** eliminate this problem,we propose a new formation pressure prediction method considering compressional structure overpressure as the dominant factor causing abnormally high ***,we establish a model for predicting maximum principal stress,this virtual maximum principal stress is calculated by a double stress field *** we predict the formation pressure by fitting the maximum principal stress with formation pressure. The real maximum principal stress can be determined by caculating the sum of the virtual maximum principal *** application to real data from the A1 and A2 wells in the A gas field shows that this new method has higher accuracy than the traditional equivalent depth method.
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