目的:近年来研究发现中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值可以预测急性缺血性卒中(AIS)患者的短期和长期预后。但其变化量(ΔNLR)与患者溶栓后24 h的出血转化(HT)及早期神经功能改善(ENI)的关系仍缺乏研究。本次研究旨在探讨ΔNLR与溶栓后24 h的HT和ENI的关系,及ΔNLR与不同TOAST分型的患者溶栓后早期结局的关系。方法:纳入接受静脉溶栓治疗的AIS患者234例。对患者进行TOAST分型。根据HT和ENI的有无将患者进行分组。结果:发生HT的患者溶栓后NLR升高更明显,出现ENI的患者溶栓后NLR降低更明显。动脉粥样硬化型与心源性栓塞型患者的ΔNLR无明显差异,但小动脉闭塞型患者与大动脉粥样硬化型轻型患者相比,ΔNLR有统计学差异。结论:ΔNLR是AIS患者溶栓后HT和ENI的独立影响因素,且小动脉闭塞型脑卒中患者的ΔNLR大于轻型大动脉粥样硬化型脑卒中患者的ΔNLR。Objective: Recent studies have shown that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio can predict the short- and long-term prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the association between the variation of neutrophil-to- lymphocyte ratio(ΔNLR) and the bleeding transformation (HT) as well as early neurological improvement (ENI) at 24 h after thrombolysis is still lacking. The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between ΔNLR and HT as well as ENI 24 h after thrombolytic therapy, and the relationship between ΔNLR and early outcomes after thrombolytic therapy in patients with different TOAST classifications. Methods: 234 patients with AIS who received intravenous thrombolysis were included. The patients were classified by TOAST classifications. Patients were grouped according to the presence or absence of HT and ENI. Results: The increase of NLR after thrombolysis was more obvious in patients with HT while the decrease of NLR was more obvious in patients with ENI. There was no significant difference in ΔNLR between patients with atherosclerotic type and those with cardiogenic embolization type, but there was a statistical difference in ΔNLR between patients with small artery occlusion type and those with large artery atherosclerosis mild type. Conclusion: ΔNLR was an independent influencing factor for HT and ENI in AIS patients after thrombolysis, and ΔNLR in small artery occlusive stroke patients was greater than that in patients of minor stroke of LAA group.
目的:检测癫痫共病抑郁大鼠额前皮质神经生长相关蛋白43 (GAP43)、突触后致密蛋白95 (PSD95)及突触素(SYN)的表达情况,探讨额前皮质突触相关蛋白的表达变化在癫痫共病抑郁发病中的作用。方法:选取成年雌性SD大鼠进行实验,采用氯化锂–匹鲁卡品法建立癫痫模型,使用Racine评分标准判断癫痫发作等级。抑郁模型采用孤养法结合慢性不可预见中等应激刺激(Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress, CUMS)方案,在癫痫造模14天后进行抑郁筛选,按照体重测量、蔗糖溶液偏好率及旷场实验评估大鼠的抑郁情绪,由此分为癫痫共病抑郁组、癫痫组,设置正常组及抑郁组作为对照。应用免疫组织化学染色法检测各组大鼠额前皮质GAP43、PSD95及SYN蛋白的表达情况。结果:在SYN的表达中,与正常组相比,其他各组的SYN表达均减少(P P P P P P Objective: To detect the expression of neuronal growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), and synaptophysin (SYN) in the prefrontal cortex of rats with comorbid epilepsy and depression, and to investigate the role of changes in the expression of synaptic-related proteins in the prefrontal cortex in the pathogenesis of comorbid epilepsy and depression. Methods: Adult female SD rats were selected for the experiment. The epilepsy model was established using the lithium-pilocarpine method, and the epileptic seizure grade was assessed using the Racine scoring standard. The depression model was established using the single-housed method combined with a Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS) paradigm. 14 days after epilepsy modeling, depression screening was performed, and the rats were divided into the comorbid epilepsy and depression group, the epilepsy-only group, the normal control group, and the depression-only group according to body weight measurement, sucrose solution preference rate, and open field test evaluation of depressive emotions. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of GAP43, PSD95, and SYN proteins in the prefrontal cortex of each group of rats. Results: In terms of SYN expression, compared to the normal group, SYN expression was reduced in the other groups (P < 0.05);and compared to the epilepsy group, SYN expression was reduced in the depression and comorbid groups (P < 0.05). In terms of PSD95 expression, compared to the normal group, expression was reduced in the depression and comorbid groups (P < 0.05);and
目的:借助人工智能(Artificial Intelligence, AI)评估单侧前循环梗死患者计算机断层血管造影(Computed Tomography Angiography, CTA)非颈动脉斑块的特征与来源不明的栓塞性卒中(Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source, ESUS)之间的关联。方法:确定2022年5月至2024年3月入院的急性单侧前循环缺血性脑卒中患者,纳入大动脉粥样硬化(Large Artery Atherosclerosis Stroke, LAAS)、ESUS、心源性栓塞(Cardioembolic Stroke, CES)患者,比较ESUS与LAAS及CES患者的临床特征,并基于CTA影像的AI自动分析比较ESUS患者缺血事件同侧及对侧颈动脉斑块特征的差异并探求其关联。结果:我们对72例LAAS患者、50例ESUS患者及30例CES患者进行分析,发现ESUS与LAAS患者相较发病年龄更小、C反应蛋白水平更低。ESUS与CES患者相较合并更多的血管危险因素和更少的异常心脏指标。在影像学方面,ESUS患者缺血事件同侧颈动脉混合或非钙化斑块数量多于对侧,管腔狭窄处混合或非钙化斑块的发生率更高;Logistic回归分析显示两者均为ESUS的独立影响因素。比较LAAS与ESUS缺血事件侧颈动脉斑块特征发现,LAAS颈动脉混合或非钙化斑块更加普遍。结论:ESUS的临床危险因素更接近LAAS而不是CES,混合或非钙化斑块在缺血事件同侧更常见,可能为ESUS的潜在病因标志。Objective: To evaluate the association between characteristics of non-carotid plaque and embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) on computed tomography angiography (CTA) in patients with unilateral anterior circulation infarction with artificial intelligence (AI). Methods: Patients with acute unilateral anterior circulation ischemic stroke admitted to the hospital from May 2022 to March 2024 were identified and included as large artery atherosclerosis stroke (LAAS), ESUS, and cardioembolic stroke (CES). The clinical features of ESUS, LAAS, and CES patients were compared and AI-based on CTA images automatically analyzed and compared the differences in ipsilateral and contralateral carotid plaque features of ESUS patients with ischemic events and explored their correlation. Results: We analyzed 72 patients with LAAS, 50 patients with ESUS, and 30 patients with CES and found that ESUS patients had younger onset age and lower C-reactive protein levels than LAAS patients. ESUS patients had more vascular risk factors and fewer abnormal cardiac markers than CES patients. In terms of imaging, ESUS patients had more mixed or non-calcified plaques in the ipsilateral carotid artery than the contralateral carotid artery, and the incidence of mixed or non-calcified plaques in lumen stenosis was higher. Logistic regr
脑小血管病是指各种病因导致大脑小动脉、小静脉和毛细血管的病变所致的一系列临床影像病理综合征。它是脑血管疾病最常见的亚型之一,与卒中的发生和复发、认知障碍、步态障碍、心理障碍和排尿困难有关。尽管脑小血管病对人们生活造成重大负担,但对其潜在病理生理机制的了解并不完全。目前,CSVD的诊断主要依靠神经影像学指标,但不能完全反映疾病的全貌。近年来,人们研究发现一些炎症标志物与CSVD有关,但其潜在机制尚不完全清楚。本文旨在系统地回顾和总结CSVD发病机制及相关炎症标志物,以期为CSVD的诊断和治疗提供思路。Cerebral small vessel disease is a series of clinico-imaging pathological syndromes resulting from various etiological factors causing lesions in the small arteries, veins and capillaries of the brain. It is one of the most common subtypes of cerebrovascular disease and is associated with the development and recurrence of stroke, cognitive impairment, gait disturbance, psychological disturbances, and urinary difficulties. Despite the significant burden of cerebral small vessel disease on people’s lives, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are incompletely understood. Currently, the diagnosis of CSVD relies on neuroimaging indices, which do not fully reflect the full picture of the disease. In recent years, some inflammatory markers have been investigated and found to be associated with CSVD, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The aim of this paper is to systematically review and summarise the inflammatory markers related to the pathogenesis of CSVD, with a view to providing ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of CSVD.
目的探讨静脉溶栓与双抗治疗急性轻型非致残性缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效及安全性。方法回顾性连续纳入2022年1月至2024年3月发病6 h内的急性轻型非致残性缺血性脑卒中患者138例[美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health...
详细信息
目的探讨静脉溶栓与双抗治疗急性轻型非致残性缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效及安全性。方法回顾性连续纳入2022年1月至2024年3月发病6 h内的急性轻型非致残性缺血性脑卒中患者138例[美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分≤5]为研究对象,根据是否接受静脉溶栓分为静脉溶栓组(66例)和双抗组(72例),采用倾向性评分匹配法将两组患者按照1∶1进行匹配,匹配后静脉溶栓组(44例)和双抗组(44例)。收集患者的人口学资料、临床资料、临床预后指标及不良事件。主要结局定义为发病后90 d良好功能结局[改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin Scale,mRS)评分0~2分]、发病后90 d mRS评分。次要结局为发病后24 h、72 h、7 d NIHSS评分,早期神经功能恶化比例,发病90 d内颅内出血及系统性出血事件及发病90 d内死亡。结果①匹配前静脉溶栓组年龄、入院时mRS评分均低于双抗组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。匹配后两组患者在年龄、性别、高血压病、糖尿病、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、房颤、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、高同型半胱氨酸血症、既往脑卒中病史、吸烟史、入院时NIHSS评分、入院时mRS评分、梗死部位、TOAST分型等资料的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);②静脉溶栓组与双抗组患者发病后90 d良好功能结局患者比例和发病后90 d mRS评分差异无统计学意义[88.6%(39/44)vs 93.2%(41/44),P=0.458、P=0.308];③静脉溶栓组发病后24 h、72 h中位NIHSS评分明显低于双抗组,差异有统计学意义[1 vs 2.5、1 vs 2,P=0.018、0.043],其余有效性结局和安全性结局差异均无统计学意义。结论静脉溶栓治疗能够为急性轻型非致残性缺血性脑卒中患者带来显著的短期获益,有助于缩短恢复至良好神经功能结局的时间,且不增加出血风险和病死率。然而,在发病后90 d良好功能结局方面,其效果与双抗治疗相似,尽管如此,亟需开展更大样本、更高质量的临床研究来进一步验证。
暂无评论