大气二氧化碳(CO_2)浓度增高导致全球变暖,但作为光合作用底物促进绿色作物的光合作用。为了明确高CO_2浓度对杂交水稻结实期光合日变化的影响,2014年利用稻田FACE(Free Air CO_2Enrichment)平台,以生产上曾创高产纪录的两个杂交稻新组...
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大气二氧化碳(CO_2)浓度增高导致全球变暖,但作为光合作用底物促进绿色作物的光合作用。为了明确高CO_2浓度对杂交水稻结实期光合日变化的影响,2014年利用稻田FACE(Free Air CO_2Enrichment)平台,以生产上曾创高产纪录的两个杂交稻新组合甬优2640和Y两优2号为供试材料,设置环境CO_2和高CO_2浓度(增200μmol/mol)两个水平,测定杂交稻抽穗期和灌浆中期光合作用日变化和成熟期生物量。结果表明,高CO_2浓度环境下两组合抽穗期叶片净光合速率均大幅增加(全天平均52%),但灌浆中期的平均增幅减半,其中Y两优2号这种光合下调表现更为明显。大气CO_2浓度升高使两杂交稻组合抽穗和灌浆中期叶片气孔导度均大幅下降,导致蒸腾速率下降而水分利用效率大幅增加,Y两优2号气孔导度和蒸腾速率对CO_2的响应上午大于下午,而甬优2640表现相反。尽管大气CO_2浓度升高使杂交稻结实期不同时刻胞间CO_2浓度均大幅增加,但对气孔限制值特别是胞间CO_2与空气CO_2浓度之比多无显著影响,两品种趋势一致。大气CO_2浓度升高对甬优2640地上部生物量及其组分的影响明显大于Y两优2号,CO_2与品种间多存在互作效应。以上结果表明,与甬优2640相比,Y两优2号最终生产力从高CO_2浓度环境中获益较少可能与该品种生长后期存在明显的光合适应有关,但这种光合适应似乎不是由气孔限制造成的。
In order to understand the effects of water or N fertilizer on rice yield,quality and its physiological mechanism,a japonica hybrid rice cultivar Yongyou 2640 was grown in field,and two irrigation regimes,namely conti...
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In order to understand the effects of water or N fertilizer on rice yield,quality and its physiological mechanism,a japonica hybrid rice cultivar Yongyou 2640 was grown in field,and two irrigation regimes,namely continuously flooded(CF) and alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation(AWMD),and three N rates,namely LN(120 kg N/ha),MN(240 kg N/ha),HN(360 kg N/ha) were *** effect of irrigation regimes and N rates on rice growth and development,yield formation,nutrient uptake,and rice quality were *** results showed that,at the same N rate and compared with CF,AWMD significantly increased grain yield by 6.7%-18.6%because of increases in the percentage of filled grains and 1000-grain *** the CF regime,the grain yield at HN and MN were 21.1%-23%and 12%-15.5%higher than LN,*** yield at HN was lower than MN due to the lower percentage of filled grains and lower 1000-grain *** the AWMD regime,grain yield showed no significance between MN and HN although both MN and HN exhibited a higher grain yield than that LN,with the increase by 23.7%-25.3%arid 23.2%-24.4%,*** all the treatment combinations of irrigation regimes and N rates,the combination of AWMD+MN showed the highest grain *** reason for the high yield of AWMD+MN was the synergetic increase in total number of spikelets,the percentage of filled grains and 1000-grain *** compared with CF,AWMD significantly reduced irrigation water by 18.1%-23.2%and increased water use efficiency(WUE) by 27.3%-55.3%.The WUE was highest when AWMD combined with *** the same N rate,when compared with CF,AWMD significantly increased appearance quality through reducing rice chalk size,chalkiness degree,and improved starch viscosity property by reducing setback and increasing peak viscosity and *** AWMD+MN treatment combination showed the highest milled rice rate,head rice rate and the lowest amylose content,and the best rice quality among all the treat
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