大龄弱视存在该群体视觉发育的特殊性,传统的弱视治疗效果不佳。随着人们逐渐认识到可塑性的机制并尝试寻找靶点进行治疗大龄弱视,通过激活大脑神经元来达到恢复大龄弱视群体的视力和视功能的目的有了更多可能性。本篇综述概述了近年来国内外相关文献报道,阐述了大龄弱视这一特殊群体及可塑性的影响因素,介绍了在此基础上的视知觉学习方法以期使得可塑性得以重启。Older amblyopia has its special visual development, and the traditional treatment of amblyopia is not effective. As people gradually understand the mechanism of plasticity and try to find a target for treatment of amblyopia, it is more possible to restore the vision and visual function of the elderly amblyopia by activating brain neurons. In this review, the relevant literatures at home and abroad in recent years are reviewed, the special group of elderly amblyopia and the influencing factors of plasticity are expounded, and the visual perceptual learning methods based on this are introduced in order to restart plasticity.
年龄相关性白内障是全球失明的主要原因之一,术后屈光准确度是白内障手术成功的关键目标。近年来,眼部生物学测量方法和人工晶体计算公式均有显著发展,但极端眼轴(AL ≤ 23 mm或AL ≥ 25 mm)患者的术后效果仍不理想。本文旨在总结影响极端眼轴白内障患者术后屈光预测的因素,并回顾IOL计算公式的发展历程及其优缺点。Age-related cataract is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, and postoperative refractive accuracy is a key goal for the success of cataract surgery. In recent years, significant advances have been made in ocular biometry methods and intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas;however, the postoperative outcomes for patients with extreme axial lengths (AL ≤ 23 mm or AL ≥ 25 mm) remain suboptimal. This article aims to summarize the factors influencing postoperative refractive prediction in cataract patients with extreme axial lengths and review the development of IOL calculation formulas, highlighting their advantages and limitations.
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