尿酸是人体嘌呤核苷酸的分解代谢终产物,当尿酸生成和排泄失衡时即出现尿酸代谢异常。心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease, CVD)为全球死亡率最高的疾病,严重危害人们的生命健康。越来越多的研究证明,尿酸与糖尿病及心血管疾病的发生、发展及预后关系紧密。本文就尿酸与糖尿病及心血管疾病关系的研究进展进行概述。Uric acid is the final metabolite of purine nucleotide catabolism in the human body. Abnormal uric acid metabolism occurs when there is an imbalance between uric acid production and excretion. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, posing a serious threat to people’s life and health. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated a close relationship between uric acid and the occurrence, development, and prognosis of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This article provides an overview of the research progress on the relationship between uric acid and diabetes as well as cardiovascular diseases.
不同病因的间质性肺疾病患者普遍展现出一些共同的临床表现,包括不同程度的呼吸困难、咳嗽以及运动耐量的显著下降等。这些症状严重影响了患者的生活质量。心肺运动试验是目前评估运动耐量的“金标准”,该试验能够全面揭示运动过程中患者呼吸、心血管、骨骼肌、神经感觉等多个系统综合功能的异常,从而为慢性呼吸系统疾病(包括间质性肺疾病)患者的诊断提供线索、进一步指导治疗方案、制定运动处方及后期康复训练计划。初步证据表明,该项检查还可用于揭示间质性肺疾病患者中相关肺动脉高压的存在。本文就心肺运动试验在间质性肺疾病中临床应用及研究进展作一综述。Patients with interstitial lung disease caused by different etiologies exhibit, have some common clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, significant reduced exercise tolerance, persistent cough, and pronounced fatigue, which severely impact their quality of life. Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing is currently the “gold standard” for assessing exercise tolerance. This test can reveal abnormalities in the comprehensive functions of multiple systems, including respiratory, cardiovascular, skeletal muscle, and neurosensory systems. It provides clues for the diagnosis of these patients with chronic respiratory diseases, further guiding treatment plans, formulating exercise prescriptions, and making later rehabilitation training plans. Preliminary evidence suggests that this test can also be used to shed light on the presence of associated pulmonary hypertension. This article reviews the clinical application and research progress of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Interstitial Lung Disease.
目的:分析室上速患者行射频消融术后再发心血管不良事件的相关因素。方法:收集暨南大学第一附属医院心内科2019年6月~2022年7月收治的SVT发作时存在胸痛以及ST段改变的152例患者的临床资料,通过追踪患者诊疗记录、电话随访等方式,对所有出院患者进行至少为期一年的随访,随访的内容主要包括:患者的一般情况;是否发生MACE。比较发生MACE组未发生组两组患者的一般临床资料、血液生化指标。结果:发现行冠脉造影(OR = 2.570, 95% CI 1.205~5.481, p < 0.05)及年龄(OR = 2.570, 95% CI 1.205~5.481, p < 0.05)是发生心血管不良事件的独立影响因素。结论:对于老年SVT患者进行冠脉造影可能会改善其预后。
垂体催乳素腺瘤(prolactin-secreting adenoma, PRLoma)是最常见的功能性垂体腺瘤,约占成人垂体功能性腺瘤的40%,泌乳素微腺瘤较为常见,很少发展为大腺瘤,最大直径大于40 mm的泌乳素巨腺瘤并不常见。本文报道1例43岁男性患者,检查颅脑CT初次发现鼻咽部肿物时显示鼻咽区占位54 mm × 55 mm,已达到泌乳素巨腺瘤标准。本文针对催乳素瘤的诊断、鉴别及治疗策略进行文献回顾。Prolactin-secreting adenoma (PRLoma) is the most prevalent functional pituitary adenoma, accounting for approximately 40% of adult functional pituitary adenomas. Prolactin microadenomas are relatively common and rarely progress into large adenomas. Prolactin giant adenomas with a maximum diameter exceeding 40 mm are infrequent occurrences. In this paper, we present a case study of a 43-year-old male patient diagnosed with a nasopharyngeal mass measuring 54 mm × 55 mm through craniocranial CT scan, which fulfills the criteria for prolactin giant adenoma. This article provides an overview of the literature concerning the diagnosis, differentiation, and treatment of prolactinoma.
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