马尔尼菲篮状菌病(Talaromycosis, TSM)是由马尔尼菲篮状菌(Talaromyces marneffei, TM)引起的一种严重侵袭性播散性真菌病。TM是一种主要流行于东南亚国家及我国南方地区机会性致病菌。近年来随着器官移植的增加,TM感染的报告也越来越多,在长期服用抗排斥药物的肾移植术后患者中,感染人数明显增加。本文报道我院诊治的1例肾移植术后合并马尔尼菲篮状菌败血症的病例,旨在加强此类患者诊治认识。Talaromycosis (TSM) is a severe invasive disseminated fungal disease caused by Talaromyces marneffei (TM). TM is an opportunistic pathogen mainly prevalent in Southeast Asian countries and southern China. In recent years, with the increase of organ transplantation, there have been more and more reports of TM infection. Among kidney transplant patients who have been taking anti rejection drugs for a long time, the number of infections has significantly increased. This article reports a case of a patient in our hospital who developed Talaromycosis septicemia after kidney trans-plantation. The aim is to enhance understanding for diagnosis and treatment of such patients.
自身免疫性胃炎(autoimmune gastritis)又称A型胃炎,是一种主要以胃体萎缩为主要特征的CD4+ T细胞介导的自身免疫性疾病。虽然其临床表现呈现多样化及非特异性,但近些年来我国AIG的发病率并不低。为增加临床医生对自身免疫性胃炎的认识及给临床医生提出诊疗疾病的目标和对策,本文将自身免疫性胃炎的流行病学、发生机理、临床表现、症状和治疗方式做了总结。 Autoimmune gastritis (AIG), also known as type A gastritis, is a CD4+ T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease mainly characterized by atrophy of the gastric body. Although its clinical manifestations are diverse and non-specific, the incidence of AIG in China has not been low in recent years. In order to raise the attention of clinicians to autoimmune gastritis and to provide clinicians with directions and strategies for diagnosis and treatment of this disease, this paper reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapeutic progress of autoimmune gastritis.
缺血性卒中是一种高致残率和致死率的脑血管疾病,早期治疗以溶栓和神经保护为主。神经保护剂可改善溶栓再通引发的缺血再灌注损伤,但因存在脑靶向性不足和作用靶点单一等缺陷,在临床应用中疗效欠佳。聚多巴胺纳米颗粒是一种具有自由基清除、多功能修饰、光热转换等特性的纳米材料,在神经保护、药物靶向、多靶点治疗方面具有独特优势,为突破目前神经保护治疗的局限提供了一个多功能集合平台。本文总结了聚多巴胺纳米颗粒的抗炎抗氧化的神经保护作用,系统阐述了聚多巴胺纳米颗粒通过各种途径促进神经保护剂靶向大脑,并结合其本身的自由基清除功能发挥多靶点治疗,为疗效确切的脑保护治疗方案的开发和应用提供新的策略。Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease with a high disabling and lethal rate, and early treatment is mainly thrombolysis and neuroprotection. Neuroprotective agents can improve ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by thrombolytic recanalization, but they have poor efficacy in clinical application due to shortcomings such as insufficient brain targeting and single target. Polydopamine nanoparticles are nanomaterials with the characteristics of free radical scavenging, multifunctional modification, photothermal conversion, etc., which have unique advantages in neuroprotection, drug targeting, and multi-target therapy, and provide a multifunctional platform for breaking through the limitations of current neuroprotective therapy. In this paper, we summarize the neuroprotective effects of polydopamine nanoparticles on anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and systematically elaborate that polydopamine nanoparticles promote the targeting of neuroprotective agents to the brain through various pathways, and combine their own free radical scavenging functions to exert multi-target therapy, providing a new strategy for the development and application of brain protection therapy regimens with definite efficacy.
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