酒精使用障碍(AUD)是全球范围内普遍存在的棘手问题,也是物质使用障碍中最为常见的类型。在神经影像学技术不断革新的背景下,多种无创成像技术逐渐兴起,它们被广泛应用于探究饮酒者大脑损伤特征、认知功能缺损情况以及成瘾的神经生物学机制。这些技术包括功能磁共振成像(fMRI)、脑电图(EEG),以及具有治疗潜力的经颅磁刺激(TMS)和经颅直流电刺激(tDCS),它们在AUD的诊断、预后评估和治疗中发挥着至关重要的作用。本文系统总结了这些技术的研究应用和相关发现,分析了当前研究的成果及其局限性,并通过整合组内和组间的研究成果,展望了未来研究方向,为更深入的饮酒者研究及治疗提供理论依据和指导。Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a widespread and challenging global issue and the most common type of substance use disorder. With continuous advancements in neuroimaging technologies, various non-invasive imaging techniques have emerged and been widely applied to investigate brain damage characteristics, cognitive deficits, and the neurobiological mechanisms of addiction in drinkers. These techniques include functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), as well as therapeutic potential methods such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). These technologies play a crucial role in the diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and treatment of AUD. This article systematically summarizes the research applications and relevant findings of these techniques, analyzes current research achievements and limitations, and, by integrating within-group and between-group studies, explores future research directions, providing theoretical support and guidance for deeper research and treatment of individuals with AUD.
目的观察冠心病(CAD)患者心外膜脂肪组织(EAT)容积与左心室舒张功能的相关性。方法纳入55例接受冠状动脉CTA的CAD患者,将冠状动脉CTA薄层图像导入GE AW 4.4工作站,手动勾画心包线,测量EAT容积;采用彩色多普勒超声测量舒张早期、舒张晚...
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目的观察冠心病(CAD)患者心外膜脂肪组织(EAT)容积与左心室舒张功能的相关性。方法纳入55例接受冠状动脉CTA的CAD患者,将冠状动脉CTA薄层图像导入GE AW 4.4工作站,手动勾画心包线,测量EAT容积;采用彩色多普勒超声测量舒张早期、舒张晚期经二尖瓣血流峰值流速(E、A)以及舒张早期二尖瓣隔部组织运动峰值速度(Ea),计算E/A和E/Ea值。分析EAT容积与E/A和E/Ea的相关性。结果 CAD患者EAT容积与E/A呈负相关(r=-0.376,P=0.005),与E/Ea呈正相关(r=0.368,P=0.006)相关;校正CAD危险因子后,EAT容积是E/Ea的独立影响因子(b=0.011,t=2.12,P=0.04)。结论 CAD患者EAT容积与左心室舒张功能相关性较好;MDCT定量测量EAT容积对评价左心室舒张功能异常具有重要意义。
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