滨州医学院2012年开设临床医学专业本科教育教学改革试点班，将课程模式由“以学科为主”转变为“以器官系统为中心”（*** based curriculum，OSBC）。OSBC模式的形态学融合教学按照“系统为框架。器官为中心”，将人体解剖学、组织学...
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滨州医学院2012年开设临床医学专业本科教育教学改革试点班，将课程模式由“以学科为主”转变为“以器官系统为中心”（*** based curriculum，OSBC）。OSBC模式的形态学融合教学按照“系统为框架。器官为中心”，将人体解剖学、组织学与病理学三门课程的教学内容进行有机整合，注重形态特点、机能状态与病理改变的内在联系，采用理论实验一体化教学、案例教学、易位式教学及双语教学等多种形式，并运用形成性和终结性相结合的学生学业成绩全过程评定体系和标准，全面评价教学质量。形态学融合教学尚处于探索阶段，存在配套教材不完善、师资素质要求较高等局限性，但已进行的教改实践显示取得较好成效、具有很强的可行性。
Retinal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury is associated with many ocular *** cell death,macrophage infiltration,and oxidative injury are complications in retinal I/R ***(SF),an isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegeta...
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Retinal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury is associated with many ocular *** cell death,macrophage infiltration,and oxidative injury are complications in retinal I/R ***(SF),an isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli,has cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress and its effect is mediated by nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2),a transcription factor,and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),which is one of Nrf2 downstream target *** study was undertaken to investigate the neuroprotective mechanisms of SF in the retina I/R rat ***(12.5mg/kg)or vehicle(corn oil)was intraperitoneally administered once a day for 1 ***,retinal I/R was induced by increasing the intraocular pressure(IOP)to 130 mm Hg for 60 *** specific experiments,protoporphyrin IX zinc(Ⅱ)(Zn PP,30 mg/kg),an HO-1 inhibitor,was intraperitoneally administered at 24 h prior to *** protective effects of SF were evaluated by determining the morphology of the retina,counting the infiltrating inflammatory cells and the surviving retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)and amacrine cells,and measuring apoptosis in the retinal *** expression of Nrf2and HO-1 was examined by immunofluorescence analysis and Western blotting.I/R induced a marked increase of ROS generation,caused pronounced inflammation,increased the apoptosis of RGCs and amacrine cells and caused the thinning of the inner retinal layer(IRL),and these effects were diminished or abolished by SF ***,SF treatment significantly increased the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 and the level of HO-1 expression in the retinas after I/R injury;however,.Zn PP diminished the protective effects of SF on I/R *** results suggested that SF had protective effects on I/R retinas,which were mediated,at least in part,by the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway.
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