红枣作为一种药膳同源果实,在我国已有三千多年历史,其富含多糖、黄酮、多酚、三萜酸等多种生物活性成分,具有抗氧化、抑制炎症、免疫调节、改善肠道菌群及调节糖脂代谢异常等作用。本文对红枣活性成分及其作用与机制研究的最新进展,以及其对心血管代谢性疾病,如动脉粥样硬化、高血压、高血脂以及糖尿病及其并发症的影响进行综述,旨在为红枣的药用开发和临床应用提供参考。Jujube, as a medicinal and dietary cognate fruit, has a history of more than 3000 years in China. It is rich in polysaccharides, flavonoids, polyphenols, triterpene acids and other bioactive components. It has the functions of anti-oxidation, inhibiting inflammation, immune regulation, improving intestinal flora and regulating abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. In this paper, the latest progress of the active ingredients of jujube and their effects and mechanisms, as well as their effects on cardiovascular metabolic diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and its complications were reviewed, aiming to provide references for the medicinal development and clinical application of jujube.
目的:本研究探讨MTHFR基因C677T多态性及同型半胱氨酸与高血压患者血压变异性之间的关系。方法:选取2023年1月至2024年10月期间,前往青岛大学附属医院心内科就诊的101例左心室射血分数正常的原发性高血压患者。采用24动态血压检测仪分别测量患者各血压指标[24 h收缩压(SBP)、24 h舒张压(DBP)、日间平均收缩压(dSBP)、日间平均舒张压(dDBP)、夜间平均收缩压(nSBP)、夜间平均舒张压(nDBP)]、血压变异性指标[24 h收缩压变异系数(SBPV)、24 h舒张压变异系数(DBPV)、日间平均收缩压变异系数(dSBPV)、日间平均舒张压变异系数(dDBPV)、夜间平均收缩压变异系数(nSBPV)、夜间平均舒张压变异系数(nDBPV)]及特殊时间段血压指标(夜间血压下降率及清晨收缩压和舒张压)。于清晨空腹时抽取受试者静脉血样,通过全自动生化分析仪检测受试者的甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-c)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-c)、转氨酶、血清肌酐(Cr)和血糖(空腹) (FBG)水平,并通过PCR荧光法检测MTHFR C677T基因型。根据不同基因型,将受试者分为CC (20例)、CT (58例)和TT (23例)组,以比较各组常规生化指标、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)及动态血压指标差异。此外,对存在叶酸代谢障碍的TT型患者,按推荐剂量服用0.8 mg/天叶酸,连续6个月后再次测量其动态血压指标,以比较应用前后的变化。结果:共纳入符合标准的原发性高血压患者,各组年龄(64.95 ± 9.88 vs. 59.93 ± 11.85 vs. 59.87 ± 7.95, P = 0.175),性别比例(男:45% vs. 44.8% vs. 43.5%,P = 0.993),以及甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)等一般资料均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。然而,与Hcy水平存在显著差异(8.09 (7.66~8.52) vs. 13.00 (11.40~13.90) vs. 21.20 (19.00~22.30), P Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism, homocysteine, and blood pressure variability in patients with hypertension. Methods: A total of 101 patients with primary hypertension and normal left ventricular ejection fraction who visited the Department of Cardiology of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2023 to October 2024 were selected. Blood pressure indicators [24-hour systolic blood pressure (SBP), 24-hour diastolic blood pressure (DBP), daytime average systolic blood pressure (dSBP), daytime average diastolic blood pressure (dDBP), nighttime average systolic blood pressure (nSBP), and nighttime average diastolic blood pressure (nDBP)], blood pressure variability indicators [24-hour systolic blood pressure variability coefficient (SBPV), 24-hour diastolic blood pressure variability coefficient (DBPV), daytime average systolic blood pressure variability coefficient (dSBPV), daytime average diastolic blood pressure variability coefficient (dDBPV), nighttime average systolic blood pressure variability coefficient (nSBP
系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,可引起多器官系统损伤,心脏受累率超过50%,冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)是其常见并发症,患病风险显著高于普通人群。本文报道了一例42岁女性SLE合并不稳定性心绞痛患者。冠状动脉造影显示左前降支及右冠状动脉重度狭窄,术中植入多枚支架并行高压球囊扩张,术后血管通畅,患者恢复良好,随访未发生急性心血管事件。SLE相关CHD的发病机制涉及慢性炎症、免疫异常和传统心血管危险因素协同作用,患者常表现非典型症状,诊断需结合病史、影像学和实验室评估。治疗以控制SLE炎症、预防血栓和管理心血管风险为核心,严重狭窄者可选择经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)。本研究结合病例与文献,强调早期识别、综合评估和多学科协作对改善SLE合并CHD患者预后的重要性。Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause multi-organ system damage, with cardiac involvement reported in over 50% of cases. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a common complication of SLE, with a significantly higher prevalence compared to the general population. This article reports a case of a 42-year-old female patient with SLE complicated by unstable angina. Coronary angiography revealed severe stenosis in the left anterior descending artery and the right coronary artery. Multiple stents were implanted during the procedure, followed by high-pressure balloon dilation. Postoperatively, the blood vessels remained unblocked, the patient recovered well, and no acute cardiovascular events occurred during follow-up. The pathogenesis of SLE-associated CHD involves the interplay of chronic inflammation, immune dysfunction, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Patients often present with atypical symptoms, and diagnosis requires a combination of medical history, imaging, and laboratory evaluations. Treatment focuses on controlling SLE-related inflammation, preventing thrombosis, and managing cardiovascular risks. For severe stenosis, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a viable option. This study integrates case findings with a literature review, highlighting the importance of early recognition, comprehensive evaluation, and multidisciplinary collaboration in improving outcomes for patients with SLE and CHD.
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