在一个2段式生物质热解气化装置上考察了钙基催化吸收剂对玉米秸秆制氢特性的影响,结果表明：CaO添加可原位吸收气化过程中生成的CO_2,强化制氢过程向生成更多H_2的方向移动。当热解气化温度为650℃、S/B为2、CaO/C摩尔比为1时,产气中H_2体积分数从28.7%上升至56.2%,H_2产率则从64.3 m L/g上升至195.8 m L/g,而CO_2体积分数由21.5%下降至1.1%。而且,CaO的CO_2吸收强化性能与气化温度密切相关,在600~700℃范围内,玉米秸秆热解气化可获得很高的H2体积分数和较高的H2产率。以CaO吸收剂为载体进一步引入Ni O活性组分,可降低产气中小分子碳氢气体,提高产气中的H2体积分数和产率。在NiO负载量为10%时,产气中H2体积分数可达63.7%,而H_2产率对比添加CaO时则接近翻倍,达到了341.3 m L/g。
Production o f aromatics from lignin has attracted much attention. Because of the coexistence of C-O and C-C bonds and their complex combinations in the lignin macromolecular network, a plausible roadmap for de...
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Production o f aromatics from lignin has attracted much attention. Because of the coexistence of C-O and C-C bonds and their complex combinations in the lignin macromolecular network, a plausible roadmap for developing a lignin catalytic decomposition process could be developed by exploring the transformation mechanisms of various model compounds. Herein, decomposition of a lignin model compound, 2-phenoxyacetophenone （2-PAP）, was investigated over several ce-sium-exchanged polyoxometalate （Cs-POM） catalysts. Decomposition of 2-PAP can follow two dif-ferent mechanisms： an active hydrogen transfer mechanism or an oxonium cation mechanism. The mechanism for most reactions depends on the competition between the acidity and redox proper-ties of the catalysts. The catalysts of POMs perform the following functions： promoting active hy-drogen liberated from ethanol and causing formation of and then temporarily stabilizing oxonium cations from 2-PAP. The use of Cs-PMo, which with strong redox ability, enhances hydrogen libera-tion and promotes liberated hydrogen transfer to the reaction intermediates. As a consequence, complete conversion of 2-PAP （〉99%） with excellent selectivities to the desired products （98.6% for phenol and 91.1% for acetophenone） can be achieved.
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