When an electronic conductor was placed in a fluid filled channel with an appropriate external electric field,Faradaic reactions could take place at both ends of the conductor,which was called a bipolar electrode.[1]W...
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When an electronic conductor was placed in a fluid filled channel with an appropriate external electric field,Faradaic reactions could take place at both ends of the conductor,which was called a bipolar electrode.[1]We report that conducting objects could be propelled in folded liquid filled channels by bipolar *** approach was based on controlling the formation of hydrogen bubbles at one extremity of a bipolar *** this work,copper wires used as microswommers could move in folded channels with angles from 30° to 180° by bubble propulsion and the velocity fluctuated over time.A proportional relation between polarization voltage and average velocity in linear channel was *** motion of microswimmers could be controlled within these types of channels in space and time,which might broaden the applications of micromachines in bipolar electrochemistry.
When the temperature of organisms dropping to below zero Celsius,extracellular crystals form and the high concentration of electrolyte outside the cell will result in the removal of water from the cell,which is a leth...
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When the temperature of organisms dropping to below zero Celsius,extracellular crystals form and the high concentration of electrolyte outside the cell will result in the removal of water from the cell,which is a lethal factor for *** our surprise,the organism can still alive under extreme condition.
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