Background and Purpose:Stroke is the leading cause of disability with high morbidity worldwide,wherein ischemic stroke accounts for about 90%.Nampt is the rate-limiting enzyme of NAD biosynthesis by synthesizing NMN t...
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Background and Purpose:Stroke is the leading cause of disability with high morbidity worldwide,wherein ischemic stroke accounts for about 90%.Nampt is the rate-limiting enzyme of NAD biosynthesis by synthesizing NMN to maintain NAD homeostasis,which has fundamental role in energy metabolism and biological ***,we explored the potential therapeutic value of
Replenishment of NAD+has been shown to protect against brain disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and ischemic ***,whether this intervention has therapeutic effects in intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) is *** t...
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Replenishment of NAD+has been shown to protect against brain disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and ischemic ***,whether this intervention has therapeutic effects in intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) is *** this study,we sought to determine the potential therapeutic value of replenishment of NAD+in *** a collagenase-induced ICH(cICH) mouse
Autophagy in atherosclerotic plaque macrophage contributes to the alleviation of atherosclerosis through the promotion of lipid metabolism.β-arrestins are multifunctional proteins participating various kinds of cellu...
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Autophagy in atherosclerotic plaque macrophage contributes to the alleviation of atherosclerosis through the promotion of lipid metabolism.β-arrestins are multifunctional proteins participating various kinds of cellular signaling *** we aimed to determine the role of β-arrestins in atherosclerosis and whether autophagy was involved in this ***-/-β-arrestin-1 fl/flLysM-Cre mice was created through bone marrow transplantation for the atherosclerosis model with conditional myeloid knocking out β-*** marrow-derived macrophages(BMDMs)were used for the in vitro *** red O staining was used to detect the lesional area.F4/80,Masson trichrome and picro-Sirius red staining were applied for the determination of plaque ***-time PCR was used for the detection of levels of lipid metabolism-related *** blotting,electron microscopy and tandem fluorescent mRFP-GFP-LC3 plasmid was applied to test autophagy *** found that β-arrestin-1,not β-arrestin-2,was highly increased in expression in plaque macrophage on the occurrence of *** myeloid knocking out β-arrestin-1 largely attenuated plaque formation and *** murine macrophage with lipid loading,knocking down β-arrestin-1 decreased foam cell formation and enhanced the level of cholesterol,while overexpressing β-arrestin-1 led to the reverse *** alleviative effects induced by macrophage β-arrestin-1 in atherosclerosis were involved in autophagy,based on the reduction of autophage level with the knocking down of macrophage β-arrestin-1 and the administration of autophagy inhibitors which largely attenuated the decreasing effect on foam cell *** results demonstrated for the first time that macrophage β-arrestin-1 protected against atherosclerosis through the induction of autophagy.
The brain is the most complex organ in the body with millions of nerve cells connected by billions of *** current understanding of brain is mostly from traditional cell culture,animal models and postmortem ***,the inh...
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The brain is the most complex organ in the body with millions of nerve cells connected by billions of *** current understanding of brain is mostly from traditional cell culture,animal models and postmortem ***,the inherent species differences between humans and animals as well as the gap between organ level and cell level limit our further understanding of ***,based on the self-organization of pluripotent stem cells,3 D neural tissues called brain organoids have been *** recapitulated many key features of human brain and developed various distinct brain regions including retina,dorsal cortex,ventral forebrain,midbrain-hindbrain boundary,choroid plexus,and *** organoid technology as a novel technology has promising prospects in studying brain development,neurological diseases,drug discovery and personalized medicine,regenerative medicine and so ***,we discuss the progress,applications,advantages,limitations and prospects of brain organoid technology in neurosciences and related therapeutics.
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