目的:本研究旨在综述网络认知行为疗法(ICBT)在青少年焦虑和抑郁症患者中的应用及效果,以期为ICBT在国内的推广提供理论依据。方法:通过检索相关文献,分析ICBT在青少年焦虑和抑郁症中的应用现状、疗效和优势,重点关注自助式ICBT、治疗师有限支持的ICBT和混合式ICBT三种干预模式的特点与挑战。结果:文献分析表明,ICBT能够有效减少青少年的焦虑和抑郁症状,尤其在提高心理健康服务的可及性、降低社会污名化以及提供个性化支持方面展现了优势。然而,依从性差、长期效果不明确以及文化适应性问题仍需进一步研究和优化。结论:ICBT作为青少年焦虑抑郁症的有效干预手段,具有广泛的应用潜力。未来需要通过优化ICBT平台设计、加强专业人员培训及提升患者参与度等策略,进一步提升ICBT的应用效果,并推动其在青少年群体中的广泛应用。Objective: This study aims to review the application and efficacy of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (ICBT) in adolescents with anxiety and depression, providing theoretical support for its wider use in China. Methods: A literature review was conducted to analyze the current state, efficacy, and advantages of ICBT for adolescent anxiety and depression. The focus was placed on three intervention models: self-guided ICBT, therapist-supported ICBT, and blended ICBT, highlighting their characteristics and challenges. Results: The analysis revealed that ICBT effectively reduces anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents. It offers advantages such as improving access to mental health services, reducing social stigma, and providing personalized support. However, challenges remain regarding poor adherence, unclear long-term outcomes, and cultural adaptation, which require further study and optimization. Conclusion: ICBT is an effective intervention for adolescent anxiety and depression with significant potential for broader application. Future efforts should focus on optimizing ICBT platform design, enhancing professional training, and increasing patient engagement to improve its efficacy and facilitate its widespread use among adolescents.
运动干预是国际社会实施慢性病防控的重要手段,推进体育与卫生融合是强化基层慢性病管理和健康服务能力的关键举措。然而,当前我国基层慢病管理的体卫融合服务存在民众意识薄弱、专业技术人才不足、服务技术标准缺失、行业壁垒高筑、主体权责不清以及产业发展落后等问题。针对上述问题,本研究提出建立健康教育科普体系、体卫融合复合型人才“职前职后一体化”培养体系、基层慢病管理体卫融合标准体系、基层慢病管理的体卫融合服务“分级诊疗”模式以及强化体卫融合服务产业孵化培育等策略,促进基层慢性病管理的体卫融合服务新模式早日形成。Sports intervention is an important means for the international community to implement chronic disease prevention and control. Promoting integrated sports and health is a key measure to strengthen grassroots chronic disease management and health service capabilities. However, the integrated sports and health services for grassroots chronic disease management in my country have problems such as a lack of health concepts and education, insufficient professional and technical talents, service technical standards missing, high barriers to the industry, rights and responsibilities unclear, and an immature market. To address the above issues, our study proposes to establish a popular science system for health education system, integration of pre-service and post-service education systems, service technical standards of integrated sports and health, graded diagnosis and treatment model of integrated sports and health, industrial incubation and cultivation of integrated sports and health, in order to promote a new model of integrated sports and health service for grassroots chronic disease management is formed as soon as possible.
肌少症是一种进行性、全身性的骨骼肌疾病,主要表现为肌肉质量、力量和躯体功能的加速丧失,与不良结局的增加密切相关,包括跌倒、骨折、虚弱和死亡等。维持性血液透析患者受饮食限制、透析治疗和活动减少等因素的影响,肌肉流失加速,肌少症的发生率增加。本文通过查阅近年来国内外相关文献,对维持性血液透析患者肌少症的生物学标志物进行了一定的总结,旨在为临床早期识别并干预肌少症提供帮助,改善患者预后。Sarcopenia is a progressive, systemic skeletal muscle disease characterized by accelerated loss of muscle mass, strength, and somatic function and is strongly associated with increased adverse outcomes, including falls, fractures, weakness, and death. Maintenance hemodialysis patients suffer from accelerated muscle loss and an increased incidence of sarcopenia due to dietary restrictions, dialysis treatment, and reduced activity. In this paper, by reviewing the relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years, the biological markers of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients have been summarized to some extent, aiming to provide help for the early identification and intervention of sarcopenia in the clinic and to improve the prognosis of patients.
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