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Merge-Weighted Dynamic Time Warping for Speech Recognition

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2014年第6期29卷 1072-1082页

作者：张湘莉兰骆志刚李明 State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology David R.Cheriton School of Computer Science University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada ACM IEEE

Obtaining training material for rarely used English words and common given names from countries where English is not spoken is difficult due to excessive time, storage and cost factors. By considering personal privacy, language- independent （LI） with lightweight speaker-dependent （SD） automatic speech recognition （ASR） is a convenient option to solve tile problem. The dynamic time warping （DTW） algorithm is the state-of-the-art algorithm for small-footprint SD ASR for real-time applications with limited storage and small vocabularies. These applications include voice dialing on mobile devices, menu-driven recognition, and voice control on vehicles and robotics. However, traditional DTW has several lhnitations, such as high computational complexity, constraint induced coarse approximation, and inaccuracy problems. In this paper, we introduce the merge-weighted dynamic time warping （MWDTW） algorithm. This method defines a template confidence index for measuring the similarity between merged training data and testing data, while following the core DTW process. MWDTW is simple, efficient, and easy to implement. With extensive experiments on three representative SD speech recognition datasets, we demonstrate that our method outperforms DTW, DTW on merged speech data, the hidden Markov model （HMM） significantly, and is also six times faster than DTW overall.

关键词： merge-weighted dynamic time warping natural language processing speech recognition and synthesis tem-plate confidence index

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Towards an agent oriented programming language with caste and scenario mechanisms

Towards an agent oriented programming language with caste an...

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4th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi agent Systems, AAMAS 05

作者： Wang, Ji Shen, Rui Zhu, Hong National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing Changsha 410073 China Department of Computing Oxford Brookes University Oxford OX33 1HX United Kingdom

The paper presents an agent-oriented programming language SLABSp. It provides caste and scenario mechanisms in a coherent way to support the caste-centric methodology of agent-oriented software development. It uses caste as a modular facility to organize agents into castes and to represent their structure and behavior characteristics. SLABSp also uses scenarios to define agents' behaviors in the context of environment situations. In the paper, the implementation of the language is briefly described. An example of the program is given to illustrate its programming style. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Computer programming languages

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An energy-efficient scheduling algorithm for sporadic real-time tasks in multiprocessor systems

An energy-efficient scheduling algorithm for sporadic real-t...

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1.th IEEE International Workshop on FTDCS 201., the 8th International Conference on ATC 201., the 8th International Conference on UIC 201. and the 1.th IEEE International Conference on HPCC 201.

作者： Zhang, Dong-Song Chen, Fang-Yuan Li, Hong-Hua Jin, Shi-Yao Guo, De-Ke National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada National Laboratory for Information System Engineering School of Information Systems and Management National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769545387

As the energy consumption of embedded multiprocessor systems becomes increasingly prominent, the real-time energy-efficient scheduling in multiprocessor systems becomes an urgent problem to reduce the system energy consumption while meeting real-time constraints. For a multiprocessor with independent DVFS and DPM at each processor, this paper proposes an energy-efficient real-time scheduling algorithm named LRE-DVFS-EACH, based on LRE-TL which is an optimal real-time scheduling algorithm for sporadic tasks. LRE-DVFS-EACH utilizes the concept of TL plane and the idea of fluid scheduling to dynamically scale the voltage and frequency of processors at the initial time of each TL plane as well as the release time of a sporadic task in each TL plane. Consequently, LRE-DVFS-EACH can obtain a reasonable tradeoff between the real-time constraints and the energy saving. LRE-DVFS-EACH is also adaptive to the change of workload caused by the dynamic release of sporadic tasks, which can obtain more energy savings. The experimental results show that compared with existing algorithms, LRE-DVFS-EACH can not only guarantee the optimal feasibility of sporadic tasks, but also achieve more energy savings in all cases, especially in the case of high workloads. © 201. IEEE.

关键词： Real time systems

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Adaptive simulations of viscous and inviscid detonations in supersonic combustible mixture 52nd

Adaptive simulations of viscous and inviscid detonations in ...

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52nd AIAA/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, 201.

作者： Cai, Xiaodong Liang, Jianhan Deiterding, Ralf Che, Yonggang Science and Technology on Scramjet Laboratory National University of Defense Technology ChangshaHunan410073 China Aerodynamics and Flight Mechanics Research Group University of Southampton Highfield Campus SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory National University of Defense Technology ChangshaHunan410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781624104060

Two-dimensional high-resolution inviscid and viscous detonations were conducted in the supersonic combustible mixture with the open-source program AMROC. The results show that as the grid resolution increases, more small-scale vortices along the slip lines are generated in the inviscid detonation compared with the viscous one. The physical viscosity plays a major role in the whole diffusion effect, indicating that with the increasing of the grid resolution the viscous detonation can become convergent more easily. The diffusion effect brought by the physical viscosity can enhance the mixing of the unburned mixture with the combusted product, hence accelerating the consumption of the unburned reactant and the chemical heat release, and thus finally generating a stronger detonation than the inviscid one. The transverse wave of the viscous detonation can propagate faster, resulting in a lower periodic of the triple point oscillation than that of the inviscid one, mainly owing to the faster heat release resulting from the stronger diffusion effect. It is suggested that the strong diffusion effect involved in the viscous detonation can make a more significant impact on the suppression of the instability in the detonation front, thus eventually generating less triple points than the inviscid one, even with a larger overdrive degree. © 201., American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Detonation

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Collimated electron and proton BEAM from ultraintense laser interaction with a rear hole target

Collimated electron and proton BEAM from ultraintense laser ...

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1.t International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC 201.

作者： Yang, X.H. Ma, Y.Y. Shao, F.Q. Yu, T.P. Yin, Y. Tian, C.L. Kawata, S. Yu, M.Y. Gu, Y.Q. Xu, H. Department of Physics National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China Center for Optical Research and Education Graduate School of Engineering Utsunomiya University 7-1-2 Yohtoh Utsunomiya 321-8585 Japan Department of Physics Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Laser Fusion Research Center China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621000 China National Laboratory Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789290833529

Collimated electron and proton beams from the interaction of an ultra-intense laser pulse with a rear hole target are studied by particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. When an ultra-intense laser pulse irradiates on such a target, the hot electrons from the inner surfaces of the hole expand fast into the hole. However, the electrons at the corners expand slower and are compressed strongly. Then two intense electron jets as well as proton jets are sprayed out from the corners. The jets extend into the hole and focus along the laser propagation axis. The effects of the corner angle on the collimated proton beam are also investigated.

关键词： Hot electrons

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Qualitative action recognition by wireless radio signals in human-machine systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Lv, Shaohe Lu, Yong Dong, Mianxiong Wang, Xiaodong Dou, Yong Zhuang, Weihua National Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology ChangshaHunan China Department of Information and Electronic Engineering Muroran Institute of Technology 27-1 Mizumoto-cho Muroran Hokkaido050-8585 Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooON Canada

—Human-machine systems required a deep understanding of human behaviors. Most existing research on action recognition has focused on discriminating between different actions, however, the quality of executing an action has received little attention thus far. In this paper, we study the quality assessment of driving behaviors and present WiQ, a system to assess the quality of actions based on radio signals. This system includes three key components, a deep neural network based learning engine to extract the quality information from the changes of signal strength, a gradient based method to detect the signal boundary for an individual action, and an activity-based fusion policy to improve the recognition performance in a noisy environment. By using the quality information, WiQ can differentiate a triple body status with an accuracy of 97%, while for identification among 1. drivers, the average accuracy is 88%. Our results show that, via dedicated analysis of radio signals, a fine-grained action characterization can be achieved, which can facilitate a large variety of applications, such as smart driving assistants. Copyright © 201., The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Man machine systems

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A GPU-based parallel WFST decoder on nnet3

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2019年第1期2073卷

作者： Yong Wang Jie Liu Chen Zhou Zhengbin Pang Shengguo Li Chunye Gong Xinbiao Gan Yurong Li 1Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

One performance-intensive part of automatic speech recognition is the weighted finite-state transducer (WFST) decoding. To solve the problem, we expand parallel Graphics {1. Units (GPU) computing to the decoding period. We describe extension work based on Kaldi toolkit for speech recognition research. Our work can support weighted finite-state transducer decoding on Kaldi neural nets with CUDA toolkit. Our paper also expands an efficient parallel Viterbi beam decoding algorithm to decrease the speech recognition Real Time Factor (RTF) value. Together with our optimization algorithm, we have reached 2.3x speed up on the AISHELL corpus decoding. We also implement nnet3 decoder that improves real-time speed up with no word error rate raise.

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Quasimonoenergetic Proton Bunch Generation by Dual-Peaked Electrostatic-Field Acceleration in Foils Irradiated by an Intense Linearly Polarized Laser

引用

Physical Review Letters 2010年第6期105卷 065003-065003页

作者： H. B. Zhuo (卓红斌) Z. L. Chen (陈正林) W. Yu (余玮) Z. M. Sheng (盛政明) M. Y. Yu (郁明阳) Z. Jin (金展) R. Kodama (兒玉了祐) Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 People’s Republic of China Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 People’s Republic of China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics CAS Beijing 100080 People’s Republic of China Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People’s Republic of China Institute for Theoretical Physics I Ruhr University Bochum D-44780 Germany Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan

It is found that stable proton acceleration from a thin foil irradiated by a linearly polarized ultraintense laser can be realized for appropriate foil thickness and laser intensity. A dual-peaked electrostatic field, originating from the oscillating and nonoscillating components of the laser ponderomotive force, is formed around the foil surfaces. This field combines radiation-pressure acceleration and target normal sheath acceleration to produce a single quasimonoenergetic ion bunch. A criterion for this mechanism to be operative is obtained and verified by two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. At a laser intensity of ∼5.5×1.22 W/cm2, quasimonoenergetic GeV proton bunches are obtained with ∼1.0 MeV energy spread, less than 4° spatial divergence, and ∼50% energy conversion efficiency from the laser.

关键词： Germanium compounds

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High-energy-density electron beam from interaction of two successive laser pulses with subcritical-density plasma

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Physical Review Accelerators and Beams 2016年第2期19卷 021301-021301页

作者： J. W. Wang W. Yu M. Y. Yu H. Xu J. J. Ju S. X. Luan M. Murakami M. Zepf S. Rykovanov Helmholtz Institute Jena Jena 07743 Germany State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and the Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Institute for Theoretical Physics I Ruhr University Bochum D-44780 Germany National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN United Kingdom

It is shown by particle-in-cell simulations that a narrow electron beam with high energy and charge density can be generated in a subcritical-density plasma by two consecutive laser pulses. Although the first laser pulse dissipates rapidly, the second pulse can propagate for a long distance in the thin wake channel created by the first pulse and can further accelerate the preaccelerated electrons therein. Given that the second pulse also self-focuses, the resulting electron beam has a narrow waist and high charge and energy densities. Such beams are useful for enhancing the target-back space-charge field in target normal sheath acceleration of ions and bremsstrahlung sources, among others.

关键词： Plasma acceleration & new acceleration techniques

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The Hi-GAL compact source catalogue. I : The physical properties of the clumps in the inner Galaxy (−71.0◦ 67.0◦)

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Elia, Davide Molinari, S. Schisano, E. Pestalozzi, M. Pezzuto, S. Merello, M. Noriega-Crespo, A. Moore, T.J.T. Russeil, D. Mottram, J.C. Paladini, R. Strafella, F. Benedettini, M. Bernard, J.P. Di Giorgio, A. Eden, D.J. Fukui, Y. Plume, R. Bally, J. Martin, P.G. Ragan, S.E. Jaffa, S.E. Motte, F. Olmi, L. Schneider, N. Testi, L. Wyrowski, F. Zavagno, A. Calzoletti, L. Faustini, F. Natoli, P. Palmerim, P. Piacentini, F. Piazzo, L. Pilbratt, G.L. Polychroni, D. Baldeschi, A. Beltrán, M.T. Billot, N. Cambrésy, L. Cesaroni, R. García-Lario, P. Hoare, M.G. Huang, M. Joncas, G. Liu, S.J. Maiolo, B.M.T. Marsh, K.A. Maruccia, Y. Mège, P. Peretto, N. Rygl, K.L.J. Schilke, P. Thompson, M.A. Traficante, A. Umana, G. Veneziani, M. Ward-Thompson, D. Whitworth, A.P. Arab, H. Bandieramonte, M. Becciani, U. Brescia, M. Buemi, C. Bufano, F. Butora, R. Cavuoti, S. Costa, A. Fiorellino, E. Hajnal, A. Hayakawa, T. Kacsuk, P. Leto, P. Li Causi, G. Marchili, N. Martinavarro-Armengol, S. Mercurio, A. Molinaro, M. Riccio, G. Sano, H. Sciacca, E. Tachihara, K. Torii, K. Trigilio, C. Vitello, F. Yamamoto, H. INAF-IAPS via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100 Roma00133 Italy Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Dr. BaltimoreMD21218 United States Astrophysics Research Institute Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool Science Park Ic2 146 Brownlow Hill LiverpoolL3 5RF United Kingdom Aix Marseille Univ. CNRS LAM Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille Marseille France Max-Planck Institute for Astronomy Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Infrared Processing Analysis Center California Institute of Technology 770 South Wilson Ave. PasadenaCA91125 United States Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica Università del Salento Lecce73100 Italy CNRS IRAP 9 Av. colonel Roche BP 44346 Toulouse cedex 4F-31028 France Université de Toulouse UPS-OMP IRAP Toulouse cedex 4F-31028 France Department of Physics Nagoya University Chikusa-ku Nagoya Aichi464-8601 Japan Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Calgary ABT2N 1N4 Canada Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto McLennan Physical Laboratories 60 St. George Street TorontoON Canada School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leeds LeedsLS2 9JT United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University Cardiff WalesCF24 3AA United Kingdom IPAG University Grenoble Alpes Grenoble38000 France AIM Paris-Saclay CEA/IRFU - CNRS INSU - Univ. Paris Diderot Service d’Astrophysique CEA-Saclay Gif-surYvette Cedex91191 France INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo E. Fermi 5 Firenze50125 Italy I. Physik. Institut University of Cologne Zülpicher Strasse Köln50937 Germany European Southern Observatory Karl Schwarzschild str. 2 Garching85748 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 Bonn53121 Germany ASI Science Data centre 00044 Frascati Roma Italy ESA/ESAC PO Box 78 Villanueva de la Cañada Madrid28691 Spain

Hi-GAL is a large-scale survey of the Galactic plane, performed with Herschel in five infrared continuum bands between 70 and 500 &#1.1.m. We present a band-merged catalogue of spatially matched sources and their prop... 详细信息

Hi-GAL is a large-scale survey of the Galactic plane, performed with Herschel in five infrared continuum bands between 70 and 500 µm. We present a band-merged catalogue of spatially matched sources and their properties derived from fits to the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and heliocentric distances, based on the photometric catalogs presented in Molinari et al. (201.a), covering the portion of Galactic plane −71.0◦ 67.0◦. The band-merged catalogue contains 1.0922 sources with a regular SED, 24584 of which show a 70 µm counterpart and are thus considered proto-stellar, while the remainder are considered starless. Thanks to this huge number of sources, we are able to carry out a preliminary analysis of early stages of star formation, identifying the conditions that characterise different evolutionary phases on a statistically significant basis. We calculate surface densities to investigate the gravitational stability of clumps and their potential to form massive stars. We also explore evolutionary status metrics such as the dust temperature, luminosity and bolometric temperature, finding that these are higher in proto-stellar sources compared to pre-stellar ones. The surface density of sources follows an increasing trend as they evolve from pre-stellar to proto-stellar, but then it is found to decrease again in the majority of the most evolved clumps. Finally, we study the physical parameters of sources with respect to Galactic longitude and the association with spiral arms, finding only minor or no differences between the average evolutionary status of sources in the fourth and first Galactic quadrants, or between "on-arm" and "inter-arm" positions. Copyright © 201., The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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