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Novel flow behaviors induced by a solid particle in nanochannels: Poiseuille and Couette

Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第20期59卷 2478-2485页

作者： Cheng-Zhen Sun Wen-Qiang Lu Bo-Feng Bai Jie Liu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

We conducted a molecular dynamics(MD)simulation to address the novel flow behaviors induced by a solid particle in *** basic flows,i.e.,Poiseuille and Couette,are involved in this *** Poiseuille flow,the distribution of number density exhibits fluctuations in the center of channel and near the walls,which are caused by the strong interactions from the atoms of particle and *** stronger external driving forces,the fluid atoms move toward the center of channel and some cavities appear in the fluidic *** external driving forces and bigger particles make the fluid moving quickly in *** Couette flow,the particle rotates under the velocity difference among particle atoms in the shear *** fluid atoms near the walls become infrequent and move to the center of *** velocities of the centrally-located fluid atoms decrease owing to the particle,resulting in an untypical non-linear Couette *** summary,the solid particle brings new fluid–solid interface and interactions,which induce several novel behaviors in nanochannel flows.

关键词：流动行为纳米通道固体粒子 Poiseuille流诱发 Couette流强相互作用固体颗粒

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Simulation of the PHEBUS FPT-1.experiment using MELCOR and exploration of the primary core degradation mechanism

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Annals of Nuclear Energy 2015年 85卷 193-204页

作者： Jun Wang Michael L. Corradini Wen Fu Troy Haskin Yapei Zhang Wenxi Tian Guanghui Su Suizheng Qiu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China College of Engineering The University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison 53706 United States Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Core degradation evaluation of probability, progression and consequences of a core degradation accident is critical for evaluation of risk as well as its mitigation. However, research and modeling of severe accidents to date are limited, and their accuracy in predicting severe accident consequences is still insufficient. It is therefore important to explore the mechanisms of core degradation and to develop mitigation measures for severe accidents. PHEBUS FPT1.is a typical and classic core degradation experiment. MELCOR is a world famous severe accident analysis code developed by Sandia National Lab that has seen wide application, a broad user base, and a number of supporting experiments. The PHEBUS experiment was simulated using MELCOR in this paper. Experimental data on, thermal power and steam mass {1. rates are used to determine average pressure, energy distribution, molten mass, temperature of the fuel, and hydrogen generation. Data from the PHEBUS experiment and Cho’s calculations are used to compare the average pressure, several fuel temperatures and the hydrogen generation rate. The results confirm the validity of MELCOR’s simulation of the PHEBUS experiment. The temperature distribution of the core is provided. These results are used to determine the mode and behavior of core degradation with the intent of building a foundation for further research.

关键词： PHEBUS FPT1 MELCOR Core degradation

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Removal of gaseous elemental mercury and nitrogen oxides in bubbling reactors with sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution

Removal of gaseous elemental mercury and nitrogen oxides in ...

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International Conference on power {1., ICOPE 201.

作者： Li, Na Chen, Lu Zhou, Qulan Shen, Jizhao State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Pow er Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an City Shaanxi Province710049 China Collaborative Research Center for Energy Energy Engineering Institute of Industrial Science University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Japan Yangzhou Chenguang Special Equipment Co. Ltd. Yangzhou225800 China

The conditions for sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution (NaClO(aq)) o xidizing and absorbing gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0(g)) and nitrogen oxides (NOx(g)) were examined. First, some chemical thermodynamic parameters for NaClO(aq) removing Hg0(g) and NOx(g) were calculated, including the standard Gibbs free energy change ΔGθ, standard equilibrium constant Kθ, standard enthalpy change ΔHθ, to theoretically prove the possibility for NaClO(aq) removing Hg0(g) and NOx(g). Next, the idea fo r NaClO(aq) simultaneously removing Hg0(g) and NOx(g) was propounded. And a technical scheme fo r simultaneously removing Hg0(g) and NOx(g) in flue gas was designed. Then, to check the feasibility of this technical scheme, an experiment for NaClO(aq) removing Hg0(g) and NOx(g) was carried out, a mass transfer model based on bubbling reactors for calculating overall mass transfer coefficient was established, the effects of NaClO(aq) concentration, NaClO(aq) temperature, NaClO(aq) pH on Hg0(g) and NOx(g) removal efficiencies and their mass transfer processes were investigated, Hg0(g) and NOx(g) removal processes and mechanisms were analyzed. © 201. The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers.

关键词： Mass transfer

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Improvement on Quantitative Measurement of Fly Ash Contents Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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Journal of flow Control, Measurement & Visualization 2015年第1期3卷 10-21页

作者： Zhenzhen Wang Yoshihiro Deguchi Hiroaki Watanabe Ryoichi Kurose Junjie Yan Jiping Liu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science The University of Tokushima Tokushima Japan Energy Engineering Research Laboratory The Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Kanagawa Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Advanced Research Institute of Fluid Science and Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

Contents of fly ash are important factors for the operation of coal-fired plants. Real-time monitoring of coal and fly ash such as unburned carbon in fly ash can be an indicator of the combustion conditions. Because of the strong signal intensity and the relative simplicity of the LIBS (Laser- Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) technique, LIBS can be applicable for real-time composition measurement of coal and fly ash. This research presented here focused on the clarification of the effects of plasma temperature and coexisting materials on quantitative measurement of fly ash contents. Quantitative capability of LIBS was improved using the proposed plasma temperature correction method. The CO2 effect was also discussed to accurately evaluate unburned carbon in fly ash in exhausts. Using the results shown in this study, quantitative measurement of fly ash contents has been improved for wider applications of LIBS to practical fields.

关键词： Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Fly Ash Temperature Correction CO2 Effect

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Influence of transient thermal response of solid wall on bubble dynamics in pool boiling

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Journal of Computational multiphase {1.s 2014年第3期6卷 313-327页

作者： Zhang, Liang Li, Zhen-Dong Li, Kai Li, Hui-Xiong Zhao, Jian-Fu Beijing100190 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi710049 China Beijing102209 China

Numerical simulation of single bubble pool boiling process including transient thermal response of solid wall is performed using the ghost fluid method and the level set method for the sharp interface representation. The results show that non-physical initial condition in the numerical simulation deeply affects the process of bubble growth, and then multi-cycle simulation is necessary to eliminate its influence. It is shown by the present results that two nucleate criteria, i.e. constant waiting time and constant nucleate superheat, for determining the appearance time for the subsequent bubble lead to the same quasi-steady process of bubble growth if they are matched with each other. A periodically expanding and receding thermal "hollow" can be observed inside solid wall underneath the growing bubble. The recovery of the temperature on the nucleate site and the thermal boundary layer near the heating surface is influenced by transient heat conduction inside solid wall, which can affect evidently bubble thermal dynamics and heat transfer.

关键词： Numerical methods

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Au@SiO_2 core/shell nanoparticle-decorated TiO_2 nanorod arrays for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第18期59卷 2191-2198页

作者： Jianan Chen Miao Yu Yuhao Wang Shaohua Shen Meng Wang Liejin Guo International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology

To improve the separation efficiency of photoinduced charge carries,Au@SiO2nanoparticles(NPs)with core–shell structure were loaded onto the surface of TiO2nanorods grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate by a facile two-step *** resulted Au@SiO2/TiO2photoanodes were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,as well as photoelectrochemical *** with pristine TiO2nanorod film,the Au@SiO2/TiO2films showed remarkable enhancement in photoelectrochemical water splitting,with incident photonto-current conversion efficiency increasing from 31.to37%at 380 nm at 0.7 V versus saturated calomel *** could be interpreted by the effect of metallic surface plasmon resonance of Au@SiO2NPs,which would generate an intense electromagnetic field with spatially nonhomogenous distributed *** a result,the charge carriers generated in the near-surface region of TiO2nanorods could be easily *** modification method based on the effect of metallic surface plasmon resonance for promoted charge carrier separation provides a promising way to develop semiconductor photoelectrodes with high solar water-splitting performance.

关键词：二氧化硅纳米粒子二氧化钛纳米棒电解水表面等离子体共振效应纳米颗粒金属 TiO2薄膜

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Study on ignition delay of multi-component syngas using shock tube

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Canadian Journal of Chemical engineering 2014年第5期92卷 861-870页

作者： Thi, Luong Dinh Zhang, Yingjia Fu, Jin Huang, Zuohua Zhang, Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Combustion and Flow Diagnostics Research Group Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 3JD United Kingdom

Ignition delays of four typical syngas mixtures were investigated using both experimental and simulated methods. The shock tube experiments were conducted behind the reflected shock waves at temperature ranges from 870 to 1.50K, pressures of 0.2, 1.0 and 2.0MPa. Six available kinetic models were evaluated by comparing them to the new ignition delay data obtained. NUIG C3 model was in good agreement with the experimental results. The effect of the pressure on ignition delay of all four syngas mixtures was similar to that of hydrogen. The promoting and inhibiting ignition were experimentally observed at high and moderate temperatures, respectively. Sensitivity analyses were conducted at different temperatures and pressures to identify the dominant elementary reactions in the ignition process of the syngas. The results indicated that the ignition delay was generally most sensitive to the chain branching reaction H+O2=O+OH at both high and low temperatures. Decomposition reaction H2O(+M)=H+OH (+M) was of importance for the syngas with relative inert gas CO2 and N2 at a high temperature. The reaction CO+OH=CO2+H involving CO kinetic dominated the ignition at a high temperature for the syngas with a high CO level. The inhibiting effect of pressure was attributed to the decrease of sensitivity of the reactions H+O2=O+OH and O+H2=H+OH and the increase of sensitivity of the reaction H+O2 (+M)=HO2(+M) at a moderate-low temperature. © 201. Canadian Society for Chemical engineering.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Experimental and modeling study on auto-ignition of DME/ n -butane blends under engine relevant pressure

Experimental and modeling study on auto-ignition of DME/ n -...

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SAE 201. World Congress and Exhibition

作者： Jiang, Xue Zhang, Yingjia Pan, Lun Man, Xingjia Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

In this study, the ignition delay times of DME/n-C4H 1. fuel blends (neat DME, 50/50 and neat n-C4H 1.) diluted with argon were measured behind reflected shock waves. The experiments were performed in the temperature range of 1.50 - 1.00 K, at pressure of 2.0 MPa and equivalence ratios from 0.5 to 2.0. A latest kinetic mechanism NUIG Aramco Mech 1.3 was validated against the present ignition data and used to conducted chemical kinetic analysis. Different equivalence-ratio- dependent was exhibited at different temperature regimes for DME, n-C 4H1., and their blend. Fuel flux analysis, sensitive analysis and mole fraction analysis were carried out for understanding the interaction between the ignition chemistries of DME and n-C4H 1.. Copyright © 201. SAE International.

关键词： Shock waves

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Heat transfer characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel in a horizontal small tube under different pressures 11

Heat transfer characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel in a horiz...

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AIAA AVIATION 201. -1.th AIAA/ASME Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference 201.

作者： Yang, Zhuqiang Bi, Qincheng Guo, Yong Liu, Zhaohui Jiang, Lei State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi' an 710049 China

ISBN: (数字)9781624102813

ISBN: (纸本)9781624102813

Experiments for heat transfer of a kerosene hydrocarbon fuel in a small horizontal tube have been conducted at subcritical and supercritical pressures. Parameters included the pressure of 2.0-5.0 MPa, mass flux of 822-2466 kg/ (m2·s) and heat flux up to 1.00 kW/m2. The wall temperature and heat transfer performance at various operating conditions were captured in the experiments. Based on the results, the normal, improved and deteriorated heat transfer characteristics of the fuel were analyzed in detail. The effects of heat flux, pressure and mass flux on the heat transfer were discussed respectively. The heat transfer performed better when working pressure approached critical pressure. The deterioration in the large change of thermophysical properties region didn't occur at supercritical pressures. In the test, the increase of mass flux could enhance the heat transfer. But the effect of the enhancement decreased with mass flux increase. As to the pressure drop characteristics, low pressure and high mass flux both contributed to the increase of flow resistance.

关键词： Heat flux

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Experimental and modeling study on ignition delay times of dimethyl ether/ n -butane blends at a pressure of 2.0 MPa

Experimental and modeling study on ignition delay times of d...

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作者： Jiang, Xue Zhang, Yingjia Man, Xingjia Pan, Lun Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

In this study, the ignition delay times of dimethyl ether (DME)/n-C 4H1. fuel blends, neat DME, and neat n-C4H 1. diluted with argon were measured behind reflected shock waves. The experiments were performed in the temperature range of 1.00-1.00 K, at a pressure of 2.0 MPa, and equivalence ratios from 0.5 to 2.0. A latest kinetic mechanism NUIG Aramco Mech 1.3 was validated against the measured ignition data and used to conduct the chemical kinetic analysis. Results showed that different equivalence ratio-dependent behaviors were exhibited at different temperature regimes for DME, n-C4H1., and their blend. The ignition delay time of neat n-C4H1. was increased with an increase in the equivalence ratio. A strong inhibiting trend was exhibited at high temperatures. For the neat DME, however, an opposite influencing tendency from the equivalence ratio was presented in comparison to that on n-C 4H1.. Ignition promotion becomes significant at relatively low temperatures. A 50% DME/50% n-C4H1. blend show a combined behavior of both n-butane and DME. Fuel reaction flux analysis, sensitive analysis, and mole fraction analysis were conducted for the understanding of the interaction between the ignition chemistries of DME and n-C4H1. at a pressure of 2.0 MPa. © 201. American Chemical Society.

关键词： Ethers

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