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1.th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 201.

作者： Yang, Meng Tang, Chenglong Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

In this work, the auto-ignition experiments of nitromethane at the low to intermediate temperature, fuel concentration of 2%, pressure of 30 bar and different equivalence ratios have been investigated by using rapid compression machine. The pressure profiles of nitromethane ignition were observed. Results show that a distinct two-stage heat release process is found at ? = 0.5. And multi-stage heat release is also observed with temperature decreasing. Subsequently, the effect of equivalence ratio on the nitromethane ignition is performed. The results show that the dependence of nitromethane ignition on the equivalence ratio is weak. In addition, the experimental data are used to validate the recent developed mechanisms of nitromethane. Relative large deviations are observed between experiments and predictions. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Combustion

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Lattice Boltzmann simulation on adsorption of sulfuric acid vapor by ash particles

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Fuel 2025年 401卷

作者： Jiyun Ren Chongjun Jiang Fangfang Hu Hui Wang Yunhao Shao Xinyu Liu Zhang Wu Feng Pan Qidong Yang Lei Deng Defu Che State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China China University of Petroleum-Beijing Beijing 102249 China China Energy Engineering Group Shaanxi Electric Power Design Institute Co. Ltd. Xi’an 710054 China West Pipeline Company of PipeChina Urumchi 830000 China

In the low-low temperature flue gas systems, sulfuric acid vapor is adsorbed onto the ash particles. Based on the SEM images of ash particles, the OpenCV library in C++ is employed for image binarization, which aids in developing a lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) that incorporates convection–diffusion and surface adsorption. The adsorption process of sulfuric acid vapor by ash particles with different chemical compositions is simulated and evaluated. The results indicate that sulfuric acid vapor exits through the ash particles at 5.1.μs, and stabilizes after 51.μs, reaching a maximum velocity of 0.29 m s –1.. Without chemical additives, the ash particles undergo a rapid adsorption phase within the initial 1.00 μs, achieving nearly 78.92 % saturation with an average adsorption amount of 1.31.mg g –1.. At 1.200 μs, most ash particles approach saturation adsorption, ranging from 1.6 to 1.8 mg g –1.. For all ash particles with added chemical components, adsorption preferentially occurs on the left side at both 5.1.μs and 51.μs. At 51. μs, nearly half of the ash particles with 7.1.% K 2 CO 3 reach adsorption saturation, while approximately one-half of those with 9.2 % Na 2 CO 3 achieve the same. Following the addition of 1..4 % Na 2 CO 3 , smaller ash particles approach saturation at a faster adsorption rate compared to those with 1..2 % K 2 CO 3 , with less than half of the region reaching an adsorption amount of 3.5mg g −1.. At 1.00 μs, the ash particles containing 9.2 % and 1..4 % Na 2 CO 3 , along with 7.1.% and 1..2 % K 2 CO 3 , achieve saturation adsorption amounts of 96.1., 96.73 %, 95.45 %, and 93.87 %, respectively. The adsorption rate is high during the first 1.00 μs but significantly declines after 1.00 μs, nearing saturation by 3000 μs. The addition of 1..4 % Na 2 CO 3 results in porosity of up to 73.65 % and fewer large particles, allowing for faster mainstream velocity and mass transfer within the pores, thereby facilitating the vapor adsorption. By integrat

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PRELIMINARY NEUTRONIC/THERMAL-HYDRAULIC AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF PRESSURIZED WATER REACTOR LOADED WITH FULLY CERAMIC MICROENCAPSULATED FUEL

PRELIMINARY NEUTRONIC/THERMAL-HYDRAULIC AND SAFETY ASSESSMEN...

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2020 International Topical Meeting on Advances in Thermal Hydraulics, ATH 2020

作者： Wu, Di Gui, Minyang Zhang, Dalin Wang, Chenglong Wu, Yingwei Su, G.H. Qiu, Suizheng Tian, Wenxi Yang, Hongfa Peng, Jingyang Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an710049 China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610213 China Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China Beijing100082 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780894487774

As one of the accident tolerant fuels (ATFs), fully ceramic microencapsulated (FCM) fuel shows superior safety performance in accidents, which has the characteristics of high melting point, excellent heat transfer ability and strong nuclear proliferation resistance. Based on the neutronic analysis of Chinese advanced three loop pressurized water reactor (PWR), the assemblies and cores of FCM-SiC and UO2-Zr were designed, power distributions and cycle lengths were obtained, and the power was adjusted to ensure the annual refueling requirements. By using system analysis code, station blackout (SBO) accident in FCM-SiC and UO2-Zr was analyzed, where the steam-driven auxiliary feedwater (AFW) in secondary loop failed to be supplied in time. Assuming that the AFW system couldn't be put into operation immediately after accident, the critical time could be calculated, that is to say, fuel centerline temperature (FCT) and peak cladding temperature (PCT) wouldn't exceed corresponding limits during accident once the AFW was provided within the critical time. It is found that the critical time of FCM-SiC is 9000s and higher than that of UO2-Zr (7000s), which shows the advantages of ATFs. This work could provide reference for the optimized design of the reactor safety system in the future. © ATH 2020 - International Topical Meeting on Advances in Thermal *** rights reserved.

关键词： Silicon carbide

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Exploring Geometric Chirality in Nanocrystals for Boosting Solar-to-Hydrogen Conversion

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第45期136卷

作者： Wenlong Fu Qi Gao Chunyang Zhang Lili Tan Biao Jiang Chengyu Xiao Prof. Maochang Liu Prof. Peng-peng Wang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 PR China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 PR China

Advancing catalyst design is pivotal for the enhancement of photocatalytic processes in renewable energy conversion. The incorporation of structural chirality into conventional inorganic solar hydrogen nanocatalysts promises a significant transformation in catalysis, a feature absent in this field. Here we unveil the unexplored potential of geometric chirality by creating a chiral composite that integrates geometric chiral Au nanoparticles (NPs) with two-dimensional C 3 N 4 nanosheets, significantly boosting photocatalytic H 2 evolution beyond the achiral counterparts. The superior performance is driven by the geometric chirality of Au NPs, which facilitates efficient charge carrier separation through the favorable C 3 N 4 -chiral Au NP interface and chiral induced spin polarization, and exploits high-activity facets within the concave surfaces of chiral Au NPs. The resulting synergistic effect leads to a remarkable increase in photocatalytic H 2 evolution, with an apparent quantum yield of 44.64 % at 400 nm. Furthermore, we explore the selective polarized photo-induced carrier separation behavior, revealing a distinct chiral-dependent photocatalytic HER performance. Our work advances the design and utilization of chiral inorganic nanostructures for superior performance in energy conversion processes.

关键词： Geometric chirality Nanoparticles Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction Chiral effect

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Cyclone separation in a supercritical water circulating fluidized bed reactor for coallbiomass gasification： Structural design and numerical analysis

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Particuology 2018年第4期16卷 55-67页

作者： Guoxing Li Youjun Lu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

A new concept of a supercritical water （SCW） circulating fiuidized bed reactor is proposed to produce hydrogen from coal/biomass gasification. The cyclone is a key component of the reactor system, in this paper, cyclones with a single circular inlet （SCI） or a double circular inlet （DCI） were designed to adapt to the supercritical conditions. We evaluated the separation performance of the two cyclones using numerical simulations. A three-dimensional Reynolds stress model was used to simulate the turbulent {1. of the fluid, and a stochastic Lagrangian model was used to simulate the particle motion. The {1. fields of both cyclones were three-dimensionally unsteady and similar to those of traditional gas-solid cyclones. Secondary circulation phenomena were discovered and their influence on particle separation was estimated. Analyzing the distribution of the turbulence kinetic energy revealed that the most intensive turbulence existed in the zone near the vortex finder while the {1. in the central part was relatively stable. The particle concentration distribution was non-uniform because of centrifugal forces. The distribution area can be divided into three parts according to the motion of the particles. In addition, the separation efficiency of both cyclones increased with the inlet SCaN velocity. Because of its perturbance {1., the DCI separator had higher separation efficiency than the SCI separator under comparable simulations. However, this was at the expense of a higher pressure drop across the cyclone.

关键词： CycloneStructural design Supercritical water-solid flow Separation performance Circulating fluidized bed Computational fluid dynamics

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MHD Simulations Preliminarily Predict The Habitability and Radio Emission of TRAPPIST-1.

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, BoRui Ye, ShengYi Varela, J. Luo, XinYi Department of Earth and Space Sciences Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Institute for Fusion Studies University of Texas AustinTX78712 United States State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Context. As the closest Earth-like exoplanet within the habitable zone of the M-dwarf star TRAPPIST-1. TRAPPIST-1. exhibits a magnetic field topology that is dependent on space weather conditions. Variations in these conditions influence its habitability and contribute to its radio emissions. Aims. Our objective is to analyze the response of different terrestrial magnetosphere structures of TRAPPIST-1. to various space weather conditions, including events analogous to coronal mass ejections (CMEs). We assess its habitability by computing the magnetopause standoff distance and predict the resulting radio emissions using scaling laws. This study provides some priors for future radio observations. Methods. We perform three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the TRAPPIST-1. system using the PLUTO code in spherical coordinates. Assuming TRAPPIST-1. possesses various Earth-like magnetospheres, we analyze the impact of four distinct space weather conditions on its magnetospheric topology. The space weather parameters range from sub-Alfvénic conditions to CMEs. Results. Our analysis indicates that the predicted habitability and radio emission of TRAPPIST-1. strongly depend on the planet’s magnetic field intensity and magnetic axis inclination. Within sub-Alfvénic, super-Alfvénic, and transitional stellar wind regimes, the radio emission intensity positively correlates with both planetary magnetic field strength and axial tilt, while planetary habitability, quantified by the magnetopause standoff distance, shows a positive correlation with magnetic field strength and a negative correlation with magnetic axis tilt. If TRAPPIST-1. possesses a magnetic field strength and axial tilt comparable to Earth’s (∼ 0.32G and ∼ 23.5◦). its magnetosphere can effectively shield the planetary surface from stellar wind erosion even under severe space weather conditions (e.g., CME events). However, for larger axial tilts (∼ 45◦), a stronger planetary magnetic field would be

关键词： Plasma magnetohydrodynamic waves

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Evaluation of R51.A as an environmentally friendly alternative to R1.4a in spray cooling for laser surgery: Heat transfer performance and optimization

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International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2025年 215卷

作者： He, Zhi-Zhong Lin, Xiang-Wei Li, Chen-Xi Kong, Chen Shen, Lin-Xin Zhou, Zhi-Fu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'an710049 China School of Future Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'an710049 China Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Shaanxi Xi'an710049 China

Spray cooling plays a pivotal role in mitigating thermal injuries to the epidermis during laser surgery. However, the widespread use of R1.4a, a refrigerant with a high global warming potential (GWP) of 1.00, poses significant environmental concerns. In this study, R51.A, a more environmental-friendly cryogen with a GWP of 573, is used to investigate the feasibility of replacing R1.4a and the effects of spray height, spurt duration, nozzle orifice diameter, and spray pressure on R51.A spray cooling through a self-built open-loop spray system. Experimental results demonstrate that R51.A exhibits superior cooling performance, achieving a minimum surface temperature (Tmin) 1. °C lower and a maximum heat flux (qmax) 27.5 % higher than R1.4a. Additionally, R51.A offers a broader optimal spray height range (30–50 mm) in which Tmin is 4 °C and 1. °C lower than those at 20 mm and 1. mm, respectively. qmax in this range is 1. % and 1. % higher than those at 20 mm and 1. mm, respectively. While extending the spurt duration consumes more cryogen and prolongs the liquid film lifetime, the differences in Tmin and qmax are less than 4 °C and 1. kW/m2. With the nozzle orifice increasing from 0.6 mm to 1.0 mm, Tmin remains approximately −42 °C but qmax gradually increases by 6 kW/m2. Macroscopic analysis reveals that higher spray pressure induces a more dispersive spray, though this does not significantly improve cooling efficiency. To advance the understanding of R51.A spray cooling dynamics, a dimensionless correlation was developed to predict the dynamic heat transfer coefficient across diverse conditions. This study not only highlights the potential of R51.A as a sustainable alternative but also provides critical insights into optimizing spray cooling parameters for enhanced thermal management in laser surgery. © 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS

关键词： Chilling

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Curvature-property coupling governed heat transfer deterioration in supercritical helically coiled tubes: Mechanistic insights and mitigation strategies via structural parametrization

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International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2025年 215卷

作者： Chang, Fucheng Xin, Jiaxing Wu, Xiaoyi Li, Liwei Li, Huixiong Zhu, Yanlin National Key Lab of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China China Special Equipment Testing and Research Institute Beijing100029 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute Co. Ltd Shanghai200233 China

The unique thermo-hydrodynamic coupling phenomena in the helically coiled tube (HCT) handling supercritical fluids present both opportunities and challenges for next-generation compact heat exchangers. While the pronounced thermophysical property variations near pseudo-critical temperatures (Tpc) and curvature-induced secondary flows synergistically enhance heat transfer coefficient (HTC), their nonlinear coupling mechanisms may unexpectedly provoke severe heat transfer deterioration (HTD). Through systematic numerical investigations, this study reveals that circumferential wall temperature inhomogeneity (CWTI) exhibits an inverted N-shaped evolution, providing valuable insights for thermal homogenization design near Tpc. The secondary flow Reynolds number (Se), quantifying secondary flow intensity, shows a monotonic increase with decreasing coil diameter (Dc) or inner diameter (Di), reaching saturation in high-enthalpy regions. Notably, CWTI demonstrates non-monotonic behavior, achieving minimum values near Tpc before manifesting distinct rebound characteristics near Tpc conditions. Parametric analysis establishes that: (1. Elevating heat flux (q) increases Se, reducing Dc boosts it by 50.3 %, and decreasing Di raises it by 60.0 %. (2) HTD predominantly initiates at the outer wall under high-q conditions, with Dc reduction achieving HTD suppression and 26.9 % enhancement in the local HTC;(3) Reducing the Di results in a reduction of maximum CWTI by 22.5 %–28.6 %, suggesting that structural parametrization effectively mitigates wall temperature non-uniformity, thus suppressing the HTD. While centered on supercritical water, the dimensionless scaling relationships demonstrate extendibility to other media, with the curvature-property coupling mechanism both elucidating fundamental interactions and guiding robust heat exchanger design. © 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS

关键词： Electric heating

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Particle-Scale Modelling of Injected Hydrogen and Coke Co-Combustion in the Raceway of an Ironmaking Blast Furnace

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Dianyu, E. Zhou, Peng Ji, Langyong Cui, Jiaxin Xu, Qiang Guo, Liejin Yu, Aibing International Institute for Innovation Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou341000 China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Simulation and Modelling of Particulate Systems Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou341000 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China ARC Research Hub for Computational Particle Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Monash University VIC3800 Australia Centre for Simulation and Modelling of Particulate Systems Southeast University Monash University Joint Research Institute Suzhou215123 China

Hydrogen is an environmentally friendly fuel that does not produce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Its applications have attracted significant attention from many industries, especially the ironmaking industry, which consumes massive amounts of fossil energy. The injection of hydrogen into a blast furnace (BF) is one of the most promising low-carbon ironmaking routines. In this study, an experimentally validated CFD-DEM model is adopted to investigate the dynamics, microstructure and thermochemical behaviours in the raceway of a BF with hydrogen injection operations (HIOs), which include raceway evolution, force distribution and the co-combustion characteristics of hydrogen and coke. Some significant features are obtained through comparison analyses between HIOs and air injection operations (AIOs). In particular, the effects of the hydrogen injection concentration on the raceway size, gas temperature and components are studied. The simulation results show that a smaller raceway is formed under HIOs in comparison with that of AIOs. In addition, the gas temperature is higher near the tuyere but lower along the tuyere axis, and the oxygen consumption is larger and produces more CO. As the hydrogen injection concentration increases: (i) the raceway size and gas temperature decrease;(ii) the CO is generated at the early stage and the maximum CO2 concentration moves to inlet direction along the tuyere axis. The results provide insights on the fundamental understanding of low-carbon ironmaking BF technology. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blast furnaces

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Theoretical and experimental analyses of a novel recirculated regenerative rotary desiccant wheel dehumidification system 32

Theoretical and experimental analyses of a novel recirculate...

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32nd International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, ECOS 201.

作者： Han, Xiaoqu Wu, Wenxiang Zhou, Zhijie Wang, Yu Chong, Daotong Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China China Ship Development and Design Center Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9788361506515

The high humidity environment in the submarine cabins results in high energy consumption of the air conditioning system. Moreover, the removal of the hydrogen contained in the air, which constitutes a threat to crew’s safety, generates a huge amount of heat. It is of particular significance to reduce the humidity of the air efficiently, through recovery of the waste heat in the dehydrogenation process. Therefore, a novel recirculated regenerative desiccant wheel dehumidification system is proposed in the present work for submarine air-conditioning. The dehumidification rate was optimized through an appropriate proportion between inlet and recirculating air flows. Theoretical modeling and experimental study were carried out to explore the optimal dehumidification performance at different working conditions. The influence of process air parameters (including temperature and humidity), regeneration air parameters (including bypass ratio and regeneration air temperature) and rotary desiccant wheel parameters (including rotation speed and air flow ratio) were analyzed. It was found that the dehumidification rate could be effectively improved compared to sea water direct cooling. It increased with increasing regeneration air temperature and temperature drop. There was an optimal bypass ratio for the system, around 55%-70%, to obtain the highest dehumidification rate. The ratio increased with the regeneration air temperature. There existed an optimal rotary speed (approx. 1. r·h-1. and optimal air flow ratio (approx. 70%). Overall, the feasibility of the proposed system was validated and the dehumidification characteristics at various working conditions were demonstrated to prompt its application. © ECOS 201. - Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems. All rights reserved.

关键词： Air conditioning

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