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Adsorption and Agglomeration Characteristics of Ash Particles after Reducing Flue Gas Temperature below the Acid Dew Point

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Energy Procedia 2017年 142卷 3301-3306页

作者： Yu Yan Ke Sun Yun Sun Yubo Zhang Junwen Guo Lei Deng Defu Che State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Hangzhou 310030 China Ningxia Electric Power Research Institute Ningxia 750002 China Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Xi’an 710054 China

In order to develop suitable low-low temperature flue gas system for China and determine its operation parameters, the adsorption characteristics of ash particles for sulfuric acid mist need to be investigated, as well as the adhesion characteristics of ash particles after the adsorption. In this paper, experiments were conducted on a laboratory-scale fixed bed adsorption reaction system. The adsorption characteristic curves of different particle sizes and adsorption temperature were obtained. The results show that adsorption temperature has a larger influence on the adsorption process compared with particle size. And there exists an adsorption limit in the adsorption process. In addition, the ultimate D/S (D p /S p ) of ash particle is defined, which means the ratio of ash particle weight (mg) to adsorbed H 2 SO 4 weight (mg) when ash particle reaches the adsorption limit. It is an inherent attribute of ash particle, only influenced by the particle constituents and sizes, representing the ultimate adsorption capacity of ash particle for sulfuric acid. The experiment results show that the chemical constituents of ash are the main determinate factors of adsorption limit and the D p /S p . And the D p /S p could be used cooperatively with D/S when people design the parameters of low-low temperature flue gas system for different types of coal. Furthermore, there was a significant agglomeration phenomenon between ash particles after the adsorption reaction, and it can increase the average size of particles which is conducive to the removal of PM.

关键词： Low-low temperature flue gas system sulfuric acid mist adsorption characteristics agglomeration Characteristics

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Inuence of Nozzle Type on Spray Characteristics and Surface Heat Transfer in Cryogen Spray Cooling

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Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of engineering Thermophysics 2017年第12期38卷 2646-2650页

作者： Wang, Rui Yang, Tao Zhou, Zhi-Fu Chen, Bin Wang, Guo-Xiang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Cryogen spray cooling has been applied to protect epidermis from thermal damage in laser dermatology. However, present clinical application suffers insufficient cooling capacity and non-uniform surface cooling. In present paper, the comparison research of nozzle type is conducted to investigate its influence on spray characteristics and surface heat transfer in cryogen spray cooling. The results show that the substitution of expansion-chambered nozzle or two-phase nozzle may improve therapy outcomes for their high cooling efficiency and precise cooling control. © 201., Science Press. All right reserved.

关键词： Cooling

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Sodium-Ion Batteries: Carbon-Based Alloy-Type Composite Anode Materials toward Sodium-Ion Batteries (Small 22/201.)

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Small 2019年第22期15卷

作者： Guorui Yang P. Robert Ilango Silan Wang Muhammad Salman Nasir Linlin Li Dongxiao Ji Yuxiang Hu Seeram Ramakrishna Wei Yan Shengjie Peng Department of Chemistry School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China Department of Environmental Science & Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117574 Singapore Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland QLD 4072 Australia

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Coupled neutronics/thermal-hydraulics and safety characteristics of liquid-fueled Molten Salt Reactors

Coupled neutronics/thermal-hydraulics and safety characteris...

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作者： Qiu, S. Zhang, D. Liu, L. Liu, M. Xu, R. Gong, C. Su, G.H. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Molten salt reactor (MSR) as one candidate of the Generation IV advanced nuclear power systems is attracted more attention in China due to its top ranked fuel cycle and thorium utilization. The MSRs are characterized by using liquid-fuel, which offers complicated coupling problem of neutronics and thermal hydraulics. In this paper, the fundamental model and numerical method are established to calculate and analyze the safety characteristics for liquid-fuel MSRs. The theories and methodologies are applied to the MOSART concept. The liquid-fuel {1. effects on neutronics, reactivity coefficients and three operation parameters' influences at steady state are obtained, which provide the basic information for safety analysis. The unprotected loss of {1. transient is calculated, the results of which shows the inherent safety characteristics of MOSART due to its strong negative reactivity feedbacks. © Carl Hanser Verlag, München.

关键词： Molten salt reactor

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Connectivity control of effective sorption capacity and kinetics in heterogeneous porous media

Connectivity control of effective sorption capacity and kine...

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第一届全国水处理与回用学术会议

作者： Li Wang Hang Wen Li Li Department of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering Penn State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Penn State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

This work examines the effects of spatial heterogeneity in regulating Cr(Ⅵ)sorption under different geostatistical characteristics and spatial scale *** flow-through experiments in heterogeneous columns of 0.1.meters have shown that sorption in heterogeneous media can be characterized by three effective quantities: sorption capacity(Csc,m),early-stage fast sorption rate(kc1.,and late-stage slow sorption rate(kc2).Two-dimensional reactive transport models are developed by calibrating these data from these columns of different illite distribution patterns and permeability contrasts between illite and quartz *** models were further run in geostatistical fields of different permeability variance(σ2lnκ,0.2 and 4.5)and length scale(0.1.to 1.0 m)conditions to quantify their role in determining effective sorption capacity and *** results indicate that in highly-connected columns with high permeability variance and long s,Cr(Ⅵ)-containing flow travels mostly through the high permeability,non-sorbing quartz *** therefore occurs mostly at the illite-quartz *** capacity and early fast rates(kc1.therefore depend strongly on the connectivity and properties that control advective transport of the *** longer time scales,diffusive transport determines the late-stage slow rates(kc2)and the breakthrough tailing,which depend less on connectivity and more on the size of the low-permeability illite zones and transverse dispersivity α*** to homogeneous columns of the same illite content,highly-connected patterns can reduce effective sorption capacity by up to a factor of 6.7,fast sorption rates by a factor of 25.0,and slow sorption rate by a factor of more than 2.0 orders of *** the domain length increases,the effects of spatial heterogeneities on sorption capacity and early stage fast sorption rates diminish due to longer length scales for mixing;these effects however persist for the late-stage slow sorp

关键词： connectivity sorption capacity spatial heterogeneity length scales reactive transport modeling

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Carbon Exergy Footprint to Evaluate the Greenhouse Impact of Operating Units

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Energy Procedia 2017年 105卷 3179-3184页

作者： Zhen Qin Xiaomei Wu Zaoxiao Zhang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi’an 710049 P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi’an 710049 P.R. China

Increasingly serious global warming caused by greenhouse gases has urged more and more focus on the sustainability. Exergy and carbon footprint are generally considered as two separate indicators to assess the greenhouse effect and sustainability of industrial production. In this paper we propose carbon exergy footprint (CEF) for quantitatively associating carbon footprint with exergy to evaluate the greenhouse effect of operating units. The indicator synthesizes the advantages of exergy and carbon footprint. Specific physical meaning for this novel indicator is illustrated on the basis of the second law of thermodynamics and life cycle assessment. The process of water-gas shift is chosen as the case for elaborating the behavior of CEF. Results show that CEF is competent for the objective evaluation for the greenhouse effect of the operating units. Additionally, CEF also maintains consistency with the conventional exergy analysis in terms of sustainability.

关键词： Carbon exergy footprint operating unit greenhouse impact indicator

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Overall Mass Transfer Coefficient of CO 2 Absorption in a Diameter-varying Spray Tower

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Energy Procedia 2017年 114卷 1665-1670页

作者： Xiaomei Wu Min He Yunsong Yu Zhen Qin Zaoxiao Zhang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi’an 710049 P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi’an 710049 P.R. China

The application of spray towers for CO 2 capture is a development trend in recent years. However, most of the previous jobs were conducted in a cylindrical tower by using a single spray nozzle, whose configuration and performance is not good enough for industrial application. To solve this problem, the present work proposed a diameter-varying spray tower and a new spray mode of dual-nozzle opposed impinging spray to enhance the absorption performance of CO 2 spray absorption process. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of varies operating parameters on the overall mass transfer coefficient in various operating conditions. Experimental results showed that liquid to gas ratio and mole ratio of MEA to CO 2 are key factors which affect the performance of CO 2 absorption process and the maximum overall mass transfer coefficient for the diameter-varying dual-nozzle opposed impinging spray tower is 0.4773 kmol·m -3 ·h -1.·kPa -1..

关键词： CO 2 capture diameter-varying spray tower overall mass transfer coefficient absorption performance

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Numerical simulation of complex membrane characteristics of elastic capsules

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Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of engineering Thermophysics 2016年第2期37卷 337-341页

作者： Luo, Zheng-Yuan Bai, Bo-Feng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Dynamics of elastic capsules (elastic membrane enclosing viscous fluid) under flow, which is determined by membrane mechanical characteristics, significantly influence mass transfer across the capsule membrane. Based on front tracking method, a three-dimensional model with considering membrane elasticity and bending resistance was developed to study the effect of bending resistance on the capsule deformation and membrane tensions. It is found that as the bending resistance increases, both the capsule deformation and membrane tensions decrease. Besides, the inclusion of bending resistance inhibits the formation of membrane buckles, thus enhances the membrane stability of capsules. © 201., Science Press. All right reserved.

关键词： Membranes

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Research progress concerning turbulent drag reduction of surfactant solution

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Huagong Jinzhan/Chemical Industry and engineering Progress 2016年第6期35卷 1660-1675页

作者： Wei, Jinjia Huang, Chonghai Xu, Na State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'anShaanxi710049 China

In turbulent flow drag reduction applications, surfactant additive is more applicable than polymer for the flow with high shear or in the closed circulation system due to its reversible mechanical degradation advantage. However, there is not enough understanding of the complicated rheology and drag-reduction mechanism of surfactant solution, limiting its practical application in the drag reduction field. This review introduces the research progress of surfactant drag reduction conducted by the authors in recent years on microstructure, complicated rheology characteristics, turbulent structure, as well as their relations with drag reduction and heat transfer, and analyzes the combined drag reduction effect of surfactant additives in the flow and microgroove fabricated on the wall. The stretch devices can significantly improve the heat transfer performance of surfactant drag-reducing flow with a lower pressure loss penalty. To the shortages of present surfactant drag reduction research, several suggestions are given for the future study. The first is to develop environmentally friendly and effective surfactant, the second is optimal design and layout of heat transfer enhancement device for drag-reducing flow, the third is the study on synergetic effect of drag reduction by combing surfactant drag reduction and other drag-reducing ways, and the final one is practical industrial application research on the scale-up, anticorrosion and persistence effect of surfactant drag reduction. © 201., Chemical Industry Press. All right reserved.

关键词： Heat transfer

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in Asia

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Frontiers of physics 2016年第6期11卷 231-255页

作者： Zhen-ZhenWang Yoshihiro Deguchi Zhen-Zhen Zhang Zhe Wang Xiao-Yan Zeng Jun-Jie Yan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science Tokushima University Tokushima 770-8501 Japan State Key Lab of Power Systems Department of Thermal Engineering Tsinghua-BP Clean Energy Center Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan ~3007~ China

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an analytical detection technique based on atomic emission spectroscopy to measure the elemental composition. LIBS has been extensively studied and developed due to the non-contact, fast response, high sensitivity, real-time and multi-elemental detection features. The development and applications of LIBS technique in Asia are summarized and discussed in this review paper. The researchers in Asia work on different aspects of the LIBS study in fundamentals, data processing and modeling, applications and instrumentations. According to the current research status, the challenges, opportunities and further development of LIBS technique in Asia are also evaluated to promote LIBS research and its applications.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) quantitative analysis signal enhancement applications challenges

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