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Risk assessment and management of radionuclide leakage in nuclear power plants

National Science Open 2025年第1期4卷 75-100页

作者： Boyang Huang Yuxin Liu Xiaoyan Sun Lei Huang Shipeng Dong Liang Mao State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentChemistry and Biomedicine Innovation CenterNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Nanjing Qixia District Hospital Nanjing 210023China

Nuclear power plants are designed with stringent safety measures to prevent accidents and radioactive ***,major accidents like the Three Mile Island(1.79),Chornobyl(1.86),and Fukushima Daiichi(201.)have sig-nificantly impacted human health,the environment,and public perception of nuclear *** during normal operation,nuclear power plants release effluents that can have some impact on the *** effluents are carefully monitored and regulated to minimize their environmental *** releases have potential long-term consequences for human health and the *** mitigate the risks of accidents and the environmental impact of normal operation,continued focus on nuclear safety,rigorous regulatory oversight,and improved emergency response measures are *** behavior and impact of radionuclides in the environment,models and methods for simulating the transport and deposition of radio-nuclides in the atmosphere and ocean,toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic studies to predict the potential impacts of radionuclide releases and support risk management decisions,and environmental monitoring and control technology of nuclides,et al are *** article aims to provide an overview of the importance of environmental toxicology in radioactive risk as-sessment and management,discuss the unique challenges associated with monitoring and remediating radioactive releases,and suggest future research directions.

关键词： radionuclide leakage nuclear power plants risk assessment environmental toxicology remediation methods

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Efficient removal of algae and turbidity from water by a composite coagulant composed of a cationic starch and attapulgite

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第12期65卷 2979-2989页

作者： JIN JiaSheng XIA Wei HU Pan YANG Hu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Quanzhou Institute for Environmental Protection Industry Nanjing UniversityQuanzhou 362000China

Algae and suspended colloidal particles produced high turbidity in water,weakened water purification,and threatened the safety of the water *** this study,a series of composite coagulants(atp-st-CTA)composed of a cationic starch(st-CTA)and attapulgite(ATP)with different fed mass ratios were fabricated by a simple method to coagulate kaolin suspension with initial turbidity of 80.0 NTU and Chlorella suspension with 0.25 mg/L of chlorophyll a(chla),*** transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy investigated the structural characteristics of *** maximum turbidity and chla removal rates of atp-st-CTA were 92.2%and 1.0.0%,respectively,at natural pH *** effects of the fed mass ratio of st-CTA to ATP in the composites,dose,pH,and coexisting humic acid on the coagulation performance of atp-st-CTA were comprehensively *** on the apparent coagulation behaviors,the zeta potentials of the supernatants after coagulation,and the flocs properties,the coagulation mechanisms of atp-st-CTA were discussed in *** complete charge neutralization due to st-CTA and the enhanced sedimentation by ATP synergistically removed turbidity and algae from the water *** short,atp-st-CTA as a talented material has a notable prospect in applications of water treatment owing to its advantages of environmental friendliness,low cost,and high efficiency.

关键词： composite coagulant cationic starch attapulgite turbidity removal algae removal coagulation mechanism

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Synergistic enhancement of pollutant removal from high-salt wastewater using coagulation-flotation combined process

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Green Chemical Engineering 2025年第3期6卷 410-419页

作者： Enze Li Jing Dong Yongsheng Jia Zihe Pan Hongzhou Lv Zhiping Du Guandao Gao Fangqin Cheng Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste ResourcesShanxi Laboratory of Yellow RiverShanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006China School of Environmental Science&Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China

Sufficient treatment of industrial organic wastewater with high salt and large amounts of suspended particulate matter remains a challenge *** this work,a novel coagulation-flotation combined process was developed to treat the suspended particles as well as significantly reduce organic pollutants content in the actual high-salt organic *** typical inorganic and organic flocculants(poly aluminum chloride(PAC),poly ferric sulfate(PFS),polyacrylamide(PAM),and modified cationic starch(CS))were selected for compounding to obtain an optimized flocculation system for high-salt *** results showed that the PAC-PAM with a 1.:1.ratio in mass exhibited the best coagulation behaviors with the removal efficiency of turbidity and chemical oxygen demand(COD)being 95.33%and 9.21.,respectively,under the optimal operation conditions,and the sedimentation process of coagulant conformed to the quasi-second-order *** PAC-PAM flocs exhibited stronger netting,sweeping,and adsorption bridging capabilities,which were conducive to removing suspended *** the flotation was conducted after coagulation,the COD decreased significantly by 20.82%.In addition,this combined process could reduce the treatment time by 50%compared to the process with only coagulation *** the flotation process,floc particles companies with hydrophobic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons could collide and adhere to microbubbles and be floated to the surface,resulting in an effective reduction of *** work could provide a novel strategy and step forward to design and optimize the pretreatment process engineering for organic high-salt wastewater.

关键词： High-salt organic wastewater Coagulation-flotation combined process Sedimentation kinetics Bubble-floc aggregate

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ENHANCING RAINFALL-RUNOFF pollution MODELING BY INCORPORATION OF NEGLECTED PHYSICAL PROCESSES

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第4期10卷 553-565页

作者： Mingjin CHENG Xin LIU Han XIAO Fang WANG Minghao PAN Zengwei YUAN Hu SHENG State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Lishui Institute of Ecology and Environment Nanjing UniversityNanjing 211200China

The growing need to mitigate rainfall-runoff pollution,especially first flush,calls for accurate quantification of pollution load and the refined understanding of its spatial-temporal *** wash-off model has advantages in modeling rainfall-runoff pollution due to the inclusion of two key physical processes,build-up and ***,this disregards pollution load from wet precipitation and the relationship between rainfall and runoff,leading to uncertainties in model *** study integrated the Soil Conservation Service curve number(SCS-CN)into the wash-off model and added pollutant load from wet precipitation to enhance the rainfall-runoff pollution *** enhanced wash-off model was validated in a typical rural-residential *** results showed that the model performed better than the established wash-off model and the commonly-used event mean concentrations method,and identified two different modes of pollution characteristics dominated by land pollution and rainfall pollution,*** addition,the model simulated more accurate pollutant concentrations at *** this,it was found that 1.%of the total runoff contained 80%to 95%of the total load for chemical oxygen demand,total N,and total P,whereas it contained only 1.%of the total load for NH4+-*** enhanced model can provide deeper insights into non-point pollution mitigation.

关键词： Erhai Lake field experiment non-point source pollutionn load rainfall runoff wash-off model

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Steam disinfection enhances bioaccessibility of metallic nanoparticles in nano-enabled silicone-rubber baby bottle teats,pacifiers,and teethers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 161-171页

作者： Yu Su BinWang Xin Tong Shuchuan Peng Sijin Liu Baoshan Xing Rong Ji State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Nano-enabled silicone-rubber articles for feeding or chewing could be a source of metallic nanoparticles(NPs)directly exposed to infants and young ***,the impact of steam disinfection on release of NPs and the related potential risks to children's health are ***,we investigated contents and form of Ag and Zn in 57 nano-enabled silicone-rubber baby bottle teats,pacifiers,and teethers of seven countries and examined the impacts of steam disinfection on in vitro bioaccessibility(IVBA)of Ag and Zn in the *** 89%articles had a mixture of Ag-and Zn-containing NPs and the teethers had relatively high Ag and Zn contents(up to 501.and 254μg/g,respectively).Steam disinfection caused rubber decomposition into micro(nano)plastics(0.54-1..7μm)and NP release from the interior of bulk rubber and micro-sized plastics,thus enhancing the IVBA of Ag and Zn by up to 5.5 *** findings provide insights into mechanisms for NP release by steam *** oral exposure risk assessment suggested low health concerns on individual metal release,our study points out the need to assess the potential health risks of child co-exposure to metallic NPs and micro(nano)plastics.

关键词： Silicone rubber Metallic nanoparticles Micro(nano)plastics Bioaccessibility Children's health

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Simple fabrication of carboxymethyl cellulose and k-carrageenan composite aerogel with efficient performance in removal of fluoroquinolone antibiotics from water

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第10期16卷 105-118页

作者： Na Li Boqiang Gao Ran Yang Hu Yang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Environmental Science School of Tropical and Laboratory MedicineHainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199China

3D composite aerogels(CMC-CG)composed of carboxymethyl cellulose andκ-carrageenan were designed and fabricated using the one-pot synthesis *** optimized CMC-CG showed a good mechanical property and a high swelling ratio due to its superior textural properties with a proper chemically cross-linked interpenetrating network ***-CG was utilized for the removal of various fluoroquinolones(FQs)from water and exhibited high adsorption performance because of effective electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding ***(CIP),a popular FQ,was used as the *** optimized CMC-CG had a theoretically maximal CIP uptake of approximately 1.271.mmol/g at the pH of *** adsorption capacity of CMC-CG was improved in the presence of some cations,Cu2+and Fe3+ions,at a low concentration through the bridging effect but was reduced at a high *** investigation of adsorption mechanisms,based on the adsorption kinetics,isotherms and thermodynamic study,Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses before and after adsorption,and changes in the adsorption performance of CMC-CG toward two molecular probes,further indicated that electrostatic attraction was the dominant interaction rather than hydrogen bonding in this ***-CG after saturated adsorption of CIP could be easily regenerated using a dilute NaCl aqueous solution and reused ***,the disused aerogel could still be reused as a new adsorbent for effective adsorption of Cu2+***,this study suggested the promising applications of this composite aerogel as an eco-friendly,cost-effective,and recyclable adsorbent for thie efficient removal of FQs from water.

关键词： Composite aerogel of carboxymethy lcellulose andκ-carrageenan Fluoroquinolone antibiotics Adsorption performance Coexisting substances Adsorption mechanism Reusability

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Screening of indicator pharmaceuticals and personal care products in landfill leachates: a case study in Shanghai, China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第9期17卷 245-256页

作者： Xiping Kan Xia Yu Wentao Zhao Shuguang Lyu Shuying Sun Gang Yu Qian Sui State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology Beijing Normal University at ZhuhaiZhuhai 519087China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Identifying potential sources of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)in the environment is critical for the effective control of PPCP *** leachate is an important source of PPCPs in water;however,it has barely been involved in source apportionment due to the lack of indicator-PPCPs(i-PPCPs)in landfill *** study provides the first systematic framework for identifying i-PPCPs for landfill leachates based on the wide-scope target monitoring of *** number of target PPCPs increased from<20 in previous studies to 68 in the present ***-nine PPCPs were detected,with median concentrations in leachate samples ranging from below the method quantification limit(MQL)to 41.g/L,and 1. of them were rarely reported previously.A total of 29 target compounds were determined to be PPCPs of high concern by principal component analysis according to multiple criteria,including occurrence,exposure potential,and ecological *** with source-specificity and representativeness analysis,erythromycin,gemfibrozil,and albendazole showed a significant difference in their occurrence in leachate compared to other potential sources(untreated and treated municipal wastewater and livestock wastewater)and correlated with total PPCP concentrations;these were recommended as i-PPCPs for *** screening procedure can be used to develop a sophisticated source apportionment method to identify sources of PPCPs from adjacent landfills.

关键词： Landfill leachates PPCPs Indicator Screening criteria Source-specificity

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A review of the application of machine learning in water quality evaluation

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Eco-Environment & Health 2022年第2期1卷 107-116页

作者： Mengyuan Zhu Jiawei Wang Xiao Yang Yu Zhang Linyu Zhang Hongqiang Ren Bing Wu Lin Ye State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

With the rapid increase in the volume of data on the aquatic environment,machine learning has become an important tool for data analysis,classification,and *** traditional models used in water-related research,data-driven models based on machine learning can efficiently solve more complex nonlinear *** water environment research,models and conclusions derived from machine learning have been applied to the construction,monitoring,simulation,evaluation,and optimization of various water treatment and management ***,machine learning can provide solutions for water pollution {1.,water quality improvement,and watershed ecosystem security *** this review,we describe the cases in which machine learning algorithms have been applied to evaluate the water quality in different water environments,such as surface water,groundwater,drinking water,sewage,and ***,we propose possible future applications of machine learning approaches to water environments.

关键词： Machine learning Water quality Evaluation Prediction

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Getting insights into gas-phase sulfation effect on catalytic performance of praseodymium oxides in NH_(3)-SCR of NO

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第6期41卷 952-958,I0005页

作者： Yandi Cai Peng Yang Qinglong Liu Kaili Ma Wenxin Ma Wang Song Qiuhui Qian Fei Gao Wei Tan Lin Dong State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentJiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions ControlCenter of Modern AnalysisKey Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOESchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Analysis and Testing Center Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSuzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Sulfation treatment has been widely used to promote the catalytic performance of ceria(CeO_(2))based catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR of NO).Praseodymium oxide(PrO_(x)),another commonly used rare earth material with similar structural properties as CeO_(2),also shows satistactory redox properties due to the facile redox cycle of Pr^(3+)■Pr^(4+).In this work,gas phase sulfation treatment with varied duration was performed on PrO_(x) at 200℃,and the NH_(3)-SCR activity of sulfated PrO_(x) was *** on the results of systematic characterizations(e.g.,N_(2)-physisorption,NH_(3) oxidation,NO oxidation,in situ diffuse Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy),it is revealed that the catalytic performance of sulfated PrO_(x)is highly dependent on the sulfation time(or the amount of sulfate species deposited on PrO_(x)),which has a significant impact on the competitive reaction between NH_(3) oxidation and NH_(3)-SCR of NO,thus determining the NH_(3)-SCR activity of PrO_(x).This work provides new insight into tuning the interaction between PrO_(x) surface and reactants(NO,NH_(3))via sulfation treatment,which cam guide the design and application of PrO_(x)based catalysts for NH_(3)-SCR of NO in the future.

关键词： NH_(3)-SCR Praseodymium oxides Sulfation treatment Surface acidity NH_(3)oxidation Rare earths

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Experimental and theoretical investigation on degradation of dimethyl trisulfide by ultraviolet/peroxymonosulfate: Reaction mechanism and influencing factors

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 824-832页

作者： Jianing Sun Xiaodong Xin Shaohua Sun Zhenqi Du Zhenxing Yao Mingquan Wang Ruibao Jia Shandong Province Water Supply and Drainage Monitoring Center Jinan 250101China School of Water Conservancy and Environment University of JinanJinan 250022China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

With a large amount of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharged into the water bodies,sulfur-containing organicmatter inwastewater produced volatile organic sulfide,such as dimethyl trisulfide(DMTS)throughmicroorganisms,caused the potential danger of drinking water safety and human *** present,there is still a lack of technology on the removal of *** this study,the ultraviolet/peroxymonosulfate(UV/PMS)advanced oxidation processes was used to explore the degradation of *** than 90%of DMTS(30μg/L)was removed under the conditions of the concentration ratio of DMTS to PMS was 3:40,the temperature(T)was 25±2℃,and 1. min of irradiation by a 200 W mercury lamp(365 nm).The kinetics rate constant k of DMTS reacting with hydroxyl radical(HO·)was determined to be 0.2477 min^(−1..Mn^(2+),Cu^(2+)and NO_(3)^(-)promoted the degradation of DMTS,whereas humic acid and Cl-in high concentrations inhibited the degradation *** chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the degradation products and the degradation intermediates were dimethyl disulfide and *** functional theory was used to predict the possible degradation mechanism according to the frontier orbital theory and the bond breaking mechanism of organic *** results showed that the S–S,C–S and C–H bonds in DMTS molecular structure were prone to fracture in the presence of free radicals,resulting in the formation of alkyl radicals and sulfur-containing radicals,which randomly combined to generate a variety of degradation products.

关键词： Ultraviolet/peroxymonosulfate Dimethyl trisulfide Products Density functional theory Degradation mechanism

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