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Study on the design of bionic prosthetic hand model

AIP Conference Proceedings 2019年第1期2193卷

作者： Gde Pranabhawa Wicaksana Basari 1Biomedical Engineering Course Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java Indonesia 16424 2Research Center for Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java Indonesia 16424

In this research, a bionic prosthetic hand model is designed and built according to the limitations of the human hand, the model is then controlled using a computer algorithm written in MATLAB™ and embedded with Arduino Uno™ based controller. We conduct simulation model by developing algorithm for commanding the system to follow a few arm movement patterns. Forward kinematics algorithm is used to process the user’s input and define control parameters for the bionic arm. The experimental results indicated that the proposed algorithm has already met the desired specifications even though we still require the hardware with high enough specification for actuation purpose.

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Echo decorrelation imaging of ex vivo HIFU and bulk ultrasound ablation using image-treat arrays

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1821卷

作者： Tyler R. Fosnight Fong Ming Hooi Sadie B. Colbert Ryan D. Keil Peter G. Barthe T. Douglas Mast 1Biomedical Engineering Program University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio UNITED STATES 2Guided Therapy Systems/Ardent Sound Mesa Arizona UNITED STATES

In this study, the ability of ultrasound echo decorrelation imaging to map and predict heat-induced cell death was tested using bulk ultrasound thermal ablation, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) thermal ablation, and pulse-echo imaging of ex vivo liver tissue by a custom image-treat array. Tissue was sonicated at 5.0 MHz using either pulses of unfocused ultrasound (N=12) (7.5 s, 50.9-101.8 W/cm2 in situ spatial-peak, temporal-peak intensity) for bulk ablation or focused ultrasound (N=21) (1 s, 284-769 W/cm2 in situ spatial-peak, temporal-peak intensity and focus depth of 10 mm) for HIFU ablation. Echo decorrelation and integrated backscatter (IBS) maps were formed from radiofrequency pulse-echo images captured at 118 frames per second during 5.0 s rest periods, beginning 1.1 s after each sonication pulse. Tissue samples were frozen at −80˚C, sectioned, vitally stained, imaged, and semi-automatically segmented for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. ROC curves were constructed to assess prediction performance for echo decorrelation and IBS. Logarithmically scaled mean echo decorrelation in non-ablated and ablated tissue regions before and after electronic noise and motion correction were compared. Ablation prediction by echo decorrelation and IBS was significant for both focused and bulk ultrasound ablation. The log10-scaled mean echo decorrelation was significantly greater in regions of ablation for both HIFU and bulk ultrasound ablation. Echo decorrelation due to electronic noise and motion was significantly reduced by correction. These results suggest that ultrasound echo decorrelation imaging is a promising approach for real-time prediction of heat-induced cell death for guidance and monitoring of clinical thermal ablation, including radiofrequency ablation and HIFU.

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Sweat sensing in wearable sensor: A review of the future non-invasive technology for real-time health monitoring system

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2537卷

作者： Elly Septia Yulianti Nurul Intan Siti Fauziyah Rahman Basari 1Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 2Research Center for Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

Wearable sensors are devices used in the diagnostic process for real-time health monitoring systems. Types of sensors are generally based on physical sensors and chemical sensors. However, the types of wearable sensors that are largely commercialized are limited to physical sensors. Some diagnostic processes generally use the blood collecting method to determine a patient’s condition. However, this method can cause adverse effects such as infection, pain, and bruising for some patients. Chemical-based wearable sensors are capable of detecting metabolic conditions in the body and can be an alternative to the existing method. Based on an approach using alternative analytes, sweat is the most frequently used because it is highly accessible and proceeds good parameters compared to the blood. Several studies related to wearable sensors using sweat have been done to increase convenience during the sampling process. Electrochemical, biosensor, and hybrid with several sampling methods, including microfluidic system, absorbent material, superhydrophobic-super hydrophilic surface, and iontophoresis, can be used for wearable sensor analysis method. Over the past decade, the characteristics of wearable sensors (i.e., selectivity, sensitivity, stability, and response time), textile materials, and biofuel cell technology for self-powered sensor development have also increased. From these classifications, it can be concluded that the method which is highly feasible to be developed is electrochemical wearable sensors that combine microfluidic and iontophoresis systems. The system is also expected to have stretchable material and is equipped with an integrated biofuel cell system that has the potential to be developed in our upcoming research topic.

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Braided structure artificial ligament from poly-l-lactide-co-caprolactone (PLA-CL) for anterior cruciate ligament injury

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2663卷

作者： Prihartini Widiyanti Ferisya Kusuma Sari Djony Izak Rudyardjo 1Biomedical Engineering Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 2Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia

Based on the data from the National Sports Hospital of Indonesia in 2015, the sports injury cases in adults reached 1.5 million/year and in kids increased to 3-4 million/year. The body part that often gets injured is the knee, especially the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) which reached 50% of all the cases of knee injuries. The healing potential in ACL injury is very low due to poor vascularization. Therefore, many surgeons still prefer to perform surgery as an alternative way to treat the ACL injury. The use of artificial ligament for ACL surgery has many advantages compared to the autograft or allograft. In the previous study, PLLA was used as an artificial ligament. However, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) was only 7 MPa, which is not reached the standard value for ACL. With the copolymerization between PLLA and PCL into PLA-CL, it is expected a material which fulfills the artificial ligament's standards. In addition, by using the braiding method, it is expected that the UTS value will be increased. This study is aimed to determine the effects of the variations in copolymer PLA-CL composition and the effects of the braiding angle. The variations in the composition that were used are 100:0, 85:15, 15:85 and 0:100 while the angular variations are 70° and 80°. The characteristics tested were functional groups, fiber morphology, pore size, mechanical properties, wettability, cytotoxicity, and degradation rate. The results of functional group tests with FTIR showed a shift in wave number and the appearance of chemical bonds in PLA-CL copolymers. The addition of caprolactone concentration could increase the fiber diameter and the pore size between fibers, which caused the decreasing of the mechanical strength. It could also increase the contact angle and the percentage of living cells, but it inhibited the degradation process. The optimal braiding angle based on the tensile test is 80°. The potential sample for artificial ligament candidate is PLA-CL (85:15) with

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Changes in electroencephalography complexity of acute Ischemic stroke: A fuzzy approximate entropy analysis

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2314卷

作者： Osmalina Nur Rahma Alfian Pramudita Putra Angga Bagus Prasetyo Riries Rulaningtyas Sastra Kusuma Wijaya 1Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University Indonesia 2Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics & Natural Science University of Indonesia Indonesia

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death in the world. The previous study had shown that EEG (Electroencephalogram) was a promising tool to detect stroke since it is non-invasive and cheap. So, the EEG analysis method needs to be more explored to give an accurate prognosis assessment. Previously, complexity analysis, such as Fuzzy Approximate Entropy (fApEn), had been successfully differentiated between control and patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Thus, this study used fApEn to analyse the changes of electroencephalography complexity in Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) during hyperventilation and photic stimulation, which are a general protocol to investigate the abnormality in EEG. Photic stimulation conducted using white light that flashed with frequency 5Hz, 10Hz, and 15Hz consecutively for three minutes and then continued by hyperventilation for three minutes, approximately. This study compared the fApEn value from healthy subjects with AIS patients. The result showed that patient with AIS tended to conduct the lower and higher fApEn value compared to the healthy subject. The lower value of fApEn occurred because of the presence of the slow-waves on the EEG, while the higher fApEn indicated the epileptiform activity during the recording. The increment of the slow-waves and the presence of epileptiform activity could be considered as the characteristic of stroke even though its appearance is uncertain. However, complexity analysis of EEG could be useful in differentiating the healthy subject and patient with stroke or classifying the severity level of the stroke to improve stroke management.

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Design of BCI motor imagery classification using WPT-CSP and CNN

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2537卷

作者： Dio Alif Pradana Basari 1Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 2Research Center for Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

This study proposes a new method in an electroencephalograph (EEG)-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) that can directly utilize brain signals to control external devices. The motor Imagery (MI) signal, which contains an image of a certain limb movement, is generally used in BCI. It does not need direct movements. The implementation of MI-EEG signal into BCI still experiences major issues because the patterns obtained for each recording can vary from one another even though they have the same type of motion. In this study, we utilized the Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) method to decompose the EEG signal into specific sub-band frequencies and Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) as a spatial filter to increase the spatial resolution of the EEG signal. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was subsequently selected for training from the classifier. Next, the results of the training were used to classify the movements of the given MI-EEG. We evaluated the model using dataset 2a from Brain-Computer Interface Competition (BCIC) IV. The results of this method showed the increase in the accuracy of 32% and in Kappa up to 0.42 and the decrease in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) up to 1.21, compared with only using CNN as the classifier. These results showed fairly good performance compared to other methods used previously in dataset 2a from BCIC IV.

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In-vitro characterization of 3D printed PLA scaffold with hydroxyapatite-chitosan coating for mandibula reconstruction

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2314卷

作者： Anis Fitria Wulandari Siti Zulaihah Ika Rachmadanti Aminatun 1Biomedical Engineering Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 2Physics Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia

The mandibula is a part of the face that determines its shape as well as a place to attach the muscles of the mouth which has functions for chewing, swallowing, talking and yawning. Similar to other body organs, the mandibular bone can experience abnormalities, such as benign and malignant tumors. The tumor can potentially cause physiological and aesthetic disorders, so it needs to be resected in order to remove the infected part. This research was conducted to find out the potentials of 3D printed PLA scaffold with hydroxyapatite-chitosan coating for mandibula reconstructing through the contact angle test, the water absorption test and the biocompatibility test by in-vitro. The scaffold was made from polylactic acid (PLA) using 3D printing method of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) with a pore diameter of 1000 µm. Polylactic acid (PLA) is bioactive and hydrophobic filaments that needed to be coated with a bioactive material such as hydroxyapatite as well as a hydrophilic material such as chitosan. The composition variations of hydroxyapatite-chitosan which were used as the coating include A (70:30), B (60:40), C (50:50), D (40:60) and E (30:70). To determine the characteristics of the scaffold, several characterizations were carried out, namely the contact angle tests, the absorbency tests and the biocompatibility test. The characterization result from the contact angle test showed that PLA scaffold which has been coated with hydroxyapatite-chitosan is hydrophilic with contact angles of 45.7 - 71.3° in 25 minutes. The absorption test result showed a number of 4.15 - 9.34% from the first day to 9.57 - 12.90% on the seventh day which indicated that as the concentration of the chitosan increases, the water absorption also increases. Meanwhile, the biocompatibility test proved that scaffolds are non-toxic and safe for the body because they have a cell viability of 92.74 - 111.42%.

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Synthesis and characterization of acrylic resin with ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) addition as dental prosthetic base

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2314卷

作者： Prihartini Widiyanti Siswanto Ika Fauziyatus Silfiana 1Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia 2Departement of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia

Acrylic based resins are frequently used in daily dental practice. The most common use of the materials includes denture bases and denture liners. Dental prosthetic base is part of a denture that rests on the supporting network elements where the artificial tooth is placed. The problem with the denture base is the high incidence of dental base fracture due to masticatory pressure. This study is aimed to obtain the best properties of fiber acrylic resin as a dental prosthetic base by adding Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE). UHMWPE fiber length variation used was 0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm with a width of 2 mm fiber. The characterization test was porosity, density, compressive strength and hardness. The porosity test are showed that its best value was 1.695%, while the highest density test was 1.177 g/cm3. The highest compressive strength test was at 67.615 MPa and the highest hardness was 17.1 kgf/mm2. Based on all results,they are showed that the variation of UHMWPE fiber length with a width of 2 mm affected the physical and mechanical properties of dental prosthetic base materials.

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The effect of polystyrene addition in characteristics of zinc oxide eugenol dental cement

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2314卷

作者： Prihartini Widiyanti Siswanto Betanty Prasetya Sadewi 1Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia 2Departement of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia

Zinc oxide-eugenol cements are easier to be tolerated by tissue than other dental materials. They could relieve pain, antibacterial and antiseptic. The cements provide better sealing properties than other type of cements. They used as temporary filling materials, gingival dressings due to their poor mechanic properties. In order to increase the mechanical properties and to reduce solubility of this cement,the additive must be added in the composition of this cement. This study used dental materials, namely zinc oxide eugenol dental cement and polystyrene additives. The sample used in this study was made of the dental cement composition of zinc oxide eugenol cement without the addition of additives polystyrene and with the addition of 2%, 5% and 10% variations of *** results of the tensile strength test and compressive strength test are showed that the larger the percentage of polystyrene additives added to the samples, the greater the two parameters of mechanical strength. This result was in accordance with microstructure characteristic using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) which showed that the greater the percentage of the polystyrene additive, the more subtle the connection between the cement and the teeth.

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Design and development of photonic-based non-invasive hemoglobin level detector

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2314卷

作者： Suryani Dyah Astuti Ikhsan Rino Wijaya Osmalina Nur Rahma Alfian Pramudita Putra Muhammad Fahmi Akif Rahmatillah Riries Rulaningtyas 1Biomedical Engineering Master Degree Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia 2Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia 3Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia

Hemoglobin is the protein molecule that binds oxygen in the blood. Hemoglobin level can be used as a benchmark of the human physiological condition, such as anemia, hypoxia, and postoperative bleeding. Generally, measurement of hemoglobin levels is performed by an invasive method that takes blood samples to be tested. This study offers a tele-monitoring system for measuring the hemoglobin level non-invasively, so it could reduce the possibility of infection or contamination to the body and can be monitored anywhere by using a website. This tele-monitoring device of non-invasive hemoglobin and oxygen saturation levels were designed by integrating the pulse oximetry sensor with signal conditioning circuit, Arduino Uno as a microcontroller, Ethernet module, an internet network, cloud server, and website. Pulse oximetry measured the oxygen saturation in the blood that indicate the vital state of human and became essential to determine the amount of hemoglobin level. The system performance in this study was tested on participants who had a good daily exercise and participants who never had daily activities to discover the correlation between hemoglobin levels with human physical activity and obtained 89% of accuracy. This system can be implemented as a personal device for monitoring the hemoglobin level and the oxygen saturation in daily used.

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