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Evaluation on requirements of nuclear medicine facility building

AIP Conference Proceedings 2019年第1期2180卷

作者： Anita Nur Mayani Basari 1Biomedical Engineering Course Program Departement of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 2Research Center for Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

Nuclear medicine is one of medical fields that uses ionizing radiation sources for therapeutic and diagnostic imaging for cancer. The number of nuclear medicine services in Indonesia is 17 hospitals, which only 10 is active in conducting nuclear medicine services because it doesn’t meet the requirements. Regulations about the standards of nuclear medicine services Indonesia are regulated by KMK number 008/MENKES/SK/I/2009 but it have not yet been discussed the requirements in details for building design and layout design as reference. For this reason, the author did study about the requirements of a nuclear medical service facility referring to KMK number 008/MENKES/SK/I/2009 and the International Health Facility Guidelines to create layout design of nuclear medicine facility. This study is done by comparing national and international regulation for planning criteria and construct layout design of nuclear medicine facility as recommendation to accomplish the regulations in Ministry of Health decree, Republic of Indonesia number 008/MENKES/SK/I/2009 regarding nuclear medical requirements.

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Echo decorrelation imaging of ex vivo HIFU and bulk ultrasound ablation using image-treat arrays

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1821卷

作者： Tyler R. Fosnight Fong Ming Hooi Sadie B. Colbert Ryan D. Keil Peter G. Barthe T. Douglas Mast 1Biomedical Engineering Program University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio UNITED STATES 2Guided Therapy Systems/Ardent Sound Mesa Arizona UNITED STATES

In this study, the ability of ultrasound echo decorrelation imaging to map and predict heat-induced cell death was tested using bulk ultrasound thermal ablation, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) thermal ablation, and pulse-echo imaging of ex vivo liver tissue by a custom image-treat array. Tissue was sonicated at 5.0 MHz using either pulses of unfocused ultrasound (N=12) (7.5 s, 50.9-101.8 W/cm2 in situ spatial-peak, temporal-peak intensity) for bulk ablation or focused ultrasound (N=21) (1 s, 284-769 W/cm2 in situ spatial-peak, temporal-peak intensity and focus depth of 10 mm) for HIFU ablation. Echo decorrelation and integrated backscatter (IBS) maps were formed from radiofrequency pulse-echo images captured at 118 frames per second during 5.0 s rest periods, beginning 1.1 s after each sonication pulse. Tissue samples were frozen at −80˚C, sectioned, vitally stained, imaged, and semi-automatically segmented for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. ROC curves were constructed to assess prediction performance for echo decorrelation and IBS. Logarithmically scaled mean echo decorrelation in non-ablated and ablated tissue regions before and after electronic noise and motion correction were compared. Ablation prediction by echo decorrelation and IBS was significant for both focused and bulk ultrasound ablation. The log10-scaled mean echo decorrelation was significantly greater in regions of ablation for both HIFU and bulk ultrasound ablation. Echo decorrelation due to electronic noise and motion was significantly reduced by correction. These results suggest that ultrasound echo decorrelation imaging is a promising approach for real-time prediction of heat-induced cell death for guidance and monitoring of clinical thermal ablation, including radiofrequency ablation and HIFU.

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Effects of variation of chitosan concentration on the characteristics of membrane cellulose bacteria-chitosan biocomposites as candidates for artificial dura mater

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1817卷

作者： Prihartini Widiyanti Hajria Jabbar Djony Izak Rudyardjo 1Biomedical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 2Institute of Tropical Disease Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 3Physics Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia

This study was conducted to determine the effect of variation in concentration of chitosan on the physical and biological characteristics of the membrane of bacterial cellulose-chitosan biocomposites through immersion precipitation method. Bacterial cellulose membrane was soaked in a solution of chitosan whose concentration variation are 0.1%; 0.3%; 0.5% and 0.7%. The characterization tests which were conducted included the analysis of functional groups (FTIR), tensile strength test, morphology test (SEM), and cytotoxicity assay using MTT Assay method. Based on the cluster analysis test, the results of FTIR spectra indicate changes in the physical bond which means that there is interaction between the bacterial cellulose membrane with chitosan on each sample. The bacteria produced cellulose membrane with tensile strength of 10.53 ± 0.19 MPa while the microbial cellulose membrane by adding 0.5% chitosan concentration had tensile strength value of 8:58 ± 0.19 MPa. It shows that with the addition of chitosan it would decrease the tensile strength in microbial cellulose membrane. This was shown by 496.2 nm - 2,032 µm pore size with a thickness (mm) of 0:35 ± 0.33 to 0.81 ± 0.26. Based on the test results of the analysis of functional groups, tensile strength test, and morphology test, membrane microbial cellulose-chitosan biocomposites have the potential to be used as artificial dura mater candidate.

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Collagen-chitosan scaffold - Lauric acid plasticizer for skin tissue engineering on burn cases

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1817卷

作者： Prihartini Widiyanti Ewing Dian Setyadi Djony Izak Rudyardjo 1Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 2Institute of Tropical Disease Universitas Airlangga Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 3Physics Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115 Indonesia

The prevalence of burns in the world is more than 800 cases per one million people each year and this is the second highest cause of death due to trauma after traffic accident. Many studies are turning to skin substitute methods of tissue engineering. The purpose of this study is to determine the composition of the collagen, chitosan, and lauric acid scaffold, as well as knowing the results of the characterization of the scaffold. The synthesis of chitosan collagen lauric acid scaffold as a skin tissue was engineered using freeze dried method. Results from making of collagen chitosan lauric acid scaffold was characterized physically, biologically and mechanically by SEM, cytotoxicity, biodegradation, and tensile strength. From the morphology test, the result obtained is that pore diameter size ranges from 94.11 to 140.1 µm for samples A,B,C,D, which are in the range of normal pore size 63-150 µm, while sample E has value below the standard which is about 37.87 to 47.36 µm. From cytotoxicity assay, the result obtained is the percentage value of living cells between 20.11 to 21.51%. This value is below 50% the standard value of living cells. Incompatibility is made possible because of human error mainly the replication of washing process over the standard. Degradation testing obtained values of 19.44% - 40% by weight which are degraded during the 7 days of observation. Tensile test results obtained a range of values of 0.192 - 3.53 MPa. Only sample A (3.53 MPa) and B (1.935 MPa) meet the standard values of skin tissue scaffold that is 1-24 MPa. Based on the results of the characteristics of this study, composite chitosan collagen scaffold with lauric acid plasticizer has a potential candidate for skin tissue engineering for skin burns cases.

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EEG channels reduction using PCA to increase XGBoost’s accuracy for stroke detection

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1862卷

作者： N. Fitriah S. K. Wijaya M. I. Fanany C. Badri M. Rezal 1Biomedical Engineering Study Program Universitas Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya No. 4 Jakarta 10430 DKI Jakarta Indonesia 2Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA) Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia 3Faculty of Computer Science Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia

In Indonesia, based on the result of Basic Health Research 2013, the number of stroke patients had increased from 8.3 ‰ (2007) to 12.1 ‰ (2013). These days, some researchers are using electroencephalography (EEG) result as another option to detect the stroke disease besides CT Scan image as the gold standard. A previous study on the data of stroke and healthy patients in National Brain Center Hospital (RS PON) used Brain Symmetry Index (BSI), Delta-Alpha Ratio (DAR), and Delta-Theta-Alpha-Beta Ratio (DTABR) as the features for classification by an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). The study got 85% accuracy with sensitivity above 86 % for acute ischemic stroke detection. Using EEG data means dealing with many data dimensions, and it can reduce the accuracy of classifier (the curse of dimensionality). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) could reduce dimensionality and computation cost without decreasing classification accuracy. XGBoost, as the scalable tree boosting classifier, can solve real-world scale problems (Higgs Boson and Allstate dataset) with using a minimal amount of resources. This paper reuses the same data from RS PON and features from previous research, preprocessed with PCA and classified with XGBoost, to increase the accuracy with fewer electrodes. The specific fewer electrodes improved the accuracy of stroke detection. Our future work will examine the other algorithm besides PCA to get higher accuracy with less number of channels.

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Thermal wave lock-in imaging of subsurface chromophores in biomaterials

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2002年第1期615卷 1858-1865页

作者： Sergey A. Telenkov J. Stuart Nelson Thomas E. Milner 1Biomedical Engineering Program University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 2Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic University of California Irvine California 92612

Thermal wave imaging of discrete chromophores in biomaterials is reported using a phase sensitive coherent detection technique applied to recorded infrared (IR) images. We demonstrate that utilization of a periodically modulated laser source for thermal wave excitation and coherent detection applied to each pixel maybe used to compute images of the thermal wave amplitude and phase at the laser modulation frequency. The narrow-band detection technique significantly improves quality of thermal wave amplitude images. Additionally, the technique provides phase information, which may be used to assess chromophore depth in tissue. We present a theoretical analysis and computer simulations of thermal wave imaging in biological specimens. Effect of tissue optical and thermal properties on radiometric signal is discussed. Experimental application of the technique is demonstrated using tissue phantoms and an in-vivo biological model.

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