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Wireless Federated Learning With Hybrid Local and Centralized Training: A Latency Minimization Design

IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Signal Processing 2023年第1期17卷 248-263页

作者： Huang, Ning Dai, Minghui Wu, Yuan Quek, Tony Q. S. Shen, Xuemin State Key Lab of Internet of Things for Smart City China University of Macau Department of Computer and Information Science China University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Computer and Information Science China Zhuhai Um Science and Technology Research Institute Zhuhai519031 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar 487372 Singapore National Cheng Kung University Taiwan University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

Wireless federated learning (FL) is a collaborative machine learning (ML) framework in which wireless client-devices independently train their ML models and send the locally trained models to the FL server for aggregation. In this paper, we consider the coexistence of privacy-sensitive client-devices and privacy-insensitive yet computing-resource constrained client-devices, and propose an FL framework with a hybrid centralized training and local training. Specifically, the privacy-sensitive client-devices perform local ML model training and send their local models to the FL server. Each privacy-insensitive client-device can have two options, i.e., (i) conducting a local training and then sending its local model to the FL server, and (ii) directly sending its local data to the FL server for the centralized training. The FL server, after collecting the data from the privacy-insensitive client-devices (which choose to upload the local data), conducts a centralized training with the received datasets. The global model is then generated by aggregating (i) the local models uploaded by the client-devices and (ii) the model trained by the FL server centrally. Focusing on this hybrid FL framework, we firstly analyze its convergence feature with respect to the client-devices' selections of local training or centralized training. We then formulate a joint optimization of client-devices' selections of the local training or centralized training, the FL training configuration (i.e., the number of the local iterations and the number of the global iterations), and the bandwidth allocations to the client-devices, with the objective of minimizing the overall latency for reaching the FL convergence. Despite the non-convexity of the joint optimization problem, we identify its layered structure and propose an efficient algorithm to solve it. Numerical results demonstrate the advantage of our proposed FL framework with the hybrid local and centralized training as well as our proposed alg

关键词： information management

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SMDF: Spatial Mass Distribution Features and Deep Learning-Based Technique for Human Activity Recognition

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SN computer Science 2024年第1期5卷 129页

作者： Raychaudhuri, Amlan Maity, Satyabrata Chakrabarti, Amlan Bhattacharjee, Debotosh Department of Computer Science and Engineering B. P. Poddar Institute of Management and Technology 137 VIP Road Kolkata-52 India Department of Information Technology Techno International New Town 1/1 Service Rd. DG Block New Town Kolkata-156 India A. K. Choudhury School of Information Technology University of Calcutta JD-2 JD Block Sector-III Kolkata-106 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jadavpur University 188 Raja S. C. Mallick Road Kolkata-32 India

Automatic detection of human activity is one of the growing research areas due to the wide range of applications like elderly and patient monitoring for ambient assistive living, visual surveillance, etc. This paper presents a novel bi-channel deep learning model to recognize several human daily living activities. One channel includes activity classification using key poses, based on the spatial mass distribution feature (SMDF). The key poses of all the training classes are estimated using the K-means algorithm on the SMDF of the corresponding silhouette images. Similarly, the key poses of a testing video are extracted, and the k-nearest neighbor (KNN) technique is used thereafter to determine the activity classes. The other channel utilizes VGG-16 to classify human activity on preprocessed frame sequence of a video. Ultimately, the results of the two channels are combined to determine the final activity classification. The bi-channel procedure provides better accuracy over any of the individual channels. The proposed technique is verified using the single-view Weizmann and multi-view MuHAVi datasets. For the Weizmann dataset, the accuracy is 98.8%, and for MuHAVi-14 and MuHAVi-8 both, the accuracy is 98.5%. The accuracy rate for the proposed technique is better than the other state-of-the-art methods concerning different parameters that establish the effectiveness of our proposed method. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Deep learning Human activity recognition Human silhouette Key pose Spatial mass distribution features (SMDF) VGG-16

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A novel deep learning approach for investigating liquid fuel injection in combustion system

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Discover Artificial Intelligence 2025年第1期5卷 1-14页

作者： Inam, Syed Azeem Khan, Abdullah Ayub Ahmed, Noor Mazhar, Tehseen Shahzad, Tariq Khan, Sunawar Saeed, Mamoon M. Hamam, Habib Department of Artificial Intelligence and Mathematical Science Sindh Madressatul Islam University Sindh Karachi Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Lyari Karachi Pakistan Department of Computer Science Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology Karachi Pakistan Department of Computer Science School Education Department Government of Punjab Layyah31200 Pakistan School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and Economics Lahore54000 Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Sahiwal57000 Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalnagar62300 Pakistan Sana’a00967 Yemen Faculty of Engineering Uni de Moncton MonctonNBE1A3E9 Canada Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Av. Grandes Ecoles BP 1989 Libreville Gabon Bridges for Academic Excellence Spectrum Center-ville Tunis Tunisia

The intricacies and instability of introducing cryogenic propellants into the combustion system have piqued the curiosity of scientists studying the procedure. The latest innovation is utilizing data-driven machine learning and deep learning approaches to gain deeper insights into the related difficulties. However, the current work serves as a baseline for future research because relatively few studies have used data-driven methodologies to assess the temperature of liquid fuel injections in combustion systems. The performance of Linear Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Extra Trees Regressor (ETR), Polynomial Regression (PR), Support Vector Regressor (SVR), Decision Tree Regressor (DTR), Gradient Boost Regressor (GBR), XGB Regressor (XGBoost), AdaBoost Regressor (ABR), K-Neighbors Regressor (KNR), Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), Bi-LSTM (Bi-directional Long-Short Term Memory) has all been investigated in this study. The study also suggested a Fully Connected Neural Network (FCNN) to examine its performance and paired it with an Extra Tree Regressor (ETR). The coupled FCNN and Extra Tree Regressor outperform the other algorithms with a Mean Square Error (MSE) of 0.0000005062, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.00071148, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.00020672, and R-squared (R2) value of 0.99998689. Linear Regression, Polynomial Regression, and Support Vector Regressor are found to be the least-performing algorithms. The current work uses machine learning and deep learning methods to make data-driven decisions for liquid fuel injection in the combustion system. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Deep learning

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Class-attention video transformer for engagement prediction

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-20页

作者： Ai, Xusheng Sheng, Victor Li, Chunhua Yang, Han Cui, Zhiming Software and Service Outsourcing College Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology 1 Zhineng Avenue Jiangsu Suzhou215104 China Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University 2500 Broadway LubbockTX79409 United States School of Electronics and Information Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology No.1 Kerui Road Jiangsu Suzhou215009 China

In this paper, we propose the Class Attention in Video Transformer (CavT), an end-to-end method designed to process both long and short variant-length videos for student engagement prediction. CavT introduces a single vector for class embedding and incorporates the Binary-Order Representatives Sampling (BorS) technique to augment the dataset by adding multiple video sequences. Our method outperforms the state-of-the-art with MSE values of 0.0495 on the EmotiW-EP and 0.0377 on the DAiSEE datasets, providing a robust and scalable solution for engagement prediction. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Students

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Collaborative Computing in Non-Terrestrial Networks: A Multi-Time-Scale Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2024年第5期23卷 4932-4949页

作者： Cao, Yang Lien, Shao-Yu Liang, Ying-Chang Niyato, Dusit Shen, Xuemin Southwest Jiaotong University School of Information Science and Technology Chengdu611756 China Institute of Intelligent Systems National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Tainan City711 Taiwan Chengdu611731 China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Jurong West639798 Singapore University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

Constructing earth-fixed cells with low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) has been the most promising paradigm to enable global coverage. The limited computing capabilities on LEO satellites however render tackling resource optimization within a short duration a critical challenge. Although the sufficient computing capabilities of the ground infrastructures can be utilized to assist the LEO satellite, different time-scale control cycles and coupling decisions between the space- and ground-segments still obstruct the joint optimization design for computing agents at different segments. To address the above challenges, in this paper, a multi-time-scale deep reinforcement learning (DRL) scheme is developed for achieving the radio resource optimization in NTNs, in which the LEO satellite and user equipment (UE) collaborate with each other to perform individual decision-making tasks with different control cycles. Specifically, the UE updates its policy toward improving value functions of both the satellite and UE, while the LEO satellite only performs finite-step rollout for decision-makings based on the reference decision trajectory provided by the UE. Most importantly, rigorous analysis to guarantee the performance convergence of the proposed scheme is provided. Comprehensive simulations are conducted to justify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in balancing the transmission performance and computational complexity. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Local and Global Feature-Aware Dual-Branch Networks for Plant Disease Recognition

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植物表型组学（英文） 2024年第4期6卷 828-840页

作者： Jianwu Lin Xin Zhang Yongbin Qin Shengxian Yang Xingtian Wen Tomislav Cernava Quirico Migheli Xiaoyulong Chen Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentGuiyang 550025China Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentGuiyang 550025China College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton S017 1BJUK Dipartimento di Agraria and NRD-Nucleo di Ricerca sulla Desertificazione Università degli Studi di SassariSassariItaly Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentGuiyang 550025China College of Life Sciences Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Accurate identification of plant diseases is important for ensuring the safety of agricultural *** neural networks(CNNs)and visual transformers(VTs)can extract effective representations of images and have been widely used for the intelligent recognition of plant disease ***,CNNs have excellent local perception with poor global perception,and VTs have excellent global perception with poor local *** makes it difficult to further improve the performance of both CNNs and VTs on plant disease recognition *** this paper,we propose a local and global feature-aware dual-branch network,named LGNet,for the identification of plant *** specifically,we first design a dual-branch structure based on CNNs and VTs to extract the local and global ***,an adaptive feature fusion(AFF)module is designed to fuse the local and global features,thus driving the model to dynamically perceive the weights of different ***,we design a hierarchical mixed-scale unit-guided feature fusion(HMUFF)module to mine the key information in the features at different levels and fuse the differentiated information among them,thereby enhancing the model's multiscale perception ***,extensive experiments were conducted on the Al Challenger 2018 dataset and the self-collected corn disease(SCD)*** experimental results demonstrate that our proposed LGNet achieves state-of-the-art recognition performance on both the Al Challenger 2018 dataset and the SCD dataset,with accuracies of 88.74％and 99.08％,respectively.

关键词： global plant disease dual-branch feature-aware local networks recognition

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Deep Learning-Based Decision-Making of Autonomous Vehicles to Predict Accidents

Deep Learning-Based Decision-Making of Autonomous Vehicles t...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops, ICMEW 2023

作者： Khanum, Abida Lee, Chao-Yang Yang, Chu-Sing National Cheng Kung University No.1 Department of Electrical Engineering Tainan City701 Taiwan National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Formosa University Yunlin Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313154

The autonomous vehicle system ensures safe driving by certainly controlling a vehicle's motion in the lane to reduce the risk of a collision. The proposed architecture is based on convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning-based with three convolutional blocks. As output, the CNN framework can predict three different risk factor evaluations, i.e., high risk, medium risk, and low risk, used to predict the accident of the AV. The deep learning-based network had a better accuracy rate and computing time for all MTs with a 70% accuracy rate and an 8-ms computing time for risk prediction in autonomous vehicles. The experimental accuracy demonstrates that our trained method has fruitfully accurate results. The self-driving vehicle model successfully predicts the accident risk during driving a vehicle on the road. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Decision making

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Generative AI, IoT, and blockchain in healthcare: application, issues, and solutions

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Discover Internet of Things 2025年第1期5卷 1-23页

作者： Mazhar, Tehseen khan, Sunawar Shahzad, Tariq khan, Muhammad Amir Saeed, Mamoon M. Awotunde, Joseph Bamidele Hamam, Habib School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and Economics Lahore54000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science International Islamic University Islamabad44000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Sahiwal57000 Pakistan School of Computing Sciences College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia Sana’a Yemen Department of Computer Science Faculty of Communication and Information Sciences University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria Faculty of Engineering Uni de Moncton MonctonNBE1A3E9 Canada Department of Computer Science and Information Technology School Education Department Government of Punjab 31200 Layyah Pakistan School of Electrical Engineering University of Johannesburg Johannesburg2006 South Africa Av. Grandes Ecoles LibrevilleBP 1989 Gabon Bridges for Academic Excellence Spectrum Tunis Tunisia

This article discusses Blockchain and Generative AI in healthcare, including their uses, difficulties, and solutions. Blockchain technology improves EHR security, privacy, and interoperability, while smart contracts streamline supply chain management and administrative procedures. Blockchain verifies and secures IoT data, improving medical care and treatment, according to case studies. Generative AI systems like ChatGPT have transformed healthcare by personalizing therapy, diagnostics, and predictive analytics. AI systems can examine massive databases to diagnose diseases early, anticipate dangers, and personalize therapies. By providing timely information, boosting treatment adherence, and giving continuous support, AI-powered virtual health assistants have enhanced patient involvement. Generative AI has additionally enhanced medical research and drug development, cutting the time and expense of introducing new medicines. Generative AI and Blockchain provide safe patient data storage, high-quality AI training datasets, and efficient healthcare operations. Scalability, energy usage, and interoperability issues remain. Scalable Blockchain designs and standardized data integration and exchange protocols are suggested by this study. These technologies could improve medical research and therapy by making them safer, more effective, and more individualized. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Electronic health record

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Structural RC computer aided intelligent analysis and computational performance via experimental investigations

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Structural engineering and Mechanics 2024年第3期90卷 253-261页

作者： Huang, Y.C. Lulios, TuMuli Chang, Chu-Ho Noor, M. Nasir Shao, Jen-Chung Chiu, Chien-Liang Lee, Tsair-Fwu Wang, Renata Information Technology Faculty Duy Tân University 254 Nguyen Van Linh Danang Viet Nam Princess Margaret Hospital Funafuti Island Private Mail Bag Tuvalu College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan College of Maritime National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronics Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan Information and Research Center of China 1/9 Road: 2 Block: D Section: 15 Dhaka1216 Bangladesh

This research explores a new finite element model for the free vibration analysis of bi-directional functionally graded (BDFG) beams. The model is based on an efficient higher-order shear deformation beam theory that incorporates a trigonometric warping function for both transverse shear deformation and stress to guarantee traction-free boundary conditions without the necessity of shear correction factors. The proposed two-node beam element has three degrees of freedom per node, and the inter-element continuity is retained using both C1 and C0 continuities for kinematics variables. In addition, the mechanical properties of the (BDFG) beam vary gradually and smoothly in both the in-plane and out-of-plane beam’s directions according to an exponential power-law distribution. The highly elevated performance of the developed model is shown by comparing it to conceptual frameworks and solution procedures. Detailed numerical investigations are also conducted to examine the impact of boundary conditions, the bi-directional gradient indices, and the slenderness ratio on the free vibration response of BDFG beams. The suggested finite element beam model is an excellent potential tool for the design and the mechanical behavior estimation of BDFG structures. © 2024 Techno-Press, Ltd.

关键词： Boundary conditions

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Quantum Key Service Provisioning in QKD-Enabled Optical Networks

Quantum Key Service Provisioning in QKD-Enabled Optical Netw...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： He, Bin Zheng, Nianying Lu, Yuxuan Chen, Hong Gao, Mingyi Shao, Weidong Peng, Limei Ho, Pin-Han Chen, Bowen Soochow University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Jiangsu Province Suzhou215006 China Guilin University of Electronic Technology School of Information and Communication Guangxi Guilin541004 China Kyungpook National University Department of Computer Science Daegu41566 Korea Republic of University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

Quantum key distribution (QKD)-enabled optical networks utilize quantum mechanics to secure communications by establishing secure quantum channels. A critical criterion for QKD-enabled optical networks is ensuring network availability, which requires each quantum key service to adhere to a maximum unavailability constraint to maintain the network availability. This paper addresses the challenge of offering dedicated path protection for quantum key services in QKD-enabled optical networks. It ensures that the unavailability gap between the working and protection paths remains within the allowable limit for each quantum key service, adhering to specific unavailability constraints. Considering the constraints of the limited timeslot resources and network availability, we proposed quantum key service approach named a maximum availability (MA) algorithm. Simulation results indicate that the MA algorithm surpasses both the traditional dedicated-path protection (TDP) and fixed dedicated-path routing (FDR) algorithms in reducing total timeslot consumption and enhancing average availability. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Quantum channel

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