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arXiv 2023年

作者： Yang, Bo Yoshioka, Nobuyuki Harada, Hiroyuki Hakkaku, Shigeo Tokunaga, Yuuki Hakoshima, Hideaki Yamamoto, Kaoru Endo, Suguru LIP6 Sorbonne Université 4 Place Jussieu Paris75005 France Graduate School of Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Department of Applied Physics School of Engineering University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Wako-shi Saitama351-0198 Japan JST PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama332-0012 Japan Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics Keio University Hiyoshi 3-14-1 Kohoku Yokohama223-8522 Japan NTT Computer and Data Science Laboratories NTT Corporation 3-9-11 Midori-cho Musashino-shi Tokyo180-8585 Japan Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology Osaka University 1-3 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka560-8531 Japan

There are considerable obstacles against realizing practical quantum computing: a significant amount of computation errors and the restricted qubit count. As a unified method of noise-agnostic quantum error mitigation (QEM) methods, i.e., the quantum subspace expansion and virtual purification, a generalized quantum subspace expansion (GSE) has recently been proposed that is significantly robust against stochastic and coherent errors. However, GSE requires entangled measurements between copies of the quantum states, which is a significant drawback under the current situation of the restricted number of qubits and their connectivity. In this work, we propose a resource-efficient implementation of GSE, which we name "Dual-GSE", circumventing significant overheads of state copies by constructing an ansatz of error-mitigated quantum states via dual-state purification. Remarkably, Dual-GSE can further simulate larger quantum systems beyond the size of available quantum hardware with a suitable ansatz construction inspired by divide-and-conquer methods that forge entanglement classically. This also significantly reduces the measurement overhead because we only need to measure subsystems’ Pauli operators. The proposed method is demonstrated by a numerical simulation of the eight-qubit transverse-field Ising model, showing that our method estimates the ground state energy with high precision under gate noise with low mitigation overhead and practical sampling cost. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ground state

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Seamless inter cloud data transfer

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2516卷

作者： G. Senthil Kumar N. Snehalatha V N V L S Swathi Saket Vatsa Aayush Singh 1Department of Computational Intelligence SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 Chennai India 2Department of Computer science CVR College of Engineering Ibrahimpatnam Hyderabad India

Cloud Storage has become a major part of the smartphone industry. Every single smartphone user is using one cloud or the other to store their data to free up space on their smartphones that come with limited storage. Almost all the major smartphone companies are introducing their own cloud service. The users tend to store data on the cloud storage available for their device. It has become difficult for the users to migrate their data from one cloud to another when they change their phone without wasting their time and resources. Currently the users tend to download data from the first cloud to their device, transfer the data to the new device and then upload the data to the second cloud, which is tedious and time consuming. In order to solve this problem, we plan to introduce an easy and time saving method that helps in transferring the data between different cloud storages and build an authentication and session key agreements for mutual trust which is based on algorithm called elliptic curve cryptography without certification for peer-peer cloud servers. This method assists in developing trust between the 2 cloud storages and build a foundation for data migration from different cloud service providers.

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Observation of string-breaking dynamics in a quantum simulator

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： De, Arinjoy Lerose, Alessio Luo, De Surace, Federica M. Schuckert, Alexander Bennewitz, Elizabeth R. Ware, Brayden Morong, William Collins, Kate S. Davoudi, Zohreh Gorshkov, Alexey V. Katz, Or Monroe, Christopher Joint Quantum Institute NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Duke Quantum Center Departments of Physics and Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics Oxford University OxfordOX1 3NP United Kingdom Institute for Theoretical Physics KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200D Leuven3001 Belgium Department of Physics Institute for Quantum Information and Matter California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Physics Maryland Center for Fundamental Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States

The spontaneous formation of particle pairs is one of the most intriguing phenomena in nature. A canonical example is when the potential energy between two elementary particles increases with their separation, as if the particles were confined to one another by a tense string. When the separation exceeds a critical value, new particle pairs can form, which causes the string to break. String-breaking dynamics in quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force, play a fundamental role in high-energy particle collisions and the evolution of matter in the early universe. Simulating the evolution of strings and the formation of composite particles, or hadrons, is a grand challenge of modern physics. Quantum simulators are well suited to study dynamical processes. They are, therefore, expected to provide an edge over conventional methods based on classical computing. However, the experimental capabilities required to simulate the string-breaking phenomenon have not yet been demonstrated, even for simpler prototypical models of the strong force. In this work, we probe, for the first time on a quantum simulator, the spatiotemporally-resolved dynamics of string breaking in a (1 + 1)-dimensional Z2 lattice gauge theory, a theory that also exhibits Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamics

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Secrecy Outage Probability Analysis Based on Cognitive Decode-and-Forward Relaying

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computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第3期62卷 1387-1395页

作者： Ruoyu Su Xiaojun Sun Fei Ding Dengyin Zhang Hongbo Zhu M.I.M.Wahab Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Nanjing University of Posts and Tele-CommunicationsNanjing210003China Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210018China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Applied ScienceMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sA1B 3X5Canada Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Ryerson UniversityToronto M5B 2K3Canada

Wireless communications have to face to several different security issues in practice due to the nature of *** information theory is well known to provide efficient approaches to address security issues in wireless communications,which attracts much attention in both industry and academia in recent *** this paper,inspired by information theory,we study the outage probability of the opportunistic relay selection based on cognitive decode-and-forward relaying with the secrecy ***,the closed-form expression of the outage probability is ***,the asymptotic performance evaluation on the basis of the analytical results is *** simulation results show that the relay selection can reduce the outage probability in accordance with our theoretical analysis.

关键词： Secure communication average secrecy rate relay selection probability density function

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Fast all-optical random number generator

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhao, Jiamin Li, Pu Zhang, Xing Gao, Zhensen Jia, Zhiwei Bogris, Adonis Alan Shore, K. Wang, Yuncai Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Information Technology Guangzhou510006 China Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun130033 China Department of Informatics and Computer Engineering University of West Attica Athens12243 Greece School of Electronic Engineering Bangor University WalesLL57 1UT United Kingdom

We propose a simple and all-optical method for fast random number generation based on the laser mode hopping. Through periodically restarting a two-mode laser operating in the bistable state, a random number stream can be generated due to the spontaneous emission noise. To validate the feasibility of this method, we perform a theoretical simulation using the common vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with two polarization modes. Numerical results demonstrate that fast 2.5 Gb/s random number streams can be continuously obtained with verified randomness. This scheme provide a fully monolithic solution for random number generator, due to its simple and all-optical structure. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Random number generation

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A coding platform: For all programming labs and practical examination

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2424卷

作者： Roshan Bhanuse Uttkarsh Bawankar Durgesh M. Sharma Mayuresh Patle Vedashree Narsapurkar Shubham Sawate 1Department of Computer Technology Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering Nagpur 440036 India 2Department of Artificial Intelligence G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering Nagpur 440036 India

Manual code assessment in this modern age is not a feasible way of evaluating student competencies. Relying of random and limited test cases can result in inconsistent conclusions. Neither is it viable nor possible to judge rationally using naive procedures. The online coding platforms existing today are too general for this purpose, so this system is developed distinctively for this purpose. In this system, all the evaluation processes are automated. Thus, creating a trouble- free platform for teachers and a judicious assessment for students.

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Effective capacity analysis of HARQ-enabled D2D communication in multi-tier cellular networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Shah, Syed Waqas Haider Ur Rahman, M. Mahboob Mian, Adnan Noor Dobre, Octavia A. Crowcroft, Jon The Computer Lab University of Cambridge 15 JJ Thomson Avenue CambridgeCB3 0FD United Kingdom The Electrical Engineering Department Information Technology University Lahore54000 Pakistan The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Memorial University St. John'sNLA1B 3X5 Canada

This work does the statistical quality-of-service (QoS) analysis of a block-fading device-to-device (D2D) link in a multi-tier cellular network that consists of a macro-BS (BSMC) and a micro-BS (BSmC) which both operate in full-duplex (FD) mode. For the D2D link under consideration, we first formulate the mode selection problem-whereby D2D pair could either communicate directly, or, through the BSmC, or, through the BSMC-as a ternary hypothesis testing problem. Next, to compute the effective capacity (EC) for the given D2D link, we assume that the channel state information (CSI) is not available at the transmit D2D node, and hence, it transmits at a fixed rate r with a fixed power. This allows us to model the D2D link as a Markov system with six-states. We consider both overlay and underlay modes for the D2D link. Moreover, to improve the throughput of the D2D link, we assume that the D2D pair utilizes two special automatic repeat request (ARQ) schemes, i.e., Hybrid-ARQ (HARQ) and truncated HARQ. Furthermore, we consider two distinct queue models at the transmit D2D node, based upon how it responds to the decoding failure at the receive D2D node. Eventually, we provide closed-form expressions for the EC for both HARQ-enabled D2D link and truncated HARQ-enabled D2D link, under both queue models. Noting that the EC looks like a quasi-concave function of r, we further maximize the EC by searching for an optimal rate via the gradient-descent method. Simulation results provide us the following insights: i) EC decreases with an increase in the QoS exponent, ii) EC of the D2D link improves when HARQ is employed, iii) EC increases with an increase in the quality of self-interference cancellation techniques used at BSmC and BSMC in FD mode. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Error correction

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Room temperature charge-to-spin conversion from q-2DEG at SrTiO3-based interfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Shashank, Utkarsh Deka, Angshuman Fukuma, Yasuhiro Ye, Chen Wang, X. Renshaw Gupta, Surbhi Rawat, Rajdeep Singh Medwal, Rohit Asada, Hironori Department of Physics and Information Technology Faculty of Computer Science and System Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 Kawazu Iizuka820-8502 Japan Birck Nanotechnology Center School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Research Center for Neuromorphic AI hardware Kyushu Institute of Technology Kitakyushu808-0196 Japan School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637616 Singapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Natural Science and Science Education National Institute of Education Nanyang Technological University 637616 Singapore Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur208016 India Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai Ube755-8611 Japan

Interfacial two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), especially the SrTiO3-based ones at the unexpected interface of insulators, have emerged to be a promising candidate for efficient charge-spin current interconversion. In this article, to gain insight into the mechanism of the charge-spin current interconversion at the oxide-based 2DEG, we focused on conducting interfaces between insulating SrTiO3 and two types of aluminium-based amorphous insulators, namely SrTiO3/AlN and SrTiO3/Al2O3, and estimated their charge-spin conversion efficiency, θcs. The two types of amorphous insulators were selected to explicitly probe the overlooked contribution of oxygen vacancy to the θcs. We proposed a mechanism to explain results of spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements and developed an analysis protocol to reliably estimate the θcs of the oxide based 2DEG. The resultant θcs/t, where t is the thickness of the 2DEG, were estimated to be 0.244 nm-1 and 0.101 nm-1 for the SrTiO3/AlN and SrTiO3/Al2O3, respectively, and they are strikingly comparable to their crystalline counterparts. Furthermore, we also observe a large direct current modulation of resonance linewidth in SrTiO3/AlN samples, confirming its high θcs and attesting an oxygen-vacancy-enabled charge-spin conversion. Our findings emphasize the defects' contribution to the charge-spin interconversion, especially in the oxide-based low dimensional systems, and provide a way to create and enhance charge-spin interconversion via defect engineering. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aluminum compounds

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FPGA implementation of canny edge detection algorithm for X-ray images

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2394卷

作者： Hiba-Allah T. Abdullah Basma MK. Younis 1Department of Electrical Power Techniques Engineering Engineering Technical College Northern Technical University Mosul Iraq. 2Department of Computer Technology Engineering Engineering Technical College Northern Technical University Mosul Iraq.

In the domain of medical imaging, X-ray imaging is the most frequent and commonly used technique for diagnosing diseases of various types. So, quick and exact diagnosis can be critical to the success of any given treatment. For this purpose a hardware accelerator for Canny edge detection algorithm is presented in this work with its implementation on Spartan (3E-XC3S1600) kit and programmed using VHDL. To simplify the hardware implementation some assumptions are made on the traditional algorithm like the intermediate values of Canny operator are calculated with integer values instead of floating point or fixed point values so that the available resources of (Spartan 3E-XC3S1600) platform are sufficient for this purpose in terms of the use of BLOCK RAMs. Also a modified 18-bit VGA port is built for the purpose of displaying the original and result images clearly and accurately instead of the original 3-bit VGA port available on the used Spartan3E kits. A speedup of about were achieved with the proposed design over the software implementation using Mat-Lab on the art personal computer with a maximum area occupation 100%. Although Canny operator produces best results when compared with other edge detection operators because Canny yields thin lines for its edges by using non-maximal suppression, but this is influence on the silicon area occupation.

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Cs-137 activity in fly ash from thermal electric power stations

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2466卷

作者： I. K. Ahmed H. N. B. Khalaf Y. A. M. Mostafa 1Department of Computer Networks Engineering College of Information Engineering Al-Nahrain University Iraq 2Department of Physics Faculty of Science Minia University 61519 El-Minia Egypt 3Ural Federal University Physics and Technology Institute 620078 Ekaterinburg Russia

Radioactive 137Cs has a great concern because of its long half-life (30.2 year) and its similarity to potassium which is an essential element for humans. It is well known that Cs is distributed in surface soils or specifically adsorbed on illicit clay minerals and finally enters to organisms. 137Cs is made through nuclear accidents and processes is an example of anthropogenic radionuclides. In the present work, 137Cs specific activity concentration is measured with a high efficiency gamma ray spectroscopy NaI(Tl) detector in fly ash samples from two thermal electric power stations in the south of Iraq (Al-Naserya and Al-Musaeb). The 137Cs specific activity concentration are founded with ranges from 20±4.8 Bq kg-1 to 120±27.6 Bq kg−1 at Al-Naserya and 17±4.4 Bq kg-1 to 86±19.8 Bq kg−1 at Al-Musaeb station. Some of these values are alerted us to take care about the received dose because these concentrations are higher than background and world-wide limit (37 Bq kg-1 From UNSCEAR). Also, the presented 137Cs specific activity concentration results point out an additional shot to the measured effective dose rate, which can be predicted to be the 137Cs and cosmic radiation. By accounting for the contribution of 137Cs in the estimated absorbed dose rate, applying the conversion coefficient 0.136 (nGy h−1 per Bq kg−1). If a human inhale the air every day for 70 years, the radiation dose must be less than the dose limit (1 mSv y−1). In case 137CS is present, the criterion is the activity of 137Cs /60≦1.

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