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Medical Imaging 2024: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment

作者： Anikina, Anna Pershin, Ilya Mustafaev, Tamerlan Ibragimov, Bulat Department of Computer Science University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 1 Copenhagen Denmark Innopolis University Universitetskaya St 1 Innopolis Russia Swanson School of Engineering University of Pittsburg 3700 O’Hara Street Pittsburg United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510671621

Eye tracking in combination with artificial intelligence is a developing area of research with a wide range of applications, as evidenced by the increasing number of studies being conducted in this field. Such studies hold promising results in terms of prognosis and diagnosis, as they provide insight into how doctors interpret images and the factors that influence their decision-making processes. In this study, we investigated whether potential diagnostic errors made by physicians can be recognized through eye movements and artificial intelligence. To achieve this, we engaged four radiologists with varying levels of diagnostic experience to analyze 400 X-rays chest images with a wide range of anomalies, concurrently capturing their eye movements using an eye tracker. For each of the resulting 1546 readings, we computed numerical features extracted using radiologists’ gaze saccade data. Subsequently, we applied three machine learning algorithms such as random forest, support vector machines, k-nearest neighbor classifier, and also a neural network to map reading gaze features with radiological errors resulting in the error prediction accuracy of 0.7. Our experiments demonstrate the existence of a connection between diagnostic errors and gaze, indicating that eye-tracking data can serve as a valuable source of information for human error analysis. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Eye tracking

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Teaching Empirical Methods to Software Engineers 18th

Teaching Empirical Methods to Software Engineers

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18th International KES Conference on Agents and Multi-Agent Systems: Technologies and Applications, KES-AMSTA 2024

作者： Kholmatova, Zamira Succi, Giancarlo Tulkunova, Navruza Innopolis University Universitetskaya Ul. 1 Innopolis420500 Russia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna Mura Anteo Zamboni 7 Bologna40126 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9789819764686

Teaching empirical methods in software engineering education is a challenging task: at the end of the course, students should understand the main concepts of empirical research and be able to apply them in an industrial environment. Therefore, there is a need to identify a teaching strategy that will not only help students develop the necessary skills but also connect the learned concepts with the industrial requirements. This study aims to investigate the current best pedagogical strategies and seeks to provide evidence-based recommendations for enhancing the educational experience of future software engineers, fostering a data-driven mindset in the next generation of software development professionals. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： computer aided software engineering

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An Edge Computing System for Fast Image Recognition Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Petri Net Model

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第5期83卷 12849-12873页

作者： Yang, Cheng-Ying Lin, Yi-Nan Wang, Sheng-Kuan Shen, Victor R.L. Tung, Yi-Chih Lin, Jia-Fu Department of Computer Science University of Taipei 1 Ai-Kao W. Rd. Taipei 100 Taipei Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology 84 Gongzhuan Rd. Taishan District New Taipei City 243 New Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology 84 Gongzhuan Rd. Taishan District New Taipei City 243 New Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taipei University 151 University Rd. Sanxia District New Taipei City 237 New Taipei Taiwan Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of Technology Taichung Taiwan

As a computer system can precisely detect some target objects, many application scenarios will be developed. In this study, the customized object recognition model was trained by using a software tool, You Only Look Once (YOLO), and burned into one hardware component, Maix Bit, for an image edge computing system, so as to fast recognize humans or objects in the images. In the beginning of system development, a Petri net (PN) model was established to detect all possible abnormal processes and to verify the feasibility and completeness of an edge computing system by using Petri net software tool, Workflow Petri net Designer (WoPeD). Compared with many other development boards, Maix Bit is smaller, more flexible, more economical, and more adaptable to those needs of the edge side scenarios. When equipped with an Artificial Intelligence (AI) chip, Kendryte K210, it is suitable for object recognition due to its superior power consumption, film frames, and processors. YOLO, mainly characterized by its fast speed in using the convolutional neural network (CNN) to recognize objects, can be used to predict the positions and types of multiple objects concurrently. Also, CNN can be used to detect and recognize targets from end to end promptly, when configured to train an image recognition model. Finally, the experimental results have shown that the promising mean Average Precision (mAP), 78.6%, was obtained, which outperforms other existing systems. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Object detection

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Privacy engineering in the Wild: Understanding the Practitioners' Mindset, Organizational Aspects, and Current Practices

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IEEE Transactions on Software engineering 2023年第9期49卷 4324-4348页

作者： Iwaya, Leonardo Horn Babar, Muhammad Ali Rashid, Awais JoondalupWA6027 Australia Research Group Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Karlstad65188 Sweden The University of Adelaide Centre for Research on Engineering Software Technologies AdelaideSA5005 Australia University of Bristol Bristol Cyber Security Group REPHRAIN: National Research Centre on Privacy Harm Reduction and Adversarial Influence Online Department of Computer Science BristolBS8 1QU United Kingdom

Privacy engineering, as an emerging field of research and practice, comprises the technical capabilities and management processes needed to implement, deploy, and operate privacy features and controls in working systems. For that, software practitioners and other stakeholders in software companies need to work cooperatively toward building privacy-preserving businesses and engineering solutions. Significant research has been done to understand the software practitioners' perceptions of information privacy, but more emphasis should be given to the uptake of concrete privacy engineering components. This research delves into the software practitioners' perspectives and mindset, organizational aspects, and current practices on privacy and its engineering processes. A total of 30 practitioners from nine countries and backgrounds were interviewed, sharing their experiences and voicing their opinions on a broad range of privacy topics. The thematic analysis methodology was adopted to code the interview data qualitatively and construct a rich and nuanced thematic framework. As a result, we identified three critical interconnected themes that compose our thematic framework for privacy engineering 'in the wild': (1) personal privacy mindset and stance, categorised into practitioners' privacy knowledge, attitudes and behaviours;(2) organizational privacy aspects, such as decision-power and positive and negative examples of privacy climate;and, (3) privacy engineering practices, such as procedures and controls concretely used in the industry. Among the main findings, this study provides many insights about the state-of-the-practice of privacy engineering, pointing to a positive influence of privacy laws (e.g., EU General Data Protection Regulation) on practitioners' behaviours and organizations' cultures. Aspects such as organizational privacy culture and climate were also confirmed to have a powerful influence on the practitioners' privacy behaviours. A conducive environment f

关键词： Data privacy

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Occupancy estimation in smart buildings using predictive modeling in imbalanced domains

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第8期14卷 10917-10929页

作者： Guo, Jiaxun Amayri, Manar Najar, Fatma Fan, Wentao Bouguila, Nizar Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering Concordia University MontrealQCH3G1T7 Canada Grenoble Institute of Technology Grenoble France The Department of Computer Science and Technology Huaqiao University Xiamen China

This paper introduces a novel approach for occupancy estimation in smart buildings. In particular, we focus on the challenging yet common situation where the amount of training data is small and imbalanced (i.e. the classes are not approximately equally represented). Our model is based on two parts namely predictive modelling, performed via the inverted Dirichlet mixture (IDMM), and an over-sampling approach that we propose. The first part, in which the main goal is to tackle the small training data problem, concerns the calculation of the predictive distribution of the IDMM by marginalizing over its parameters, with their posterior distributions, which are estimated by a Bayesian variational inference approach that we develop. Based on over-sampling, the second part can be viewed as a complement to tackling the imbalanced domains problem. Extensive experiments and simulations involving synthetic data as well as real data extracted from smart buildings sensors show the merits of our statistical framework. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Intelligent buildings

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Conversion of a MATLAB Code to Python: Increasing Accessibility to Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensing Studies

Conversion of a MATLAB Code to Python: Increasing Accessibil...

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International Conference on Advances in Signal Processing and Communication engineering, ICASPACE 2023

作者： Phillips, Jonathan Gollapalli, Ravi Terwilliger, Mark Heinrich, Sidney Department of Engineering and Industrial Professions University of North Alabama 1 Harrison Plaza FlorenceAL35632 United States Department of Computer Science and Information Systems University of North Alabama 1 Harrison Plaza FlorenceAL35632 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789819705610

In this paper, a Python coded simulation of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor that considers the application of electrical bias across the sensor surface is compared to the same simulation written in MATLAB. MATLAB is a high-level, expensive, and hardware demanding programming language that is commonly used in the data science domain due to its efficiency and convenience in calculation-heavy programming. However, Python is a high-level, free-to-use, popular, and extremely accessible programming language that is comparatively less demanding of hardware. The goal of this comparison was aimed at investigating the process of converting the MATLAB program to Python and determining the advantages and disadvantages of the Python simulation to determine the feasibility of performing the simulation on a more accessible computing device such as a Raspberry Pi. The conversion process included manual translation and translation performed by artificial intelligence. Upon completion of the conversion, the MATLAB simulation dramatically outperformed the Python counterpart by completing the calculations in times between 30 and 50 min;compared to Python’s completion times between 90 and 120 min. Ultimately, it was determined that while MATLAB has many disadvantages involving costs, with the use of dynamic translation it is able to execute the simulation program much more efficiently than the Python program. Therefore, economic and performance factors must be balanced for the subject utilizing the program. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Python

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Investigation of the separation zone for split-domain light field visualization 28

Investigation of the separation zone for split-domain light ...

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2024 28th International Conference on Information Technology, IT 2024

作者： Javidi, Kamran Martini, Maria G. Kara, Peter A. School of Computer Science and Mathematics Faculty of Engineering Computing and the Environment Kingston University Wireless Multimedia and Networking Research Group Department of Computer Science Penrhyn Road Campus Kingston upon Thames LondonKT1 2EE United Kingdom Budapest University of Technology and Economics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Department of Networked Systems and Services Budapest1111 Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369618

Light field visualization commonly provides a single content over the entire field of view. However, the angularly-selective nature of the technology enables the simultaneous visualization of different contents at different viewing angles. Yet segmenting the valid viewing area comes with content interference as well in forms of separation zones, resulting invalid viewing domains. In this paper, we introduce a study on the separation zone of split-domain light field visualization. We created a static-content-based scenario in which we split the valid viewing area into two distinct domains, with a separation zone in between them. This was achieved by merging two light field contents in the middle with an instantaneous switch. The resulting visualization on a light field display was captured by a DSLR camera from two viewing distances, and it was compared to the crosstalk effect caused by insufficient angular resolution. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Visualization

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Joint Multiple Access Based on RSMA for Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Network

Joint Multiple Access Based on RSMA for Integrated Satellite...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Han, Shuai Li, Zhiqiang Li, Cheng Benslimane, Abderrahim Harbin Institute of Technology School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin150001 China Simon Fraser University School of Engineering Science BurnabyBCV5A 1S6 Canada University of Avignon Department of Computer Science and Engineering Avignon84029 France

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

The integrated satellite-terrestrial network (ISTN) has attracted much interest due to its global information serviceability. Recently, rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) has been widely investigated to achieve highly efficient access. Motivated by this, we design the joint RSMA scheme based on spectrum sharing for the downlink ISTN, where part data of terminals are shared by satellite and base station. Furthermore, the max-min rate (MMR) maximization problem is formulated, and an alternating optimization algorithm based on weighted minimum mean square error is introduced to solve the non-convex problem. Simulations show that the joint RSMA scheme has a higher MMR than baseline schemes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Satellite communication systems

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Robust Hybrid Transceiver Designs for Linear Decentralized Estimation in mmWave MIMO IoT Networks in the Face of Imperfect CSI

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2023年第20期10卷 18125-18139页

作者： Maity, Priyanka Rajput, Kunwar Pritiraj Srivastava, Suraj Venkategowda, Naveen K. D. Jagannatham, Aditya K. Hanzo, Lajos Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Department of Electrical Engineering Kanpur208016 India Kirchberg1855 Luxembourg Linköping University Department of Science and Technology Norrköping60174 Sweden University of Southampton School of Electronics and Computer Science SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom

Hybrid transceivers are designed for linear decentralized estimation (LDE) in a mmWave multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) IoT network (IoTNe). For a noiseless fusion center (FC), it is demonstrated that the mean squared error (MSE) performance is determined by the number of RF chains used at each IoT node (IoTNo). Next, the minimum-MSE RF transmit precoders (TPCs) and receiver combiner (RC) matrices are designed for this setup using the dominant array response vectors, and subsequently, a closed-form expression is obtained for the baseband (BB) TPC at each IoTNo using Cauchy's interlacing theorem. For a realistic noisy FC, it is shown that the resultant MSE minimization problem is nonconvex. To address this challenge, a block-coordinate descent-based iterative scheme is proposed to obtain the fully digital TPC and RC matrices followed by the simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit (SOMP) technique for decomposing the fully digital transceiver into its corresponding RF and BB components. A theoretical proof of the convergence is also presented for the proposed iterative design procedure. Furthermore, robust hybrid transceiver designs are also derived for a practical scenario in the face of channel state information (CSI) uncertainty. The centralized MMSE lower bound has also been derived that benchmarks the performance of the proposed LDE schemes. Finally, our numerical results characterize the performance of the proposed transceivers as well as corroborate our various analytical propositions. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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Non-Orthogonal Broadcast and Unicast Transmission Based on Novel Centralized Frequency Reuse for Multibeam Satellite System

Non-Orthogonal Broadcast and Unicast Transmission Based on N...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Li, Zhiqiang Han, Shuai Li, Cheng Benslimane, Abderrahim Harbin Institute of Technology School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin150001 China Simon Fraser University School of Engineering Science BurnabyBCV5A 1S6 Canada University of Avignon Department of Computer Science and Engineering Avignon84029 France

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

The multibeam satellite system is crucial for the next generation communication, providing seamless and various information services, such as broadcast and unicast messages. However, catering to the burgeoning number of users within limited spectrum resources presents formidable challenges. In response, rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) has emerged, leveraging non-orthogonal transmission and precoding strategies concurrently. Therefore, we devise the non-orthogonal broadcast and unicast (NOBU) joint transmission framework using RSMA. Furthermore, amalgamating traditional precoding with frequency reuse techniques, we propose a novel centralized frequency reuse strategy, exhibiting commendable performance alongside reduced computational complexity. Furthermore, we maximize the weighted sum rate (WSR) and introduce an improved alternating optimization algorithm, adept at converting intricate non-convex problem into tractable convex counterpart. Simulation outcomes demonstrate that our proposed schemes have significant improvements in WSR performance and are promising for various practical applications. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convex optimization

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