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Communal-based domestic rainwater harvesting system: A novel approach to alternative solutions for increasing water supply and recharging groundwater in Jagakarsa urban area, South Jakarta

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental engineering 2025年 11卷

作者： Suprapti, Suprapti Kusuma, Muhammad Syahril Badri Kardhana, Hadi Cahyono, Muhammad Juliana, Imroatul Chalimah Doctoral Program of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Jawa Barat Bandung 40132 Indonesia Water Resources Engineering Group Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Jawa Barat Bandung 40132 Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering and Sciences Ibnu Khaldun Bogor University Jl. Sholeh Iskandar Km. 2 Jawa Barat Kota Bogor 16162 Indonesia Research Center for Ecohydrology Ecohydraulics and Engineering Science Bandung Jl. Babakan Jeruk 1 No. 100 Jawa Barat Bandung 40132 Indonesia Civil Engineering Study Program Sriwijaya University Jl. Raya Lintas Timur Palembang - Prabumulih No. Km. 32 Indralaya Indah South Sumatra Indralaya Indonesia Study Program of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Mercu Buana Jl. Meruya Selatan No. 01 Kembangan-Jakarta Barat Jakarta 11650 Indonesia

This study proposes a new approach, a communal-based domestic rainwater harvesting (CDRWH) system, which is a new model that combines domestic and communal rainwater harvesting systems. This model is an alternative solution to improve system performance and utilize rainwater overflow from the system. Rainwater runoff from several domestic tanks is channeled to a communal tank to be collected, processed, and redistributed to needy domestic tanks. Overflow from the communal tank is used for groundwater recharge. The CDRWH system model aims to increase water supply, reduce runoff, and conserve groundwater. The model simulation uses daily water balance analysis and yield before spillage algorithm. The simulation scenario uses variations in roof area, number of house occupants, storage tank volume, and rainfall categories: 20 years, wet year, normal year, and dry year. Jagakarsa, an urban area in South Jakarta, was selected for the CDRWH system modeling. The results showed that the CDRWH model significantly improved the performance of the volumetric reliability (VR) and time reliability (TR) systems. In addition, the model could show a comparison of total groundwater recharge (GWR) and groundwater extraction (GWE), where the GWR capacity was higher. This allows centralized rainwater management in communal tanks, thereby reducing groundwater usage. The design of this model is simple. Therefore it can be easily duplicated for application in other locations. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Communal-based domestic rainwater harvesting (CDRWH) Groundwater extraction (GWE) Groundwater recharge (GWR) Jagakarsa-South Jakarta Reduced runoff Water supply

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An assessment of potential infiltration areas to support groundwater supply system in Jagakarsa, South Jakarta, based on Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) analysis

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental engineering 2024年 10卷

作者： Suprapti, Suprapti Kusuma, Muhammad Syahril Badri Kardhana, Hadi Cahyono, Muhammad Doctoral Program of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Jawa Barat Bandung 40132 Indonesia Study Program of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta Jl. Meruya Selatan No. 01 Kembangan Barat Jakarta 11650 Indonesia Water Resources Engineering Group Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Jawa Barat Bandung 40132 Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering and Sciences Ibnu Khaldun Bogor University Jl. Sholeh Iskandar Km. 2 Kota Bogor Jawa Barat 16162 Indonesia Research Center for Ecohydrology Ecohydraulics and Engineering Science Bandung Jl. Babakan Jeruk 1 No. 100 Jawa Barat Bandung 40132 Indonesia

Jagakarsa is an urban area in South Jakarta, Indonesia, that uses groundwater for raw water because there are no clean water supply facilities. The significant increase in the need for clean water due to increasing urbanization threatens groundwater availability to maintain the balance of the surrounding environment. Natural conditions with a deep layer of clay and a dense built environment further increase runoff capacity because water has difficulty seeping into the soil. The intense extraction of groundwater without balancing groundwater recharge results in land subsidence. Until now, there has been no research on this issue. Thus, our research is necessary. This research aims to assess the potential of groundwater infiltration areas in Jagakarsa. Due to limited data, as a first step, we used a qualitative model with MCDM analysis (AHP and MIF methods) integrated with GIS to map potential groundwater recharge areas. The AHP method is explained in detail with a matrix system formula, readers can understand the calculation steps more easily. This study uses five influencing factors: geological formation, land use, slope, rainfall, and soil type. The results show that most study locations have low potential (AHP 74.49 % and MIF 75.25 %) for groundwater recharge. This groundwater recharge potential map was validated using groundwater level measurements. The accuracy of the AHP is 74.51 %, and the MIF method reaches 75.26 %. Therefore, further research is needed to obtain appropriate and effective technology for maintaining groundwater availability. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： AHP-MIF-GIS Groundwater Jagakarsa-South Jakarta MCDA Potential infiltration area

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Analog rice production using granulation, hot extrusion, and cold extrusion methods: An overview

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2667卷

作者： Heny Kusumayanti Siswo Sumardiono Bakti Jos 1Doctoral Program of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Tembalang Semarang Central Java 50275 Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Tembalang Semarang Central Java 50275 Indonesia

Indonesia has fertile soil that enable abundant varieties of plants to grow including paddy (Oryza sativa L) which contains nutrients needed mainly by human body, i.e. milled rice contains 78.9% carbohydrate, 6.8% protein, 0.7% fat, and others of 0.6%. Paddy plants will produce paddy rice, i.e. paddy rice grains which have been separated from the husk. That peeled paddy grain is commonly called paddy rice or rice. Rice is a staple food for majority of people in Indonesia. The increase in rice production cannot actually correspond the rapidly increasing Indonesian population. Therefore, it is necessary to diversify non-rice food from other carbohydrate sources by conducting many alternative processes. This study attempted to investigate some methods to produce analog rice. Furthermore, this paper review aimed to find out the various processes of analog rice production and the best ingredient to make good quality analog rice. Analog rice is rice made of non-paddy plants, e.g. tubers, cereal, and other materials which may use granulation or extrusion (cold and hot process) methods. In granulation process, analog rice is produced in the form of granules. Starch flour and water produced by artificial rice are not in the form of grains that resembles pearl porridge. Meanwhile, extrusion is a method for producing analog oval-shaped rice which resembles paddy rice. In addition, analog rice produced from cassava flour and protein of fermented soybean cake flour using cold extrusion method. Results in the best composition with proximate analysis results of 73.53% carbohydrate, 18.97% protein, 3.19% fat, 1.87% water content, 2.44% ash content, and 0.15% food fiber. The absorption capacity of analog rice water in this study was 121.8%, and the other physical analysis was the bulk density of 0.59633%. Moreover, the time required to cook the analog rice produces was 7.1 minutes.

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Characteristic of beef tallow/rice husk charcoal/plaster composite phase change materials

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2568卷

作者： I. Made Astika I. Nyoman Suprapta Winaya I. Ketut Gede Wirawan Akhmad Herman Yuwono I. Dewa Gede Ary Subagia 1Doctoral Study Program of Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Kampus Sudirman Denpasar Bali 80234 Indonesia. 2Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Badung Bali 80361 Indonesia 3Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus Baru UI Depok Depok 16424 Indonesia

Composite materials are a combination of several materials to form a new material with specific properties. Chemical compatibility of the constituent materials is a factor that affects the characteristics of composite materials. Currently, composite phase change materials (PCM) are commonly applied as thermal energy storage systems. This study investigated the characteristics of beef tallow/rice husk charcoal/plaster PCM composite. The weight fraction of rice husk charcoal used was 10%. To prevent leakage of beef tallow from the composite structure, the researcher used polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) to cover the tallow/RHC composite before mixing it with plaster material. As much as 30% of the tallow/RHC/PVAc composite weight fraction is integrated into the plaster. PCM composite was made by using a direct incorporation method. The FTIR test results on the PCM composites produced showed good chemical compatibility among different components. The scanning electron microscope results showed the formation of microcapsules where the rice husk charcoal and polyvinyl acetate functions as a wrapper/capsule for beef tallow. This composite is suitable for application in building walls as thermal energy storage.

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Evaluation of thermal and spectroscopic properties of hybrid biocomposite OPW/ramie fiber for materials building

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2554卷

作者： Indra Mawardi Samsul Rizal Sri Aprilia Muhammad Faisal 1Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 2Department of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Lhokseumawe 24301 Indonesia 3Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 4Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia

Environmentally friendly and sustainable buildings encourage researchers to develop natural fiber-based building materials. This investigation was prompted by the abundance of oil palm wood and the fact that it is rarely used as a building material. This study aims to investigate the thermal and spectroscopic properties of a hybrid bio-composite based on oil palm wood as a candidate for green building materials. The hybrid composite was fabricated from oil palm wood and ramie fiber as reinforcement and tapioca starch as a matrix. Oil palm wood particles and ramie fiber were pretreated in 100°C water and NaOH solution, respectively. Hybrid biocomposite was fabricated using hotpress at constant temperature and pressure, with variations of HBC1, HBC2, HBC3 and HBC4. Evaluation of thermal properties in thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and spectroscopic was carried out. Thermogravimetric and spectroscopic analysis showed that the HBC3 sample was more stable up to the temperature 358°C and the bigger crystal size is 3.45 nm, compared to other samples. These results showed that oil palm wood-based hybrid composites have the potential to be used as green building materials.

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Characterization and performances of hydrophobic polymer membrane modified with dragon’s blood resin

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2613卷

作者： Aulia Chintia Ambarita Sri Mulyati Nasrul Arahman Muhammad Roil Bilad 1Doctoral School of Engineering Science School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 3Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link-Gadong BE1401 Brunei

Hydrophobic membranes have limitations, which are the low permeation rate and susceptible to fouling, therefore membrane modifications are generally required. In this paper, hydrophobic polymer membrane modification has been studied by mixing dragon's blood resin (DBR) as bio additive. Two types of polymers were used, they were polyethersulfon (M-3 PES) and polyvinylidene Two types of polymers were used, they were polyethersulfon (M-3 PES) and polyvinylidene fluoride (M-3 PVDF) with a concentration of 14.5% polymer and 3% DBR. The results showed that M-3 PES had greater porosity, water uptake, pore size, and clean water flux than M3-PVDF. However, the antifouling performance of M-3 PVDF membrane tends to be better than M-3 PES, as well as its rejection. Both membranes tend to be stable even after repeated use.

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Digitizing microalgae production to support green process facing industry 4.0 era

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2667卷

作者： Rame Rame Purwanto Purwanto Sudarno Sudarno 1Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Diponegoro Semarang 50241 Indonesia 2Center of Industrial Pollution Prevention Technology Jl. Ki Mangunsarkoro No. 6 Semarang 50241 Indonesia 3Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang 50275 Indonesia 4Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang 50275 Indonesia

The microalgae industry produces and processes microalgae such as Arthrospira platensis, Chlorella Vulgaris, and Haematococcus Pluvialis as raw materials. The product of the microalgae industry in Indonesia consists of raw materials, extract products, and retail products. The sales activity tends to rise, impacting the financial conditions of the industry in good condition. The potential of this business field is vast with open market demand so that the continuity of production and marketing of diversified products is still guaranteed. Problems and needs facing the Microalgae industry in Indonesia are the whole processes from upstream to downstream in the microalgae industry still manual. It replaced conventional methods with more efficient advanced green technologies that offer greater product quantity and low environmental impact. Literature reviews, observations in the industry, and interviews to evaluate development strategies to help the microalgae industry solves the problems in cultivation, drying techniques, standard fulfillment, and marketing by applying more efficient technology. Based on the analysis of conditions and opportunities, there are some critical aspects of microalgae industry development, namely the creation of an online monitoring application system of production pools that can be implemented in the field according to standards; construction design of encapsulation include spray drying. Moreover, a circular economy fulfills food safety standards such as halal certification, Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point, and Good Manufacturing Practice standards. Additionally, improvement of qualifications and competencies of reliable marketing personnel in the manufacture of marketing tools.

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Sustainable and integrated industrial wastewater treatment as a base of green industry 4.0

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2667卷

With the fast development of the global economy and population, there has been an increase in the amount of wastewater and industrial effluents being discharged into rivers and lakes, resulting in deterioration of water quality and a reduction in the availability of freshwater resources. A comprehensive discussion of the topic of Industrial Wastewater Treatment Integrated for Sustainable Green Industry 4.0, including the difficulties and possible solutions that may be encountered along the way, is provided in this article. According to the results of this study, industrial wastewater treatment that uses online/real-time water for quality monitoring and control has shown great promise in terms of quality monitoring and control when utilizing online/real-time water. Implementing such a system in industrial wastewater treatment may offer an early warning system for poor treatment while increasing the quantity and quality of the end product, both of which are desired outcomes.

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The effect of synthesized rice husk ash to compressive strength of reactive powder concrete containing quartzite powder

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2663卷

作者： Yulius Rief Alkhaly Abdullah Husaini Muttaqin Hasan 1Doctoral Program School of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala (USK) Jl. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7 Darussalam Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 2Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe 24315 Indonesia 3Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala (USK) Jl. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7 Darussalam Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 4Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala (USK) Jl. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7 Darussalam Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia

The very high strength of Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) is possible to produce due to the availability of a pozzolanic material in the mixture and application of the packing density method to obtain the optimum density of the mixture proportions. Rice husk ash is a natural source of high silica (SiO2) with readiness in huge volumes. In this study, the RPC mixtures were produced from a fixed content of 25% silica fume of the cement weight combined with synthesized rice husk ash (SRHA) of 10%, 20%, and 30% by cement weight. Mix proportions were obtained by using the Modified Andreassen Packing Model method. This study aims to determine the width of slump flow and compressive strength under normal and steam curing of RPC with low cement content (650 kg/m3). The results demonstrated that the intermix of silica fume with synthesized rice husk ash up to 30% provides an advance on the slump flow width and compressive strength of RPC containing local quartzite powder under normal and steam curing.

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Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA): Multi-variables and small samples research approach (case study: Indonesia’s Megaprojects)

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2217卷

作者： Retno Wulan Damayanti Budi Hartono Andi Rahadiyan Wijaya 1Doctoral Study Program of Industrial Engineering Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Indonesia 2Industrial Engineering Study Program Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia

This paper aims to provide an overview of what a Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) method is, its differences with the classical methods, the principles, and the QCA types. Literature studies and Indonesia megaproject case study is used to explain the concept of the QCA method. A comprehensive discussion of this paper produces a concise description of the QCA method that has the potential to be used to study multivariable research with small sample size. This study also succeeded in formulating a framework that can be used as a guide for researchers in determining when to use the QCA method.

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