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A conceptual framework on the design of intelligent supply chain for natural fibre agroindustry

AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2217卷

作者： Nunung Nurhasanah Machfud Djumali Mangunwidjaja Muhammad Romli 1Doctoral Program of Agro-industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Agricultural Technology IPB University Indonesia 2Professor of Agro-industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Agricultural Technology IPB University Indonesia

Kenaf is a fibre-producing plants that is still highly potential to develop in Indonesia. There is a gap between supply and demand of natural fibre by 90.38%, meaning that it is only 9.62% of kenaf fibre demand met by domestic processors. The main objective of this research is designing an intelligent supply chain model of natural fibre agroindustry. Three sub-models would be developed to answer research questions, i.e.: (1) Developing a sub-model of collaborative replenishment, (2) Designing a sub-model of integrated production and inventory planning, and (3) Developing a sub-model of improvement in supply chain performance. Some approaches that would be employed in this study are Supply chain analytics, Collaborative planning, forecasting and replenishment, Particle swarm optimization, and Value chain operation reference. The concept of industry 4.0 that would be developed was an implementation scheme of Internet of Things in production optimization of dried kenaf fibre through employment of sensors and image processing. Indicators of success factor for this research that were established are: (1) Enhancement in supply chain efficiency and effectivity, (2) Enhancement in satisfaction level among supply chain actors, and (3) Achievement of level optimization and inventory cost minimization, and (4) Usefulness of a web based NFiSCA application.

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Experimental investigation of thermal behavior in an active type solar water heater based on phase change material using solar simulator

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2296卷

作者： Muhammad Nadjib Suhanan Joko Waluyo 1Doctoral Study Program Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Indonesia 2Mechanical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Yogyakarta 55183 Indonesia 3Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Indonesia

The weakness of an outdoor solar water heater (SWH) experiments is the difficulty in determining its thermal behavior. The fluctuation of solar radiation intensity causes the supply of energy received by SWH also fluctuate. The result is that the thermal behavior of the SWH cannot be known for specific parameters. This paper aims to investigate the thermal behavior of an active type SWH containing paraffin wax using the constant heat flux method. A phase change material (PCM) inserted into the capsule. The capsules were arranged in a tank to form a heat exchanger (HE). The thermocouples were mounted both on the waterside and the PCM side. The solar simulator installed on the top of the collector, and the SHW system placed indoors. The heat flux and water flow were set at 1000 W/m2 and 2 LPM, respectively. The temperatures of water and PCM for 143 minutes charging recorded. The data obtained were used to analyze the thermal behavior of water and PCM. The results showed that the average heating rate of water and PCM was 0.227 °C/min and 0.205 °C/min, respectively. The value of this adjacent average heating rate shows that HE has functioned well in removing heat energy from water. The accumulated thermal energy produced was 13.08 MJ. Indoor experiments can reveal the thermal behavior of the SWH-PCM systems.

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Tuff as rock and soil: Review of the literature on tuff geotechnical, chemical and mineralogical properties around the world and in Indonesia

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2019年第1期2114卷

作者： Novi Asniar Yusep Muslih Purwana Niken Silmi Surjandari 1Civil Engineering Doctoral Program Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Central Java Indonesia

Volcanic tuffs are defined as relatively soft and porous pyroclastic rocks which are usually formed by lithification and cementation of volcanic dust or ash. Previous studies on geotechnical properties of tuffs have been carried out with the aim of engineering and alternative materials for cement aggregate materials, dam construction materials, and pavement materials. This paper aims to review several studies of tuff material that have been carried out from several locations around the world and in Indonesia. Tuff rock has geotechnical properties such as 18-25 kN/m3 of unit weight, 1.5 - 2.4 gr/cm3 of bulk density, 2.29 - 2.64 gr/cm3 of particle density, highly varied compressive strength depending on the degree of weathering, 0 - 1.45 MPa of cohesion, friction angle = 24° - 45° of friction angle, and 4% - 42% of porosity. The properties of tuff soil depend on the environment at the deposit location and particle size. Tuff soil (residue) is a product of in situ weathering of pyroclastic materials with high silt content in sandy soils and contains a few silty clay soil. Tuff unit weight varies from <10 to 30 kN/m3, compressive strength ranges from 0 - 0.2 MPa, cohesion from > 0 to 0.1 MPa, and friction angle from 10° - 40°. Based on the plasticity index data, tuff soil is included in the category of silt soil with low plasticity (CL) and silty soil with high plasticity (CH). Mineralogy studies generally show that there are two groups of minerals: major rock-forming minerals such as olivine and pyroxene, and secondary rock-forming minerals such as zeolites (phillipsite and chabazite), smectite and calcite. There are montmorillonite clay minerals in some tuff samples, but the percentage is small, fewer than normal limits.

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Polymer of chitosan with ZnO addition to optimize high responsivity and sensitivity in sensor film

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2267卷

作者： Saisa H. Agusnar Z. Alfian I. Nainggolan 1Doctoral Program Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 North Sumatera Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh 23245 Aceh Indonesia 3Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 North Sumatera Indonesia

Coating of polymer chitosan as sensor film on copper electrode substrate (Cu) has become a concern of research development to improve responsivity, sensitivity, and economic value to detect hazardous preservatives in food, especially formalin. This study aims to enhance the activities of sensor for more responsive and higher sensitivity by adding metal oxide as an active agent. Chitosan thin film is prepared by 1.5% chitosan dissolved with 2% acetic acid and modified with active compound ZnO. The addition of ZnO NPs metal oxide is to improve sensitivity which viewed from SEM characterization results, the surface of morphology is smoother and flat on the surface of chitosan. Characterization of FT-IR showed ZnO was perfectly bound to amine bond of chitosan structure. The research method was conducted by cyclic voltammetry analysis to find out the results test of sensor sensitivity. The results showed chitosan-ZnO film sensor provides the best sensitivity on modification conditions of ZnO NPs 0.6% and 0.8%. Linearity analysis of sensor provides ideal value obtained at R-square value of 0.9886. Thus, it can be concluded that chitosan-ZnO thin-film sensor is hugely responsive to be used as an electrode sensor for detecting hazardous chemical compounds in food. Chitosan-ZnO film sensor can provide high activity as a biosensor electrode for detecting harmful compounds in foods that are sensitive, responsive, and has economic value.

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Developing sonication-based method as a preliminary qualitative study to analyze methamphetamine in the hair of the user at Datuk Etham rehabilitation center

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2267卷

作者： Nur Asyiah Dalimunthe Zul Alfian Basuki Wirjosentono Eddiyanto 1Doctoral Program Departement of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 Indonesia 2Departement of Chemical Engineering Akademi Teknik Indonesia Cut Meutia Medan Indonesia 3Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 Indonesia 4Department of Chemistry Universitas Negeri Medan Medan 20371 Indonesia

Determination of methamphetamine in the user can be done by analyzing their urine, blood, and hair. In this study, the analysis has been performed using the user's hair based on the advantage that the analysis still can be performed, even after 27 h. The effect of solvent to perform the qualitative study has been conducted at certain day, i.e. 0-12th, 30th, 60th, and 90th day. The reference methamphetamine was obtained from Laboratory of the Technical Service Unit Technical Services Testing and Field Identification Agency (BPIB). The analysis was begun with decontamination, destruction, sonication and Marquis test for qualitative data. Solvent that used in the sonication treatment showed a significant role, especially by using a mixture of methanol: acetone: ammonia.

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The effect of temperature changes on mechanistic performance of hotmix asphalt as wearing course with different gradation types

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期1977卷

作者： Senja Rum Harnaeni F. Pungky Pramesti Arif Budiarto Ary Setyawan 1Doctoral Program in Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia 3Civil Engineering Department Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Surakarta Indonesia 2Civil Engineering Department Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia

The performance of hot mix asphalt serves as wearing course with different aggregate gradation types, namely dense graded and gap graded, is empirically determined using Marshall test. Based on data bitumen penetration, bitumen softening point, volume of bitumen, volume of aggregate and volume of voids, the mechanistic performance of bitumen (for example : bitumen stiffness) and hot mix asphalt (such as asphalt mix stiffness and fatigue life asphalt mix) in relation with temperature changes can be predicted. This mechanistic performance of hot mix asphalt are solved by Shell nomograph that can be simulated by software BANDS 2.0. The mixture consists of Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) and Hot Rolled Sheet-Wearing Course (HRS-WC) by considering their different gradations, in addition to its widely using as wearing course in Indonesia. The study was initiated by testing bitumen and asphalt mixture materials, including asphalt penetration 60/70 according to Bina Marga (2010) specification of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate. Subsequently, preparation of gradation mixture for AC-WC and HRS-WC based on Bina Marga (2010) was carried out, followed by Marshall Test with five variations of bitumen content on each asphalt mixture to determine optimum bitumen content. Based on the result of optimum bitumen content, specimens were made to determine the Marshall properties of the two diverse gradation asphalt mixtures using Marshall Test. Furthermore, by using data bitumen penetration, bitumen softening point and Marshall test, i.e. volume of bitumen, volume of aggregate and volume of voids, the mechanistic performance of hot mix asphalt was measured. It indicated the difference of Marshall properties between the dense graded and gap graded mixture. The first asphalt mixture has greater stability, VFWA (Void Filled With Asphalt) and MQ (Marshall Quotient) in compared with the second mixture. On the contrary, the second mixture has higher values of flow, VIM (Void In th

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Integrated management system to achieve sustainable construction - A conceptual framework

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期1977卷

作者： Ringgy Masuin Yusuf Latief T. Yuri Zagloel Leni Sagita 1Doctoral Program of Civil Department Faculty of Engineering University of Indonesia Indonesia 2Professor of Civil Department Faculty of Engineering University of Indonesia Indonesia 3Professor of Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering University of Indonesia Indonesia 4Lecturer of Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering University of Indonesia Indonesia

Construction project inevitably consumes resources and generates large amounts of waste, hence the efforts to achieve sustainable construction are required. The integration of multiple management systems, information flow analysis, and optimization of operational processes will reinforce sustainable knowledge (science of sustainability). The absence of the management of consumption of resources and construction waste can be a serious problem for the environment, on the contrary management can generate profits. One of the keys to success in realizing sustainable construction is through the integrated management systems. Integrated management system potentially reduces the construction waste due to construction failure. Previous studies have discussed the suitable management model for sustainable development. Most of these studies are interpreted in the form of regression equations and multivariate form. However, only few discuss about the implementation of integrated management system in achieving sustainable construction. Therefore, this research used structural equation method to reveal the most suitable integrated management system related to sustainable construction.

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Stress-strain relationship of high-strength steel (HSS) reinforcing bars

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期1964卷

作者： Retno Anggraini Tavio I. Gede Putu Raka Agustiar 1Doctoral Candidate Department of Civil Engineering Institute Technology Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Surabaya Indonesia and Department of Civil Engineering Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia 2Department of Civil Engineering Institute Technology Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Surabaya Indonesia 3Doctoral Candidate Department of Civil Engineering Institute Technology Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Surabaya Indonesia and Department of Civil Engineering Muhammadiyah University of Aceh Banda Aceh Indonesia

The introduction of High-Strength Steel (HSS) reinforcing bars in reinforced concrete members has gained much attention in recent years and led to many advantages such as construction timesaving. It is also more economical since it can reduce the amount of reinforcing steel bars used in concrete members which in turn alleviates the congestion of reinforcement. Up to present, the building codes, e.g. American Concrete Institute (ACI) 318M-14 and Standard National Indonesia (SNI) 2847:2013, still restrict the use of higher-strength steel reinforcing bars for concrete design up to Grade 420 MPa due to the possible suspected brittle behavior of concrete members. This paper evaluates the characteristics of stress-strain relationships of HSS bars if they are comparable to the characteristics of those of Grade 420 MPa. To achieve the objective of the study, a series of steel bars from various grades (420, 550, 650, and 700 MPa) was selected. Tensile tests of these steel samples were conducted under displacement-controlled mode to capture the complete stress-strain curves and particularly the post-yield response of the steel bars. The results indicate that all the steel bars tested had the actual yield strengths greater than the corresponding specified values. The stress-strain curves of HSS reinforcing bars (Grade 550, 650, and 700 MPa) performed slightly different characteristics with those of Grade 420 MPa.

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Application of geoelectric method for groundwater exploration from surface (A literature study)

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期1977卷

作者： Eva Rolia Dwita Sutjiningsih 1Doctoral Program Student CivilEngineering Departement Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia. Lecturer at Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro Lampung Indonesia 2CivilEngineering Departement Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia

Groundwater utilization as a source of fresh water supply for various purposes in discharge area shows an ever to increasing trend, while land use of recharges also changes as development progresses. To meet its needs, many people rely on land-based exploration and exploitation. Groundwater is one of nature’s most valuable and inseparable resources for life on earth. Groundwater exploration requires appropriate and efficient techniques. One commonly used method is the electrical resistivity method since, it is efficient and economical to determine groundwater. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Method measurement of rock resistivity from the surface to determine the subsurface rocked layer [1]. Geoelectric resistivity is one of the variables which is the physical properties of the rock layers below the surface. Rock resistivity data can be used to develop a model of subsurface and stratigraphic structures in terms of electrical properties. Geoelectric resistivity depends on lithology, air content, porosity, and pore ions concentration [2]. Geoelectric method is divided into two parts: Mapping resistivity method as a resistivity method that aims to study horizontal variations of horizontal layer resistivity types and Resistivity sounding method or, the drilling resistivity method that studies the variety of rock resistivity beneath the surface of the earth vertically. Data processing of geoelectric measurement results can be done by standard curve method, 2-Dimensional method (Schlumberger and Wenner), 3-Dimensional Method (Configuration of dipole-dipole, Lee Partition Configuration, Rectangle Line Source, 3 Point Gradient System). Therefore, ambiguity in interpretation can occur and become indispensable for calibrating the geoelectric measurement data with available borehole data to establish the resistivity range of various lithology units. Resistivity data can be used to identify and describe subsurface features such as the presence and type of aquifers, contamina

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A review on the effect of fly ash characteristics and their variations on the synthesis of fly ash based geopolymer

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1887卷

作者： Oswyn K. Wattimena Antoni Djwantoro Hardjito 1Doctoral Program in Civil Engineering Petra Christian University Indonesia 2Civil Engineering Department Petra Christian University Indonesia

There are more than four decades since the last 1970s where geopolymers concrete was first introduced and developed to use as a replacement to conventional concrete material which uses cement as a binder. And since the last two decades, geopolymers which utilized fly ash as aluminosilicate source material, i.e. fly ash based geopolymers, have been investigated. Many researchers present how to produce the best fly ash based geopolymer with a various source of constituent material as well as mixing formula to achieve exceptional concrete performance. Although there is a similar trend towards factors affecting the result of fly ash based geopolymer synthesis, there is still remain a wide range in mixture proportion. The considerable variation in fly ash characteristics as source material in the synthesis can very likely be one of the causes of this problem. This paper attempts to identify the effect of source material variation of geopolymer concrete, particularly which use fly ash as source material and focuses on the variation of its characteristics and the effects to properties of concrete. From the reviews it concluded that different sources (and even the same source, but different batch) of fly ash materials will give some different characteristics of the fly ash, where it would affect the synthesis process of the fly ash based geopolymer concretes.

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