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Effect of sonication treatment on fibrilating snake fruit (Sallaca) frond fiber

AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期1931卷

作者： Seno Darmanto Heru S. B. Rochardjo Jamasri Ragil Widyorini 1Doctoral Program of Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Indonesia 4Department of Industrial Engineering Vocation School Universitas Diponegoro Indonesia 2Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Indonesia 3Department of Forest Product Technology Universitas Gadjah Mada Indonesia

Aim of this research is to investigate influence of chemical and sonication treatment on fibrillating and mechanical properties of snake fruit frond fiber. The presence of surface impurities and the large amount of hydroxyl groups in natural fibers make less attractive for polymeric materials reinforcement. Effort to remove the impurities can be done by few treatments that consist of physical, chemical and mechanical treatment. Snake fruit frond bundle fiber were firstly subjected to chemical treatments with alkali solution, steaming at 2 bar and steam explosion at 6 bar by 40 times releasing of steam. Advanced treatment is done by flowing ultrasonic wave at 20 kHz by 90 – 210 watt. The output of fibrillation can reach fiber in range 10 – 25 nm compared with 10.72 µm in diameter for sonication and 6 bar in pressure of steam with 40x of rapidly steam release respectively.

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A preliminary study of mechanistic approach in pavement design to accommodate climate change effects

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期129卷

作者： S R Harnaeni F P Pramesti A Budiarto A Setyawan Doctoral Program in Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sebelas Maret Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Kentingan Surakarta Central Java 57126 Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Jl. A. Yani Pabelan Kartasura Tromol Pos 1 Surakarta Central Java 57102 Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Universitas Sebelas Maret Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Kentingan Surakarta Central Java 57126 Indonesia

Road damage is caused by some factors, including climate changes, overload, and inappropriate procedure for material and development process. Meanwhile, climate change is a phenomenon which cannot be avoided. The effects observed include air temperature rise, sea level rise, rainfall changes, and the intensity of extreme weather phenomena. Previous studies had shown the impacts of climate changes on road damage. Therefore, several measures to anticipate the damage should be considered during the planning and construction in order to reduce the cost of road maintenance. There are three approaches generally applied in the design of flexible pavement thickness, namely mechanistic approach, mechanistic-empirical (ME) approach and empirical approach. The advantages of applying mechanistic approach or mechanistic-empirical (ME) approaches are its efficiency and reliability in the design of flexible pavement thickness as well as its capacity to accommodate climate changes in compared to empirical approach. However, generally, the design of flexible pavement thickness in Indonesia still applies empirical approach. This preliminary study aimed to emphasize the importance of the shifting towards a mechanistic approach in the design of flexible pavement thickness.

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Effect of space structures against development of transport infrastructure in Banda Aceh by using the concept of transit oriented development

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1903卷

作者： Fadhly Noer A. Rahim Matondang Sirojuzilam Sofyan M. Saleh 1Doctoral Student of the School Pascasarjana Regional Planning University of North Sumatera Indonesia (Lecturer at engineering faculty university of Syiah Kuala) 2Doctoral Program in Educational Pascasrjana Regional Planning University of North Sumatera Indonesia 3Doctoral Program in Educational Pascasrjana Regional Planning University of North Sumatera Indonesia 4Faculty of Civil Engineering Department of the University of Syiah Kuala Indonesia

Due to the shifting of city urban development causing the shift of city services center, so there is a change in space pattern and space structure in Banda Aceh, then resulting urban sprawl which can lead to congestion problem occurs on the arterial road in Banda Aceh, it can be seen from the increasing number of vehicles per year by 6%. Another issue occurs by urban sprawl is not well organized of settlement due to the uncontrolled use of space so that caused grouping or the differences in socioeconomic strata that can impact to the complexity of population mobility problem. From this background problem considered to be solved by a concept that is Transit Oriented Development (TOD), that is a concept of transportation development in co-operation with spatial. This research will get the model of transportation infrastructure development with TOD concept that can handle transportation problem in Banda Aceh, due to change of spatial structure, and to find whether TOD concept can use for the area that has a population in medium density range. The result that is obtained equation so the space structure is: Space Structure = 0.520 + 0.206X3 + 0.264X6 + 0.100X7 and Transportation Infrastructure Development = -1.457 + 0.652X1 + 0.388X5 + 0.235X6 + 0.222X7 + 0.327X8, So results obtained with path analysis method obtained variable influences, node ratio, network connectivity, travel frequency, travel destination, travel cost, and travel time, it has a lower value when direct effect with transportation infrastructure development, but if the indirect effect through the structure of space has a greater influence, can be seen from spatial structure path scheme – transportation infrastructure development.

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Evaluation of bolted connections in wood-plastic composites

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1818卷

作者： Yudhi Arnandha Iman Satyarno Ali Awaludin Inggar Septia Irawati Muhamad Ihsan Felyx Biondy Wijanarko William Mahdinur Arfiati Fardhani 1Doctoral Graduate Programme Student Civil Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Indonesia 2Civil Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Indonesia 3Under Graduate Programme Student Civil Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Indonesia

Wood-plastic composite (WPC) is a relatively new material that consists of sawdust and plastic polymer using the extrusion process. Due to its attributes such as low water content, low maintenance, UV durability and being fungi and termite resistant. Nowadays, WPC has already been produced in Indonesia using sawdust from local wood such as Albizia (Paraserianthes falcataria) and Teak (Tectona grandis). Moreover preliminary studies about the physical and mechanical WPC board from Albizia sawdust and HDPE plastic have been carried out. Based on these studies, WPC has a high shear strength around 25–30 MPa higher than its original wood shear strength. This paper was a part of the research in evaluating WPC as potential sheathing in a shear wall system. Since still little is known about connection behavior in WPC using Indonesian local wood, this study evaluated the connection for both of these two types of wood-plastic composite. WPC board from Albizia sawdust will be projected as shear wall sheathing and WPC stud from Teak sawdust projected to be shear wall frame. For this study, the embedding strength for both WPC was determined according to ASTM D 5764 standard, using two types of bolts (stainless bolt and standard bolt) with several diameters as variation (6 mm, 8 mm, 10 and 12 mm). Hence, dowel-bearing test under fastened condition conducted accordance to ASTM D5652, hereby the yield strength then compared with the prediction yield strength from European Yield Model (EYM). According to both single and double shear connection, it can be concluded that yield strength from the EYM method tended to under-predict the 5% diameter offset yield than the actual yield strength from the test. The yield strength itself increase with the increase of bolt diameter. For single shear connection, the highest yield strength was 12 mm standard bolt around 9732 N, slightly higher than stainless bolt around 9393 N. Whereby for double shear connection, the highest yield strength was 12

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Analysis of land use in the Banyuasin district using the image Landsat 8 by NDVI method

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1903卷

作者： Indrayani Erika Buchari Dinar D. A. Putranto Edward Saleh 1Doctoral Student of Environmental Science of Sriwijaya University Palembang Indonesia 2Civil Engineering Department State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya Palembang Indonesia 3Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Sriwijaya University Palembang Indonesia 4Faculty of Agriculture Sriwijaya University Palembang Indonesia

Land use is one important factor in the planning of infrastructure development. The development that does not consider land use may cause an impact to environmental degradation. In minimizing the time and costs, the introduction of land use in an area could be done with remote sensing technology, one of the methods that could be used is the Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI). NDVI is a combination of a multi-spectral band by using a wavelength Red and Near Infra-Red (NIR) on image Landsat 8 to estimate the vegetation cover. Than each classification of vegetation density will provide the reflectance value. In this study, the land cover classification result based on vegetation density by NDVI method, namely 0.5120 – 0.3706 for the low-density vegetation area; 0.3706 – 0.6149 for the moderate density vegetation area; and 0.6149 – 0.8677 for the high-density vegetation area. While the overall accuracy percentage of land use classification was 80%.

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Techno-economic analysis of a central receiver power plant with different levels of storage capacity and hybridization

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期2033卷

作者： Daniel L. C. Costa José H. M. Neto 1Energy Engineering Master’s Degree Mechanical Engineer. Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais Department of Mechanical Engineering – Master Program of Energy Engineering. Address: Av. Amazonas 7675 Belo Horizonte-MG Brazil 30510-000. Phone: +55-31-999986464 2Civil Engineering Doctoral Degree Mechanical Engineering Master’s Degree Mechanical Engineer. Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais Department of Mechanical Engineering – Master Program of Energy Engineering. Address: Av. Amazonas 7675 Belo Horizonte-MG Brazil 30510-000

The energy storage and fossil-backup (fossil-hybridization) systems of a concentrating solar power plant (CSP) provide a continuous production of energy all over the year and satisfy the grid demand even when the sun is not shining. One could ask about the behavior of the energy production, or the levelized energy cost, as a function of the energy storage and of the fossil-hybridization in such plants. This paper tries to answer this question. For this task, there have been performed numerous simulations on a central receiver plant with a fixed nominal power, varying the storage capacity and the level of hybridization. The results showed that these variables impact differently. For the thermal storage, from capacities ranging from 0h to 24h, there is a specific intermediary capacity, 15h, in which the levelized energy cost is minimum. But for the fossil-hybridization, this energy cost always decreases with the increment of the hybrid level. The results also showed that, if a given energy production is supported by a certain level of hybridization, its energy cost would be less than that supported by a storage system. This is due to the relatively high investment costs related to the storage system, and the relatively low cost of fuel.

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Urban forests for sustainable urban development

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1903卷

作者： Denny M. Sundara Djoko M. Hartono Emirhadi Suganda Herman Haeruman J. S. 1Doctoral Student at Environmental Science Program University of Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya no. 4 Jakarta-10430 Indonesia 2Faculty of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering University of Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 3Faculty of Engineering Department of Architecture Engineering University of Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 4Environmental Science Program University of Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya no. 4 Jakarta-10430 Indonesia

This paper explores the development of the urban forest in East Jakarta. By 2030 Jakarta area has a target of 30% green area covering 19,845 hectares, including urban forest covering an area of 4,631 hectares. In 2015, the city forest is only 646 hectares, while the city requires 3,985 hectares of new land Urban forest growth from year to year showed a marked decrease with increasing land area awoke to commercial functions, environmental conditions encourage the development of the city to become unsustainable. This research aims to support sustainable urban development and ecological balance through the revitalization of green areas and urban development. Analytical methods for urban forest area is calculated based on the amount of CO2 that comes from people, vehicles, and industrial. Urban spatial analysis based on satellite image data, using a GIS program is an analysis tool to determine the distribution and growth patterns of green areas. This paper uses a dynamic system model to simulate the conditions of the region against intervention to be performed on potential areas for development of urban forests. The result is a model urban forest area is integrated with a social and economic function to encourage the development of sustainable cities.

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Study of morphometry to debit drainage basin (DAS) arau Padang city

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1903卷

作者： Lusi Utama Amrizal Isril Berd Zuherna 1Students of Civil Engineering Doctoral Program Andalas University Padang Indonesia 2Lecturer Department of Agriculture Andalas University Indonesia 3Lecturer Department of Agriculture Andalas University Indonesia 4Lecturer Department of Civil Engineering Bung Hatta University Indonesia

High intensity rain that happened in Padang city cause the happening of floods at DAS Arau. Floods that happened in Padang besides caused high rain intensity, require to be by research about morphometry that is cause parameter the happening of floods. Morphometry drainage basin physical network (DAS) quantitatively related to DAS geomorphology that is related to form of DAS, river network, closeness of stream, ramp, usage of farm, high and gradient steepness of river. Form DAS will influence rain concentration to outlet. Make an index to closeness of stream depict closeness of river stream at one particular DAS. Speed of river stream influenced by storey, level steepness of river. Steepness storey, level is comparison of difference height of river downstream and upstream. Ever greater of steepness of river stream, excelsior speed of river stream that way on the contrary. High to lower speed of river stream influence occurrence of floods, more than anything else if when influenced by debit big. Usage of farm in glove its link to process of infiltration where if geology type which is impermeable, be difficult the happening of infiltration, this matter will enlarge value of run off. Research by descriptive qualitative that is about characteristic of DAS. Method the used is method survey with data collecting, in the form of rainfall data of year 2005 until year 2015 and Image of DEM IFSAR with resolution 5 meter, analyzed use Software ARGIS. Result of research got by DAS reside in at condition of floods gristle.

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Study on resistant properties for cracking caused by shrinkage with volume change of concrete using high volume blast furnace slag cement 4

Study on resistant properties for cracking caused by shrinka...

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4th International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, SCMT 2016

作者： Arai, Jun-Ichi Ishizeki, Kousuke Kanda, Tetsushi Kojima, Masaro Mizobuchi, Toshiaki Major of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate school of Engineering and Design Doctoral Program HOSEI University 2-33 Tamachi-Ichigaya Shinjuku-kuTokyo162-0843 Japan Building Construction Group KAJIMA Technical Research Institute KAJIMA Corporation 2-19-1 Tobitakyu Chofu city Tokyo182-0012 Japan Takenaka Research and Development Institute Takenaka Corporation 5-1 1-chome Otsuka Inzai-city Chiba270-1735 Japan Faculty of Engineering and Design HOSEI University 2-33 Tamachi-Ichigaya Shinjuku-ku Tokyo162-0843 Japan

In this study, using a new high volume blast furnace slag cement type C developed in order to improve the effect of inhibition of thermal crack in concrete and the resistance of thermal crack by means of expansion strain in early age obtained by appropriately selecting the dosage of gypsum and calcium carbonate, experiments to evaluate the material were carried out using the testing device in which it was possible to simulate the behavior of thermal stress inside the member in existing structure in the laboratory in order to evaluate the resistance of cracking of concrete. As the result, it was confirmed to have the resistance of crack in which concrete used the new high volume blast furnace slag cement type C was more superior to concrete using Ordinary Portland cement and Portland blast furnace slag type B on the cracking time and stress at cracking. Furthermore, it was also confirmed to the effect of stress relaxation caused by creep in which concrete used the new high volume blast furnace slag cement type C was more superior to the above concrete. © 2016 International Committee of the SCMT conferences. All rights reserved.

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Feature extraction methods for batik pattern recognition: A review

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2016年第1期1755卷

作者： Anita Ahmad Kasim Retantyo Wardoyo Agus Harjoko 1Doctoral Program of Department of Computer Sciences and Electronics Instrumentations Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia 2Department of Informatics Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Tadulako Palu Indonesia 3Department of Computer Sciences and Electronics Instrumentations Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia

Batik is one of the world’s cultural heritages with various decorative patterns. Each batik has its unique pattern characteristic such as color intensity, ornament visualisation and ornament size. Batik with a large-sized ornament and a high-intensity color on its background will result in a clear edge and easy-to-recognise ornaments. While batik with a small-sized ornament and a low-intensity color of the background will produce slight edge ornaments, thus it becomes difficult to recognise. In order to recognise any patterns of batik, some features that can represent each pattern are becomes necessary. Batik pattern features can be obtained from various methods of feature extraction. This paper will address various methods of feature extraction of batik for recognising batik patterns. These methods of feature extraction are categorised into several groups based on visual features produced by batik including feature extraction of color, texture formed in batik, and shape of batik ornament. The grouping of extraction methods in batik aims to describe the methods for extracting features from batik pattern to improve the recognition level of batik pattern.

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