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Feasibility study of municipal solid waste incinerator and flue gas treatments

AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2772卷

作者： Diki Ismail Permana Dani Rusirawan Istvan Farkas 1Doctoral study of Mechanical Engineering Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Science 2100 Pater Karoly Godollo Hungary 2Department of Mechanical Engineering Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung Jalan PHH. Musthopa No.23 Bandung 40123 Indonesia 3Institut of Technology Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Science 2100 Pater Karoly Godollo Hungary

Hungary produces nearly 2 million tons of food waste every year and produces municipal solid waste (MSW) of about 4.1 million tons per year. If it translates into the term of the energy, it will be equal to the value of 6275 kJ (high heating value/HHV), and it will produce a potential of 748.9 billion kJ per day, on a national scale. However, the amount of energy produced by waste depends on the composition of the waste. Moreover, in practice, the conversion of waste into electrical energy is not as direct as converting coal or natural gas. Many technologies have been developed and methodologies in dealing with MSW. In several European countries, the handling of MSW is mostly done by mechanical way, biological waste management (MBT) and waste incineration. In this study, some methods for managing MSW into energy, which are suitable in Hungary MSW energy recovery, will be elaborated. In Hungary it-self there is a MSW incineration plant located in the capital city of Budapest with a processing capacity of 420 thousand tons of MSW, which can produce 24 MW of power. In the process of burning waste in a boiler that requires high temperature and pressure, the incinerator produces high concentrations of chlorine and sulfur because it is caused by a high temperature corrosion. To reduce the impact caused by the MSW incinerator, flue gas treatment is needed. The most commonly used methods are fabric filter and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system.

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Polymer of chitosan with ZnO addition to optimize high responsivity and sensitivity in sensor film

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2267卷

作者： Saisa H. Agusnar Z. Alfian I. Nainggolan 1Doctoral Program Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 North Sumatera Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh 23245 Aceh Indonesia 3Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 North Sumatera Indonesia

Coating of polymer chitosan as sensor film on copper electrode substrate (Cu) has become a concern of research development to improve responsivity, sensitivity, and economic value to detect hazardous preservatives in food, especially formalin. This study aims to enhance the activities of sensor for more responsive and higher sensitivity by adding metal oxide as an active agent. Chitosan thin film is prepared by 1.5% chitosan dissolved with 2% acetic acid and modified with active compound ZnO. The addition of ZnO NPs metal oxide is to improve sensitivity which viewed from SEM characterization results, the surface of morphology is smoother and flat on the surface of chitosan. Characterization of FT-IR showed ZnO was perfectly bound to amine bond of chitosan structure. The research method was conducted by cyclic voltammetry analysis to find out the results test of sensor sensitivity. The results showed chitosan-ZnO film sensor provides the best sensitivity on modification conditions of ZnO NPs 0.6% and 0.8%. Linearity analysis of sensor provides ideal value obtained at R-square value of 0.9886. Thus, it can be concluded that chitosan-ZnO thin-film sensor is hugely responsive to be used as an electrode sensor for detecting hazardous chemical compounds in food. Chitosan-ZnO film sensor can provide high activity as a biosensor electrode for detecting harmful compounds in foods that are sensitive, responsive, and has economic value.

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An assessment of potential infiltration areas to support groundwater supply system in Jagakarsa, South Jakarta, based on Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) analysis

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental engineering 2024年 10卷

作者： Suprapti, Suprapti Kusuma, Muhammad Syahril Badri Kardhana, Hadi Cahyono, Muhammad Doctoral Program of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Jawa Barat Bandung 40132 Indonesia Study Program of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta Jl. Meruya Selatan No. 01 Kembangan Barat Jakarta 11650 Indonesia Water Resources Engineering Group Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Jawa Barat Bandung 40132 Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering and Sciences Ibnu Khaldun Bogor University Jl. Sholeh Iskandar Km. 2 Kota Bogor Jawa Barat 16162 Indonesia Research Center for Ecohydrology Ecohydraulics and Engineering Science Bandung Jl. Babakan Jeruk 1 No. 100 Jawa Barat Bandung 40132 Indonesia

Jagakarsa is an urban area in South Jakarta, Indonesia, that uses groundwater for raw water because there are no clean water supply facilities. The significant increase in the need for clean water due to increasing urbanization threatens groundwater availability to maintain the balance of the surrounding environment. Natural conditions with a deep layer of clay and a dense built environment further increase runoff capacity because water has difficulty seeping into the soil. The intense extraction of groundwater without balancing groundwater recharge results in land subsidence. Until now, there has been no research on this issue. Thus, our research is necessary. This research aims to assess the potential of groundwater infiltration areas in Jagakarsa. Due to limited data, as a first step, we used a qualitative model with MCDM analysis (AHP and MIF methods) integrated with GIS to map potential groundwater recharge areas. The AHP method is explained in detail with a matrix system formula, readers can understand the calculation steps more easily. This study uses five influencing factors: geological formation, land use, slope, rainfall, and soil type. The results show that most study locations have low potential (AHP 74.49 % and MIF 75.25 %) for groundwater recharge. This groundwater recharge potential map was validated using groundwater level measurements. The accuracy of the AHP is 74.51 %, and the MIF method reaches 75.26 %. Therefore, further research is needed to obtain appropriate and effective technology for maintaining groundwater availability. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： AHP-MIF-GIS Groundwater Jagakarsa-South Jakarta MCDA Potential infiltration area

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The concentration of microplastic in water and fish (Gambusia affinis) collected from Brantas River

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2021年第1期2353卷

作者： N. R. Buwono Y. Risjani A. Soegianto 1Doctoral Study Program of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University Surabaya Indonesia. 2Department of Water Resources Management Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia. 4Aquares Research Group Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia. 3Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University Surabaya Indonesia.

The Brantas River is a freshwater river that flows in the area of Malang. The current quality of the Brantas River has decreased due to microplastic contamination. Microplastic has dynamic properties and high flexibility accumulating in the waters and organisms. The purpose of the study was to determine the type and abundance of microplastic in water and Gambusia affinis fish in the Brantas River Malang area. This study employed a survey method and sampling which was carried out in five different locations based on land used. The identification of microplastics used NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS-OR&R-48 as the standard method. Two-way ANOVA analysis was used to determine the differences in the abundance of microplastics in water and fish at different stations. The average abundance of microplastic in water samples is equal to 5593.33 ± 1137.35 particles/m3 and in gambusia fish samples is 3.09 ± 0.29 particles/individual. Microplastic in the water samples was dominated by fragments type, while fibers type had mainly founded in gambusia fish samples. The result of the abundance of microplastic of water samples and fish samples was different at each station was influenced by their respective land uses.

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Urban forests for sustainable urban development

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1903卷

作者： Denny M. Sundara Djoko M. Hartono Emirhadi Suganda Herman Haeruman J. S. 1Doctoral Student at Environmental Science Program University of Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya no. 4 Jakarta-10430 Indonesia 2Faculty of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering University of Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 3Faculty of Engineering Department of Architecture Engineering University of Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 4Environmental Science Program University of Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya no. 4 Jakarta-10430 Indonesia

This paper explores the development of the urban forest in East Jakarta. By 2030 Jakarta area has a target of 30% green area covering 19,845 hectares, including urban forest covering an area of 4,631 hectares. In 2015, the city forest is only 646 hectares, while the city requires 3,985 hectares of new land Urban forest growth from year to year showed a marked decrease with increasing land area awoke to commercial functions, environmental conditions encourage the development of the city to become unsustainable. This research aims to support sustainable urban development and ecological balance through the revitalization of green areas and urban development. Analytical methods for urban forest area is calculated based on the amount of CO2 that comes from people, vehicles, and industrial. Urban spatial analysis based on satellite image data, using a GIS program is an analysis tool to determine the distribution and growth patterns of green areas. This paper uses a dynamic system model to simulate the conditions of the region against intervention to be performed on potential areas for development of urban forests. The result is a model urban forest area is integrated with a social and economic function to encourage the development of sustainable cities.

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Characterization and performances of hydrophobic polymer membrane modified with dragon’s blood resin

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2613卷

作者： Aulia Chintia Ambarita Sri Mulyati Nasrul Arahman Muhammad Roil Bilad 1Doctoral School of Engineering Science School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 3Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link-Gadong BE1401 Brunei

Hydrophobic membranes have limitations, which are the low permeation rate and susceptible to fouling, therefore membrane modifications are generally required. In this paper, hydrophobic polymer membrane modification has been studied by mixing dragon's blood resin (DBR) as bio additive. Two types of polymers were used, they were polyethersulfon (M-3 PES) and polyvinylidene Two types of polymers were used, they were polyethersulfon (M-3 PES) and polyvinylidene fluoride (M-3 PVDF) with a concentration of 14.5% polymer and 3% DBR. The results showed that M-3 PES had greater porosity, water uptake, pore size, and clean water flux than M3-PVDF. However, the antifouling performance of M-3 PVDF membrane tends to be better than M-3 PES, as well as its rejection. Both membranes tend to be stable even after repeated use.

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Environmental literacy among biology pre-service teachers: A pilot study

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期2014卷

作者： Aynin Mashfufah J. Nurkamto Sajidan Wiranto 1Doctoral Program of Education Science Sebelas Maret University Ir Sutami 36 A Kentingan Surakarta Indonesia 2Education Science Faculty IKIP PGRI Jember East Java Indonesia 3Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University Ir Sutami 36 A Kentingan Surakarta Indonesia 4Postgraduate Program of Science Education of Sebelas Maret University Ir Sutami 36 A Kentingan Surakarta Indonesia 5Informatics Study Program of Sebelas Maret University Ir Sutami 36 A Kentingan Surakarta Indonesia

Environmental literacy needs to emerge to our generation to understand and respond to the natural environment changes through the environmentally friendly habits. This study examines the level of environmental literacy variables of Biology pre-service teachers, analysis the difference of environmental literacy between males and females and shows the correlation between variables. Completing questionnaire was conducted at three universities in East Java by 116 respondents. The variable comprises of environmental knowledge, attitude, utilization perception, and concern. Formal and informal learning contribute to empowering environmental literacy due to inadequately of environmental expertise and hesitancy in land utilization for individual need and protection of wildlife habitats. There was a significant difference between males and females on attitude and concern variable. Female is more positive attitude and sensitive to environmental problems than male. A positive correlation between knowledge, attitude, and concern assumed that the higher the knowledge, the higher the beliefs and concerns about environmental and its problems. The more positive the attitudes, the higher concerns about environmental challenges.

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Sustainable and integrated industrial wastewater treatment as a base of green industry 4.0

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2667卷

作者： Rame Rame Purwanto Purwanto Sudarno Sudarno 1Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Diponegoro Semarang 50241 Indonesia 2Center of Industrial Pollution Prevention Technology Jl. Ki Mangunsarkoro No. 6 Semarang 50241 Indonesia 3Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang 50275 Indonesia 4Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang 50275 Indonesia

With the fast development of the global economy and population, there has been an increase in the amount of wastewater and industrial effluents being discharged into rivers and lakes, resulting in deterioration of water quality and a reduction in the availability of freshwater resources. A comprehensive discussion of the topic of Industrial Wastewater Treatment Integrated for Sustainable Green Industry 4.0, including the difficulties and possible solutions that may be encountered along the way, is provided in this article. According to the results of this study, industrial wastewater treatment that uses online/real-time water for quality monitoring and control has shown great promise in terms of quality monitoring and control when utilizing online/real-time water. Implementing such a system in industrial wastewater treatment may offer an early warning system for poor treatment while increasing the quantity and quality of the end product, both of which are desired outcomes.

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Digitizing microalgae production to support green process facing industry 4.0 era

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2667卷

The microalgae industry produces and processes microalgae such as Arthrospira platensis, Chlorella Vulgaris, and Haematococcus Pluvialis as raw materials. The product of the microalgae industry in Indonesia consists of raw materials, extract products, and retail products. The sales activity tends to rise, impacting the financial conditions of the industry in good condition. The potential of this business field is vast with open market demand so that the continuity of production and marketing of diversified products is still guaranteed. Problems and needs facing the Microalgae industry in Indonesia are the whole processes from upstream to downstream in the microalgae industry still manual. It replaced conventional methods with more efficient advanced green technologies that offer greater product quantity and low environmental impact. Literature reviews, observations in the industry, and interviews to evaluate development strategies to help the microalgae industry solves the problems in cultivation, drying techniques, standard fulfillment, and marketing by applying more efficient technology. Based on the analysis of conditions and opportunities, there are some critical aspects of microalgae industry development, namely the creation of an online monitoring application system of production pools that can be implemented in the field according to standards; construction design of encapsulation include spray drying. Moreover, a circular economy fulfills food safety standards such as halal certification, Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point, and Good Manufacturing Practice standards. Additionally, improvement of qualifications and competencies of reliable marketing personnel in the manufacture of marketing tools.

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Photostability study of new photosensitizer from dregs of green tea and its antibacterial adjustment against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2638卷

作者： Renny Indrawati Elok Zubaidah Aji Sutrisno Leenawaty Limantara Philemon Luigi Tatas Hardo Panintingjati Brotosudarmo 1Doctoral Program in Food Science Faculty of Agricultural Technology Brawijaya University Jalan Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia 2Ma Chung Research Center for Photosynthetic Pigments Universitas Ma Chung Villa Puncak Tidar N-1 Malang 65151 Indonesia 3Department of Agricultural Product Technology Faculty of Agricultural Technology Brawijaya University Malang 65145 Indonesia 4Center for Urban Studies Universitas Pembangunan Jaya South Tangerang 15413 Indonesia 5Chemistry Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Ma Chung Malang 65151 Indonesia

The dregs of green teas have recently been investigated as a potential source of pigments which exhibits antibacterial effects via the photodynamic mechanism. The dregs contain chlorophyll derivatives and trace carotenoids, which can absorb visible lights and produce cytotoxic radicals. The present research was aimed to perform: (i) the photostability study of pigments extract from dregs of green teaunder the illumination of red LED (light-emitting diode) lamp, and (ii) the evaluation of photodynamic antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 upon the adjustment of either illumination time or sensitizer concentration. The pigments extract from the dregs was irradiated under a red LED lamp at 300 µmol/m2s for 40 minutes while being periodically observed using UV-Visible spectrophotometer and high-performance liquid chromatography. The microbial assay was performed by positioning the mixture of photosensitizer and liquid culture of bacteria under the illumination of a red LED lampwith a series of incubation times (10, 20, 30, and 40 minutes) as well as sensitizer concentration (25, 50, 100, and 150 µg/mL). The result showed that irradiation treatment with red LED altered pigments composition, in which the fractions of chlorophyll derivatives exhibited desirable photostability, while the carotenoids residue rapidly degraded. Thirty minutes illumination of bacterial culture with photosensitizer at 150 µg/mL caused up to 0.79 log reduction of E. coli.

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