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Development of microheaters for gas sensor with an AT-Mega 8535 temperature controller using a PWM (pulse width modulation) method

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2016年第1期1719卷

作者： Meti Megayanti Camellia Panatarani I. Made Joni 1Instrumentation System and Functional Material Processing Laboratory Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21 Jatinangor 45363 West Java Indonesia

Microheater is the main component in gas sensor characterized by their sensitivity, selectivity, and time response of gas sensor which is depend on the microheater temperature stability. A Cu microheater was developed and utilized AT-Mega 8535 controller using a PWM (pulse width modulation) method. This control system is interfaced to the PC to observe the real time temperature response of the microheater. Three initial resistance (R0) variations of microheater were developed in an open loop control system. The power characteristic of designed microheater depends on the specified microheater initial resistance. The smaller R0, the less power required to reach a temperature setting value. The developed microheater was designed to reach a temperature setting value of 250°C having resistance 0.531 Ω for 1.979 Watt and 0.265 Ω for 1.072 Watt respectively. The results of the investigation on the control performances shows microheater-control system achieved operating temperature up to 250°C. The response of the temperature control shows smallest R0 resulted in a high stability with short settling time, short delay time and small ripple for temperature setting values higher than 150°C. The obtained error of microheater temperature with R0 = 0.265 is 8.596 %. It is concluded that the developed microheater can be utilized as a component of a gas sensor.

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Purification and preparation of graphite oxide from natural graphite

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2016年第1期1719卷

作者： C. Panatarani N. Muthahhari Anton Rianto I. Made Joni 1Instrumentation Systems and Functional Material Processing Laboratory Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran Padjadjaran University Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21 Jatinangor 45363 Jawa Barat Indonesia 2Grafindo Nusantara Ltd. Belagio Mall Lantai 2 Unit 0 L3-19 Kawasan Mega Kuningan Kav. B4 No.3 Jakarta Selatan Indonesia

Graphite oxide has attracted much interest as a possible route for preparation of natural graphite in the large-scale production and manipulation of graphene as a material with extraordinary electronic properties. Graphite oxide was prepared by modified Hummers method from purified natural graphite sample from West Kalimantan. We demonstrated that natural graphite is well-purified by acid leaching method. The purified graphite was proceed for intercalating process by modifying Hummers method. The modification is on the reaction time and temperature of the intercalation process. The materials used in the intercalating process are H2SO4 and KMNO4. The purified natural graphite is analyzed by carbon content based on Loss on Ignition test. The thermo gravimetricanalysis and the Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy are performed to investigate the oxidation results of the obtained GO which is indicated by the existence of functional groups. In addition, the X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are also applied to characterize respectively for the crystal structure and elemental analysis. The results confirmed that natural graphite samples with 68% carbon content was purified into 97.68 % carbon content. While the intercalation process formed a formation of functional groups in the obtained GO. The results show that the temperature and reaction times have improved the efficiency of the oxidation process. It is concluded that these method could be considered as an important route for large-scale production of graphene.

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Effect of binders on natural graphite powder-based gas diffusion electrode for Mg-air cell

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2016年第1期1719卷

作者： Ghenadi Arinton Anton Rianto Ferry Faizal Darmawan Hidayat Sahrul Hidayat Camellia Panatarani I. Made Joni 1Grafindo Nusantara Ltd. Bellagio Mall Lantai 2 Unit 0 L3-19 Kawasan Mega Kuningan Kav. B4 No. 3 Jakarta Selatan Indonesia 2Instrumentation System and Functional Material Processing Laboratory Department of Physic Universitas Padjadjaran Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21 Jatinangor West Java 45363 Indonesia 3Energy and System Laboratory Department of Physic Universitas Padjadjaran Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21 Jatinangor West Java 45363 Indonesia

This paper mainly discussed the electrical performance of gas diffusion electrode of Mg-Air Cell. The gas diffusion electrodes (GDE) use a natural graphite powder as catalyst material. The effect of additional binders to the GDE have been investigated to improve electrode performances. Several types of GDE have been developed using binder materials such as epoxy resin, natural clay, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and urea-formaldehyde (UF). By using discharge performance measurement, the characteristics of the as-prepared GDEs are reported.

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