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A short review on industrial grade oxygen production from air by pressure swing adsorption

AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2610卷

作者： Zykamilia Kamin Cynthia Chin Awang Bono 1Oil and Gas Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 2Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 3GRISM Innovative Solutions Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

Oxygen notably has high demand to be used in industrial applications. It is crucial that effective and efficient technology needs to be developed to coping this situation. Generally, oxygen is generated through cryogenic distillation, which requires the air to undergo cooling, compression, and further purification. It can produce almost 99% oxygen purity, but it is cost-intensive and has high energy consumption. Therefore, pressure swing adsorption (PSA) is developed for oxygen production, which has uncomplicated operating principles and is cost-efficient with generating relatively high product purity. In this paper, a brief review of pressure swing adsorption is presented. The usage of oxygen produced through pressure swing adsorption has been reviewed for on-board oxygen generation systems (OBOGS) and oxy-enriched incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW). In addition, assumptions and correlations for material, heat and energy balances, as well as the adsorption equilibrium are included. This work also addresses the suitable adsorbents to be used to generate oxygen through pressure swing adsorption.

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A short review on application of nanoemulsion for enhanced oil recovery

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2610卷

作者： Muhamad Afif Naqiudien Aladin Hardyianto Vai Bahrun Zykamilia Kamin Zainal Zakaria Awang Bono 1Oil and Gas Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 2Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 3GRISM Innovative Solutions Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

oil and gas industry contribute to a major energy resource in the world. Depletion of oil and gas reservoir has attracted researchers on the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique to extract the residual oil content in the reservoir after primary and secondary treatment. Since various techniques of EOR are available to be potentially applied, however, nanoemulsion extraction technique has gained attention for further exploration, owing to its favorable properties for EOR, especially in terms of its kinetic stability. Two methods for synthesizing nanoemulsion including low energy and high energy method were discussed. High energy method offers various advantages, mainly related to stability and amount of surfactant, which directly related to cost. Also, the different types of surfactants for nanoemulsion synthesis have been clearly distinguished and the mechanism of nanoemulsion flooding for the EOR has been briefly discussed. Lastly, the compilation of previous research on the application of nanoemulsion for EOR has been outlined.

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A short review on pressure swing adsorption (PSA) technology for nitrogen generation from air

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2610卷

作者： Zykamilia Kamin Mohd H. V. Bahrun Awang Bono 1Oil and Gas Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 2Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 3GRISM Innovative Solution Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

Nitrogen is among the essential industrial gases after oxygen and hydrogen commonly obtained through the air separation process. Air separation is one of the essential gas separation processes in many chemical industries since it accounts for a substantial element of production costs in related sectors. In response to this increasing need, one of the most substantial areas of investigation is the quest for cost-effective and energy-efficient air separation processes. Different technologies for nitrogen generation from the air, such as cryogenic distillation, membrane separation, and pressure swing adsorption (PSA), were discussed. PSA offers various advantages, mainly related to cost, low-energy penalty, environmental impact, and modularity. Since its first invention, the three different configurations of PSA have been distinguished. The dynamic behavior of PSA is well described using the simplified coupled mass, momentum, and energy balances, with some related correlations. Herein, comprehensive correlations were presented for easy reference. As a flexible process and a viable alternative to existing nitrogen generation technologies, we anticipate that the PSA technology will significantly contribute to a wide range of chemical industries in the near future.

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Removal of pesticides-containing phenolic compounds using packed bed adsorption: A short review

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2610卷

作者： Zykamilia Kamin Elysandra Peter Mohd Hardyianto Vai Bahrun Chiam Chel Ken Normalija Battak Awang Bono 1Oil and Gas Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 2Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 3GRISM Innovative Solution Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

Phenolic compounds are very toxic if released to the environment through the extensive usage of pesticides in the agriculture sector. This review paper aims to review the adsorption process of phenolic compounds from aqueous media. The preliminary assessment on the uncontrolled application of pesticides containing phenolic compounds confirmed phenolic compounds' health and environmental risk in the aqueous environment. Based on the review, the best adsorbent for the uptake of phenolic compounds is the carbon-based adsorbent. The highest reported adsorption capacity is 1000 mg/g by activated neem leaf. However, the adsorption capacities are varied from 1 to 1000 mg/g and are affected by different parameters: pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, the phenol's initial concentration, and contact time. Activated carbon-based adsorbent achieves the highest adsorption capacities, followed by synthetic and polymeric resin, and lastly bio-sorbent/wastes.

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Synthesis and optimization of surfactant-stabilized palm oil-based nanoemulsion for enhanced oil recovery

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2610卷

作者： Mohd H. V. Bahrun Zykamilia Kamin Nur I. R. Idris Muhamad A. N. Aladin Awang Bono 1Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 2Oil and Gas Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 3GRISM Innovative Solution Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

Nanoemulsions have been reported as a suitable alternative for potential use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) by reducing the interfacial tension of the oil-water system and altering rock wettability. However, their production can be costly and have unstable colloidal properties. Hence, this work is aimed to produce stable oil-in-water nanoemulsion at a lower cost using refined palm oil and surfactants of Tween 60 and Span 80 *** ratio of 2:1 via ultrasonication method. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effect of surfactant concentration (5 – 30 mL), sonication time (0 – 15 min), and sonication power (0 – 375 W) on droplet size and zeta potential of nanoemulsion as well as an approach to optimize nanoemulsions preparation. The coefficient of determinations for droplets size and zeta potential were 0.8712 and 0.8041, respectively. The optimum conditions for nanoemulsions preparation were 5.0 mL surfactant concentration, 2.9 min sonication time, and 375 W sonication power, which attained nanoemulsion with droplet size of 423.33 nm and zeta potential of -19.37 mV. These results indicate nanoemulsion can be prepared at low cost using refined palm oil within a shorter sonication time and lower sonication power, and it has the potential to be used for EOR application.

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Antibiotics usage in plant agriculture and its removal from wastewater using adsorption process: A short review

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2610卷

作者： Normalija Battak Zykamilia Kamin Mohd Hardyianto Vai Bahrun Chiam Chel Ken Elysandra Peter Awang Bono 1Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 2Oil and Gas Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 3GRISM Innovative Solutions Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

Antibiotics are often utilized to treat a variety of microbial diseases which affect high-value fruits and vegetables. Oxytetracycline and streptomycin are the most widely utilized antibiotics on plants today. It was released into the surrounding through wastewater and animal waste of effluents from livestock plants. Due to the increasing use of antibiotics and their insufficient separation from wastewater, low levels of antibiotics; in both original and metabolized forms, have been found in various aquatic components, including surface water, groundwater, effluent from sewage treatment plants seawater, and even potable water. Several methods such as bioremediation, advanced oxidation process, and adsorption are available to treat wastewater. However, all these techniques have significant limitations, such as high operation and maintenance costs, including the formation of by-products that are more toxic than the original pollutants. Adsorption is the simplest, cheapest, and most versatile method for retaining these pollutants. Therefore, this paper aims to review the use of the adsorption process in the removal of antibiotics in wastewater. The finding shows that antibiotic removal best fits a wide variety of isotherm and kinetic models. Subsequently, carbon-based adsorbents such as biochar activated carbon and carbon nanotubes were the best adsorbents to remove the antibiotic. The highest reported show maximum adsorption percentage for an antibiotic is 99% by biochar.

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Synthesis of nanoemulsions from palm oil stabilized by sorbitan monooleate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate for enhanced oil recovery application

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2610卷

作者： Muhamad A. N. Aladin Mohd H. W. Sani Mohd H. V. Bahrun Zykamilia Kamin Awang Bono 1Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 2Oil and Gas Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 3GRISM Innovative Solution Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

The hydrocarbon production from a well is decreases naturally over time due to the depletion of reservoir pressure. The pressure then increases by using primary and secondary recoveries. The recovery increases further by an enhanced oil recovery method involving chemicals. Nanoemulsion is employed as a chemical because it effectively reduces the interfacial tension between the surfactant and the oil. This study is aimed at producing stable oil-in-water nanoemulsion at a lower cost using refined palm oil and a combination of typical surfactants (sorbitan monooleate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate). The effect of surfactant concentration (5-30 mL), sonication time (0-30 min), and sonication power (150-750 W) were studied using response surface methodology (RSM) to determine the significant parameters affecting the nanoemulsion synthesis, as well as for formulation optimization. It was found that the optimum conditions to prepare the nanoemulsions were 5 mL, 15 min, and 100 W of surfactant concentration, sonication time, and sonication power, respectively, which attained nanoemulsion with a droplet size of 320.2 nm and zeta potential of -20.6 mV. These results indicate that nanoemulsion can be prepared at a lower cost using refined palm oil. However, the nanoemulsion produced is not stable after five-day storage at room temperature. Therefore, further investigation needs to be carried out to enhance the nanoemulsion stability after synthesizing.

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Separation of stable oil/water emulsion by using commercial microfiltration polyvinylidene fluoride membranes

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2610卷

作者： Chel-Ken Chiam Anusuya Darmarajoo Zykamilia Kamin Noor Maizura Ismail Rosalam Sarbatly 1Oil & Gas Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 3Membrane Technology Research Group Material and Mineral Research Unit Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia 2Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

Two types of commercial membranes are investigated to destabilize the oil/water emulsion in this work. One of the membranes is mono-layered membrane made from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and another one is dual-layered membrane which is a PVDF membrane supported by a fibrous polypropylene (PP) support layer. The membrane area of 17.35 cm2 was characterized by pore size, thickness and distilled water permeation test, and tested with the synthesized oily water in a crossflow microfiltration system. The fibrous PP support layer embedded on the bottom surface of the PVDF-Synder membrane has significantly reduced the open pore structure and increased the thickness of the membrane. As a result, the water permeation flux of the PVDF-Synder membrane (1.90–8.80 cm3/cm2 min) is slightly lower than that the PVDF-Westran membrane (2.71–9.80 cm3/cm2 min). Compared with the oil droplet radius in the feed solution ranged from 20 to 180 nm, the PVDF-Westran membrane can coalesce the oil droplets up to 0.56 µm while the PVDF-Synder membrane can enlarge the oil droplets to approximately 2.8 µm. The PVDF- Synder membrane with narrower pore sizes, i.e. at least 50% of the pores are below 0.3 µm, exhibited better performance in the oil/water emulsion separation.

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