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Energy Procurement and Retail Pricing for Electricity Retailers via Deep Reinforcement Learning with Long Short-term Memory

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第5期8卷 1338-1351页

作者： Hongsheng Xu Jinyu Wen Qinran Hu Jiao Shu Jixiang Lu Zhihong Yang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China NARI Group Corporation Nanjing 211106China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control Nanjing 211106China

The joint optimization problem of energy procurement and retail pricing for an electricity retailer is converted into separately determining the optimal procurement strategy and optimal pricing strategy,under the“price-taker”*** aggregate energy consumption of end use customers(EUCs)is predicted to solve for the optimal procurement strategy vis a long short-term memory(LSTM)-based supervised learning *** optimal retail pricing problem is formulated as a Markov decision process(MDP),which can be solved by using deep reinforcement learning(DRL)***,the performance of existing DRL approaches may deteriorate due to their insufficient ability to extract discriminative features from the time-series vectors in the environmental *** propose a novel deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG)network structure with a shared LSTM-based representation network that fully exploits the Actor’s and Critic’s *** designed shared representation network and the joint loss function can enhance the environment perception capability of the proposed approach and further improve the optimization performance,resulting in a more profitable pricing *** simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning electricity market energy procurement long short-term memory retail pricing

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The impact of toroidal mode coupling on high-density discharges in J-TEXT

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Plasma Science and technology 2024年第12期26卷 1-8页

作者： Peng DENG Wenzhe MAO Zhipeng CHEN Yinan ZHOU Peng SHI Zhoujun YANG Li GAO Tao LAN Jinlin XIE Hong LI Zian WEI Adi LIU Chu ZHOU Weixing DING Wandong LIU Ge ZHUANG School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma PhysicsSchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China

Density limit has long been a widely studied issue influencing the operating range of *** rapid growth of the m/n=2/1(where m and n are poloidal and toroidal mode numbers,respectively)tearing mode is generally regarded as a primary precursor to the density limit *** this experiment,the coupling of the m/n=1/1 mode and the m/n=2/1 mode in highdensity plasma was *** a sawtooth cycle,the frequencies of the two modes gradually converge until they become *** that,toroidal coupling occurs between the 1/1 and 2/1 modes,resulting in a mutually fixed phase *** the occurrence of toroidal coupling,the 2/1 mode is *** to the disruption,the cessation of the 1/1 and 2/1 mode coupling,along with the rapid growth in the amplitude of the 2/1 mode,can be ***,under the same parameters,comparing discharges with or without the 1/1 mode,it is found that the presence of the 1/1 mode leads to higher plasma density and temperature parameters.

关键词： toroidal coupling tearing mode density limit sawtooth

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A Blockchain-Based Microgrid Measurement Data Storage and Tampering Detection Framework 37th

A Blockchain-Based Microgrid Measurement Data Storage and Ta...

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37th Annual Conference on Power System and Automation in Chinese Universities, CUS-EPSA 2022

作者： He, Yixuan Wang, Jingyu Shi, Dongyuan School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819914388

With the rapid development of distributed power generation and microgrids, secure storage of microgrid measurement data becomes an imminent issue. In order to defend against cybersecurity threats, a microgrid measurement data storage framework should not only ensure the integrity and traceability of the stored microgrid measurement data, but also be able to detect any malicious data tampering. In this paper, a microgrid measurement data storage framework based on Hyperledger Fabric, a blockchain technology, is proposed and implemented, on top of which a data tampering detection method based on the uniqueness of the transaction number (TxId) and the Strong Collision-Resistant of hash theory is developed. Case studies show that the proposed framework can well meet the requirement of data storage traceability, transparent sharing, and tampering resistance, and the requirement of automatic data tampering detection, which provides a new research idea and direction for the future study in microgrid measurement data storage. © 2023, state Grid Electric Power.

关键词： Blockchain

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A Model Predictive Control Method for Hybrid Energy Storage Systems

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2021年第2期7卷 329-338页

作者： Siyuan Chen Qiufan Yang Jianyu Zhou Xia Chen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology and School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The traditional PI controller for a hybrid energy storage system(HESS)has certain drawbacks,such as difficult tuning of the controller parameters and the additional filters to allocate high-and low-frequency power *** paper proposes a model predictive control(MPC)method to control three-level bidirectional DC/DC converters for grid-connections to a HESS in a DC ***,the mathematical model of a HESS consisting of a battery and ultra capacitor(UC)is established and the neutral point voltage imbalance of a three-level converter is solved by analyzing the operating modes of the ***,for the control of the grid-connected converters,an MPC method is proposed for calculating steady-state reference values in the outer layer and the dynamic rolling optimization in the inner *** outer layer ensures the voltage regulation and establishes the current predictive model,while the inner layer,using the model predictive current control,makes the current follow the predictive value,thus reducing the system current *** cascaded topology has two independent controllers and is free of filters to realize the high-and low-frequency power allocation for a ***,it allows two types of energy storage devices to independently regulate the voltage and realizes the power allocation of the battery and ***,simulation studies are conducted in PSCAD/EMTDC,and the effectiveness of the proposed HESS control strategy is verified in a case,such as a controller comparison and fault scenario.

关键词： Double layer control method hybrid energy storage system(HESS) model predictive control(MPC) three-level DC/DC converter

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New Sliding Mode Control Algorithm of Magnetic Bearing Based on state Feedback Decoupling

New Sliding Mode Control Algorithm of Magnetic Bearing Based...

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2024 IEEE China International Youth Conference on Electrical engineering, CIYCEE 2024

作者： Liu, Haoqi Ye, Caiyong Wang, Tianyu Zhao, Yunfeng School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Wuhan430074 China National Center for Quality Inspection and Test of Motors Anhui China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530174

A new sliding mode control method based on state feedback decoupling is introduced, which solves the problem of poor decoupling control effect of traditional control strategy on active magnetic bearing (AMB). In this paper, magnetic bearing system is divided into four independent subsystems by using the principle of linear state feedback. Secondly, considering the shortcomings of the traditional controller, a nonlinear nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller with terminal sliding mode is proposed. Aiming at the chattering problem in sliding mode control, an easy-to-implement sigmoid function is designed to replace the traditional discontinuous switching function. Finally, by building a simulation model and conducting simulation experiments, it is proved that the control strategy combining the above two methods can improve the control accuracy, response speed and robustness of the magnetic bearing control system. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Sliding mode control

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On the Limit Cycle Caused by Controller Saturation in Synchronous Buck Converter 11

On the Limit Cycle Caused by Controller Saturation in Synchr...

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11th International Conference on Power Electronics - ECCE Asia, ICPE 2023-ECCE Asia

作者： Xu, A. Ying Xuehua Wang, B. He, C. Yuying Hao Zhang, D. Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Wuhan China Hohai University College of Energy and Electrical Engineering Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9788957083505

In the reported instability incidents of power converter-based systems, a constant-amplitude oscillation instead of divergence was often observed, which is the so-called limit cycle phenomenon. This does not agree with theoretical analysis based on classical linear control theory. Taking a synchronous buck converter as an example, this paper aims to investigate the underlying mechanism of the limit cycle phenomenon. It finds that this phenomenon results from the nonlinear controller saturation. To clarify the underlying mechanism, the controller saturation is linearized through the describing function method, then the generalized Nyquist stability criterion is applied. It reveals that the system operation point dynamically drifts and ultimately stays at the critically stable point, featuring the constant-amplitude oscillation. Moreover, the occurrence condition and the calculation of the oscillating amplitude and frequency are also explored. Simulations and experiments verify the correctness of the analysis. © 2023 The Korean Institute of Power Electronics.

关键词： Controllers

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Numerical Study of the Current Density on the Armature and Rail Interface with Dynamic Contact

Numerical Study of the Current Density on the Armature and R...

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International Conference of Electrical, Electronic and Networked Energy Systems, EENES 2024

作者： Xu, Jinghan Xia, Shengguo Chen, Lixue Ministry of Education Hubei Wuhan430074 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819620791

The electrical contact between the armature and rail is acknowledged as imperfect electrical contact (ImPEC), exhibiting characteristics distinct from bulk behavior. It is important to understand the current distribution of the ImPEC for future design and optimization. This paper proposes ImPEC boundary conditions by combining the contact layer model (CLM) and the Cooper-Mikic-Yoranovich model (CMYM), and the current distribution is numerically studied. Variations in the contact pressure and current density with time are analyzed. The results show a rapid increase in the contact pressure and area during the current ramp-up stage, being constant in the flat stage, and a gradual decline in the current ramp-down stage. The current path changes with the contact area, and the current shifts from the trailing edge to the leading edge over time. Additionally, comparative calculations are performed to analyze current variations under dynamic contact. Results suggest that the current distribution is influenced by magnetic diffusion and forced shifts of current caused by dynamic contact. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Threshold current density

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Data-Efficient Synchronous Machine Winding Short Circuit Faults Diagnosis Based on Frequency Response Analysis and Active Learning

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第11期25卷 19804-19815页

作者： Chen, Yu Zhao, Zhongyong Liu, Jiangnan Wang, Wei Yao, Chenguo Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan430074 China Southwest University College of Engineering and Technology Chongqing400716 China Yibin Academy of Southwest University Sichuang64400 China Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co. Ltd Guangzhou510620 China Chongqing University State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology Chongqing400044 China

Winding short-circuit (SC) faults are a prevalent issue in synchronous machines, and the accurate and timely identification of these faults is critical for maintaining power system stability. Current methods for inspecting synchronous machine windings often rely on periodic inspections based on human expertise. Numerous studies have explored the application of deep learning (DL) models for detecting synchronous machine winding SC faults. However, these models often exhibit excessive complexity and overlook physical overhead, leading to inefficient utilization of computational power and data resources. To address these limitations, this study proposes a dual-channel deep learning (DL) model integrated with the active learning (AL) query strategy. In this study, winding SC faults are manually simulated on a 5 kVA synchronous machine, and corresponding frequency response analysis (FRA) data are recorded. Subsequently, the proposed method is validated on the test set and benchmarked against previous studies. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly reduces the data annotation effort and accelerates model training to the order of seconds (under 5 seconds) while maintaining satisfactory accuracy (≥ 95%). Comparative experimental results further indicate that the proposed model, requiring only 1/20th of the labeled training samples used in previous studies, achieves a substantial reduction of approximately 99.8% in both model parameters and training time. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Synchronous machinery

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Enabling superior electrochemical performance of NCA cathode in Li_(5.5)PS_(4.5)Cl_(1.5)-based solid-state batteries with a dual-electrolyte layer

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 231-236页

作者： Ziling Jiang Shaoqing Chen Chaochao Wei Ziqi Zhang Zhongkai Wu Qiyue Luo Liang Ming Long Zhang Chuang Yu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China College of Physics and Energy Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117 China

LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)O_(2)(NCA) is a promising cathode for sulfide-based solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)profiting from its high specific capacity and voltage plateau, which yielding high energy density. However, the inferior interfacial stability between the bare NCA and sulfides limits its electrochemical performance. Hereien, the dual-electrolyte layer is proposed to mitigate this effect and enhance the battery performances of NCA-based ASSLIBs. The Li_(3)InCl_6 wih high conductivity and excellent electrochemcial stability act both as an ion additives to promote Li-ion diffusion across the interface in the cathode and as a buffer layer between the cathode layer and the solid electrolyte layer to avoid side reactions and improve the interface stability. The corresponding battery exhibits high discharge capacities and superior cyclabilities at both room and elevated temperatures. It exhibits discharge performance of 237.04 and216.07 m Ah/g at 0.1 and 0.5 C, respectively, when cycled at 60 ℃, and sustains 95.9% of the capacity after100 cycles at 0.5 C. The work demonstrates a simple strategy to ensure the superior performances of NCA in sulfide-based ASSLBs.

关键词： LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)O_(2) Li_(5.5)PS_(4.5)Cl_(1.5) Double solid electrolyte layer configuration Operating temperatures Electrochemical performances

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Optimization Method for Minimum Mass of Permanent Magnet Excited HIA with Air-Gap Winding

Optimization Method for Minimum Mass of Permanent Magnet Exc...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Power Science and technology, ICPST 2023

作者： Liu, Longjian Yu, Kexun Xie, Xianfei Kunming University of Science and Technology Faculty of Electric Power Engineering Kunming China Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350311358

This paper proposes the optimization method for the minimum mass of permanent magnet (PM) excited homopolar inductor alternator (HIA) with air-gap winding used for high-speed driving system. The calculation results show that there is an optimal value for shell diameter to make the mass to be smallest. A 1 MW at 22000 rpm PM excited HIA is designed. The analytical results are verified by the FEM simulations. The losses, temperature rise, rotor stress and modal of the PM excited HIA are also analyzed. The calculation results show that the solid rotor eddy-current losses and the temperature rise of PM excited HIA are acceptable. Also the rotor strength is adequate, and the rotor system is a stiffness rotor, and it can safely operate. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Permanent magnets

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