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Radiative Cooling of the Thermally Isolated System in KAGRA Gravitational Wave Telescope

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1857卷

作者： T. Akutsu M. Ando K. Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya N. Aritomi Y. Aso S.-W. Bae Y.-B. Bae L. Baiotti R. Bajpai M. A. Barton K. Cannon E. Capocasa M.-L. Chan C.-S. Chen K.-H. Chen Y.-R. Chen H.-Y. Chu Y.-K. Chu S. Eguchi Y. Enomoto R. Flaminio Y. Fujii M. Fukunaga M. Fukushima G.-G. Ge A. Hagiwara S. Haino K. Hasegawa H. Hayakawa K. Hayama Y. Himemoto Y. Hiranuma N. Hirata E. Hirose Z. Hong B.-H. Hsieh G.-Z. Huang P.-W. Huang Y.-J. Huang B. Ikenoue S. Imam K. Inayoshi Y. Inoue K. Ioka Y. Itoh K. Izumi K. Jung P. Jung T. Kajita M. Kamiizumi N. Kanda G.-W. Kang K. Kawaguchi N. Kawai T. Kawasaki C. Kim J. Kim W. Kim Y.-M. Kim N. Kimura N. Kita H. Kitazawa Y. Kojima K. Kokeyama K. Komori A. K. H. Kong K. Kotake C. Kozakai R. Kozu R. Kumar J. Kume C.-M. Kuo H.-S. Kuo S. Kuroyanagi K. Kusayanagi K. Kwak H.-K. Lee H.-W. Lee R.-K. Lee M. Leonardi C.-Y. Lin F.-L. Lin L. C.-C. Lin G.-C. Liu L.-W. Luo M. Marchio Y. Michimura N. Mio O. Miyakawa A. Miyamoto Y. Miyazaki K. Miyo S. Miyoki S. Morisaki Y. Moriwaki K. Nagano S. Nagano K. Nakamura H. Nakano M. Nakano R. Nakashima T. Narikawa R. Negishi W.-T. Ni A. Nishizawa Y. Obuchi W. Ogaki J. J. Oh S.-H. Oh M. Ohashi N. Ohishi M. Ohkawa K. Okutomi K. Oohara C.-P. Ooi S. Oshino K.-C. Pan H.-F. Pang J. Park F. E. Peiia Arellano I. Pinto N. Sago S. Saito Y. Saito K. Sakai Y. Sakai Y. Sakuno S. Sato T. Sato T. Sawada T. Sekiguchi Y. Sekiguchi S. Shibagaki R. Shimizu T. Shimoda K. Shimode H. Shinkai T. Shishido A. Shoda K. Somiya E. J. Son H. Sotani R. Sugimoto T. Suzuki H. Tagoshi H. Takahashi R. Takahashi A. Takamori S. Takano H. Takeda M. Takeda H. Tanaka K. Tanaka T. Tanaka S. Tanioka E. N. Tapia San Martin S. Telada T. Tomaru Y. Tomigami T. Tomura F. Travasso L. Trozzo T. T. L. Tsang K. Tsubono S. Tsuchida T. Tsuzuki D. Tuyenbayev N. Uchikata T. Uchiyama A. Ueda T. Uehara K. Ueno G. Ueshima F. Uraguchi T. Ushiba M. H. P. M. van Putten H. Vocca J. Wang C.-M. Wu H.-C. Wu S.-R. Wu W.-R. Xu T. Yamada K. Yamamoto T. Yamamoto K. Yokogawa J. Yokoyama T. Yokozawa T. Yoshioka H. Yuzurihar National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka-City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe (RESCEU) The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR) The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Kashiwa-City Chiba 277-8582Japan Accelerator Laboratory High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 1-1 OhoTsukuba-City Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo 1-1-1Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0032Japan Kamioka Branch National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida-City Gifu Pref. Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka-City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) 245 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 South Korea National Institute for Mathematical Sciences 70 Yuseong-daero 1689 beon-gil Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34047 South Korea Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka-City Osaka560-0043 Japan School of High Energy Accelerator Science The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 1-1 Oho Tsukuba-City Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Institute for Gravitational Research University of Glasgow Kelvin Building G12 8QQ UK Department of Applied Physics Fukuoka University Fukuoka Jonan Nanakuma 814-0180 Japan Department of Physics Tamkang university No.151 Yingzhuan Rd. Danshui Dist. New Taipei-City 25137 Taiwan Department of Physics the Center for High Energy and High Field Physics National Central University No. 300 Zhongda Road Zhongyi District Taiyuan-City 320 Taiwan Institute of Astronomy National Tsing Hua University No. 101 Section 2 Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University No. 101 Section 2

Radiative cooling of the thermally isolated system is investigated in KAGRA gravitational wave telescope. KAGRA is a laser interferometer-based detector and main mirrors constituting optical cavities are cool down to 20K to reduce noises caused by the thermal fluctuation. The mirror is suspended with the multi-stage pendulum to isolate any vibration. Therefore, this mirror suspension system has few heat links to reduce vibration injection. Thus, this system is mainly cooled down with thermal radiation. In order to understand the process of radiative cooling of the mirror, we analyzed cooling curve based on mass and specific heat. As a result, it was newly found that a cryogenic part called 'cryogenic duct-shield' seems to have large contribution in the beginning of the mirror cooling. This finding will help to design new cooling system for the next generation cryogenic gravitational wave detector.

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Constraints on Cosmic Strings Using Data from the Third advanced LIGO–Virgo Observing Run

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第24期126卷 241102-241102页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott S. Abraham F. Acernese K. Ackley A. Adams C. Adams R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu K. M. Aleman G. Allen A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koya Arai Koji Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud S. M. Aronson H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin P. Auclair P. Aufmuth K. AultONeal C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer M. Bals A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar R. S. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo S. Barnum F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal M. G. Benjamin T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser R. Bhandare A. V. Bhandari D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik J. Bidler I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn J. Blackman C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant A. Buikema T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic L. Cadonati M. Caesar G. Cagnoli C. Cahillane H. W. Cain, III J. Calderón Bustillo J. D LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia Christopher Newport University Newport News Virginia 23606 USA LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) I-67100 L’Aquila Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso I-67100 Assergi Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Università di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan California State University Fullerton Fullerton California 92831 USA NCSA University of Illi

We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection. We also use the stochastic gravitational-wave background energy density upper limits derived from the O3 data to constrain the cosmic string tension Gμ as a function of the number of kinks, or the number of cusps, for two cosmic string loop distribution models. Additionally, we develop and test a third model that interpolates between these two models. Our results improve upon the previous LIGO–Virgo constraints on Gμ by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude depending on the model that is tested. In particular, for the one-loop distribution model, we set the most competitive constraints to date: Gμ≲4×10−15. In the case of cosmic strings formed at the end of inflation in the context of grand unified theories, these results challenge simple inflationary models.

关键词： Cosmic strings & domain walls Gravitational waves

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Search for B+→K+νν¯ Decays Using an Inclusive Tagging Method at Belle II

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第18期127卷 181802-181802页

作者： F. Abudinén I. Adachi K. Adamczyk P. Ahlburg H. Aihara N. Akopov A. Aloisio N. Anh Ky D. M. Asner H. Atmacan T. Aushev V. Aushev A. Baur V. Babu S. Baehr P. Bambade Sw. Banerjee S. Bansal J. Baudot J. Becker P. K. Behera J. V. Bennett E. Bernieri F. U. Bernlochner M. Bertemes E. Bertholet M. Bessner S. Bettarini F. Bianchi T. Bilka D. Biswas A. Bozek M. Bračko P. Branchini N. Braun T. E. Browder A. Budano S. Bussino M. Campajola L. Cao G. Casarosa C. Cecchi D. Červenkov P. Chang R. Cheaib V. Chekelian C. Chen Y.-T. Chen B. G. Cheon K. Chilikin K. Chirapatpimol K. Cho S.-J. Cho S. Choudhury D. Cinabro L. Corona L. M. Cremaldi S. Cunliffe T. Czank F. Dattola E. De La Cruz-Burelo G. de Marino G. De Nardo M. De Nuccio G. De Pietro R. de Sangro M. Destefanis S. Dey A. De Yta-Hernandez A. Di Canto F. Di Capua J. Dingfelder Z. Doležal I. Domínguez Jiménez T. V. Dong K. Dort S. Dubey S. Duell G. Dujany S. Eidelman M. Eliachevitch D. Epifanov T. Ferber D. Ferlewicz T. Fillinger G. Finocchiaro S. Fiore A. Fodor F. Forti A. Frey B. G. Fulsom N. Gabyshev E. Ganiev M. Garcia-Hernandez A. Garmash V. Gaur A. Gaz A. Gellrich R. Giordano A. Giri A. Glazov B. Gobbo R. Godang P. Goldenzweig B. Golob P. Grace W. Gradl E. Graziani D. Greenwald Y. Guan K. Gudkova C. Hadjivasiliou S. Halder K. Hara O. Hartbrich K. Hayasaka H. Hayashii S. Hazra C. Hearty I. Heredia de la Cruz M. Hernández Villanueva A. Hershenhorn T. Higuchi E. C. Hill H. Hirata M. Hoek M. Hohmann C.-L. Hsu T. Humair T. Iijima K. Inami G. Inguglia J. Irakkathil Jabbar A. Ishikawa R. Itoh M. Iwasaki Y. Iwasaki P. Jackson W. W. Jacobs D. E. Jaffe Y. Jin C. Joo H. Junkerkalefeld A. B. Kaliyar J. Kandra K. H. Kang R. Karl G. Karyan T. Kawasaki C. Ketter H. Kichimi C. Kiesling C.-H. Kim D. Y. Kim Y.-K. Kim T. D. Kimmel P. Kodyš T. Koga S. Kohani T. Konno A. Korobov S. Korpar E. Kovalenko T. M. G. Kraetzschmar F. Krinner P. Križan P. Krokovny T. Kuhr J. Kumar M. Kumar R. Kumar K. Kumara T. Kunigo S. Kurz A. Kuzmin Y.-J. Kwon S. Lacaprara Y.-T. Lai C. La Licata L. Lanceri J. S INFN Sezione di Trieste I-34127 Trieste High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba 305-0801 The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) Hayama 240-0193 H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Krakow 31-342 University of Bonn 53115 Bonn Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory Yerevan 0036 Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche Università di Napoli Federico II I-80126 Napoli INFN Sezione di Napoli I-80126 Napoli Institute of Physics Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) Hanoi Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research (ITAR) Duy Tan University Hanoi 100000 Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221 National Research University Higher School of Economics Moscow 101000 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kiev Kiev Deutsches Elektronen–Synchrotron 22607 Hamburg Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik Karlsruher Institut für Technologie 76131 Karlsruhe Université Paris-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3 IJCLab 91405 Orsay University of Louisville Louisville Kentucky 40292 Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 Université de Strasbourg CNRS IPHC UMR 7178 67037 Strasbourg Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 University of Mississippi University Mississippi 38677 INFN Sezione di Roma Tre I-00146 Roma Institute of High Energy Physics Vienna 1050 School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii 96822 Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Pisa I-56127 Pisa INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Torino I-10125 Torino INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University 121 16 Prague Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Maribor 2000 Maribor J. Stefan Institute 1000 Ljubljana Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica Università di Roma Tre I-00146 Roma Dipartimento di Fisica

A search for the flavor-changing neutral-current decay B+→K+νν¯ is performed at the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric energy electron-positron collider. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 63 fb−1 collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance and a sample of 9 fb−1 collected at an energy 60 MeV below the resonance. Because the measurable decay signature involves only a single charged kaon, a novel measurement approach is used that exploits not only the properties of the B+→K+νν¯ decay, but also the inclusive properties of the other B meson in the ϒ(4S)→BB¯ event, to suppress the background from other B meson decays and light-quark pair production. This inclusive tagging approach offers a higher signal efficiency compared to previous searches. No significant signal is observed. An upper limit on the branching fraction of B+→K+νν¯ of 4.1×10−5 is set at the 90% confidence level.

关键词： Branching fraction Flavor changing neutral currents Leptonic, semileptonic & radiative decays Rare decays Bottom quark Lepton colliders

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Nuclear structure of Te isotopes beyond neutron magic number N=82

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Physical Review C 2021年第3期103卷 034320-034320页

作者： B. Moon A. Jungclaus H. Naïdja A. Gargano R. Lozeva C.-B. Moon A. Odahara G. S. Simpson S. Nishimura F. Browne P. Doornenbal G. Gey J. Keatings G. Lorusso Z. Patel S. Rice M. Si L. Sinclair P.-A. Söderström T. Sumikama J. Taprogge H. Watanabe J. Wu Z. Y. Xu A. Yagi D. S. Ahn H. Baba F. L. Bello Garrote S. Bönig R. Daido J. M. Daugas F. Didierjean F. Drouet Y. Fang N. Fukuda R. Gernhäuser B. Hong E. Ideguchi S. Ilieva N. Inabe T. Ishigaki T. Isobe H. S. Jung D. Kameda I. Kojouharov T. Komatsubara T. Kröll T. Kubo N. Kurz Y. K. Kwon C. S. Lee P. Lee Z. Li A. Montaner-Pizá S. Morimoto K. Moschner D. Mücher D. Murai M. Niikura H. Nishibata I. Nishizuka R. Orlandi H. Sakurai H. Schaffner Y. Shimizu K. Steiger H. Suzuki H. Takeda K. Tshoo Zs. Vajta A. Wendt R. Yokoyama K. Yoshinaga Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies Institute for Basic Science Daejeon 34126 Republic of Korea RIKEN Nishina Center Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Instituto de Estructura de la Materia CSIC E-28006 Madrid Spain Laboratoire de Physique Mathematique et Subatomique Constantine 1 University Constantine 25000 Algeria Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy IPHC CNRS/IN2P3 and University of Strasbourg F-67037 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France Université Paris-Saclay IJCLab CNRS/IN2P3 F-91405 Orsay France Department of Physics Osaka University Osaka 560-0043 Japan LPSC Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1 CNRS/IN2P3 Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble F-38026 Grenoble Cedex France School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics University of Brighton Brighton BN2 4GJ United Kingdom Institut Laue-Langevin B.P. 156 F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 France School of Engineering University of the West of Scotland Paisley PA1 2BE United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Surrey Guildford GU2 7XH United Kingdom Department of Physics University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD United Kingdom Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele Romania Departamento de Física Teórica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid E-28049 Madrid Spain School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) Daejeon 34133 Republic of Korea Department of Physics University of Oslo Oslo N-0316 Norway Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität Darmstadt D-64289 Darmstadt Germany CEA DAM DIF F-91297 Arpajon Cedex France Physik Department E12 Technische Universität München D-85748 Garching Germany Department of Physics Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea Center for Extreme Nuclear Matters (CENuM) Korea University Seoul 0

Newly observed decay schemes of the nuclei Sb137 and Sb138 are reported. The neutron-rich Sb isotopes were produced by the in-flight fragmentation of a U238 primary beam with an energy of 345 MeV/nucleon. Several new excited states of Te137 with tentatively assigned spin-parities of (5/2−), (9/2−), and (7/2) have been established which play an important role in the evolution of neutron levels beyond N=82. The study of the β decay of Sb138 led to a considerable extension of the level scheme of Te138 including the identification of several nonyrast states. The structure of Te137 and Te138 is discussed on the basis of large-scale shell-model calculations performed using two different effective interactions.

关键词： Beta decay Nuclear structure & decays 90 ≤ A ≤ 149 Radiation detectors Radioactive beams Shell model Spectrometers & spectroscopic techniques

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Precise Measurement of the D0 and D+ Lifetimes at Belle II

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第21期127卷 211801-211801页

作者： F. Abudinén I. Adachi K. Adamczyk L. Aggarwal H. Ahmed H. Aihara N. Akopov A. Aloisio N. Anh Ky D. M. Asner H. Atmacan V. Aushev V. Babu S. Bacher H. Bae S. Baehr S. Bahinipati P. Bambade Sw. Banerjee S. Bansal M. Barrett J. Baudot M. Bauer A. Baur J. Becker P. K. Behera J. V. Bennett E. Bernieri F. U. Bernlochner M. Bertemes E. Bertholet M. Bessner S. Bettarini V. Bhardwaj F. Bianchi T. Bilka S. Bilokin D. Biswas A. Bobrov D. Bodrov A. Bolz A. Bozek M. Bračko P. Branchini N. Braun R. A. Briere T. E. Browder A. Budano S. Bussino M. Campajola L. Cao G. Casarosa C. Cecchi D. Červenkov M.-C. Chang P. Chang R. Cheaib V. Chekelian C. Chen Y.-T. Chen B. G. Cheon K. Chilikin K. Chirapatpimol H.-E. Cho K. Cho S.-J. Cho S.-K. Choi S. Choudhury D. Cinabro L. Corona L. M. Cremaldi S. Cunliffe T. Czank F. Dattola E. De La Cruz-Burelo G. de Marino G. De Nardo G. De Pietro R. de Sangro M. Destefanis S. Dey A. De Yta-Hernandez A. Di Canto F. Di Capua J. Dingfelder Z. Doležal I. Domínguez Jiménez T. V. Dong M. Dorigo K. Dort D. Dossett S. Dubey S. Duell G. Dujany P. Ecker D. Epifanov T. Ferber D. Ferlewicz G. Finocchiaro K. Flood A. Fodor F. Forti B. G. Fulsom A. Gabrielli N. Gabyshev A. Gaz A. Gellrich G. Giakoustidis R. Giordano A. Giri A. Glazov B. Gobbo R. Godang P. Goldenzweig B. Golob W. Gradl E. Graziani D. Greenwald T. Gu Y. Guan K. Gudkova J. Guilliams C. Hadjivasiliou S. Halder K. Hara T. Hara O. Hartbrich K. Hayasaka H. Hayashii S. Hazra C. Hearty I. Heredia de la Cruz M. Hernández Villanueva A. Hershenhorn T. Higuchi E. C. Hill H. Hirata M. Hoek M. Hohmann C.-L. Hsu T. Humair T. Iijima K. Inami G. Inguglia A. Ishikawa R. Itoh M. Iwasaki Y. Iwasaki W. W. Jacobs D. E. Jaffe E.-J. Jang S. Jia Y. Jin H. Junkerkalefeld H. Kakuno A. B. Kaliyar J. Kandra K. H. Kang R. Karl G. Karyan Y. Kato T. Kawasaki C. Kiesling C.-H. Kim D. Y. Kim Y.-K. Kim Y. Kim T. D. Kimmel K. Kinoshita P. Kodyš T. Koga S. Kohani T. Konno S. Korpar E. Kovalenko R. Kowalewski T. M. G. Kraetzschmar F. Krinner P. Križan P. Krokovny T. Kuhr J. Kumar M. Ku INFN Sezione di Trieste I-34127 Trieste Italy High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) Hayama 240-0193 Japan H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Krakow 31-342 Poland Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India St. Francis Xavier University Antigonish Nova Scotia B2G 2W5 Canada Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory Yerevan 0036 Armenia Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche Università di Napoli Federico II I-80126 Napoli Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli I-80126 Napoli Italy Institute of Physics Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) Hanoi Vietnam Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research (ITAR) Duy Tan University Hanoi 100000 Vietnam Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221 USA Taras Shevchenko National Univ. of Kiev Kiev Ukraine Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron 22607 Hamburg Germany Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik Karlsruher Institut für Technologie 76131 Karlsruhe Germany Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Satya Nagar 751007 India Université Paris-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3 IJCLab 91405 Orsay France University of Louisville Louisville Kentucky 40292 USA Université de Strasbourg CNRS IPHC UMR 7178 67037 Strasbourg France Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India University of Mississippi University Mississippi 38677 USA INFN Sezione di Roma Tre I-00146 Roma Italy University of Bonn 53115 Bonn Germany Institute of High Energy Physics Vienna 1050 Austria Tel Aviv University School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv 69978 Israel University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii 96822 USA Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali SAS Nagar 140306 India Dipartimento di Fisica Univers

We report a measurement of the D0 and D+ lifetimes using D0→K−π+ and D+→K−π+π+ decays reconstructed in e+e−→cc¯ data recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The data, collected at center-of-mass energies at or near the ϒ(4S) resonance, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 72 fb−1. The results, τ(D0)=410.5±1.1(stat)±0.8(syst) fs and τ(D+)=1030.4±4.7(stat)±3.1(syst) fs, are the most precise to date and are consistent with previous determinations.

关键词： Hadronic decays Lifetimes & widths Charmed mesons

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Search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo’s first three observing runs

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Physical Review D 2021年第2期104卷 022005-022005页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott S. Abraham F. Acernese K. Ackley A. Adams C. Adams R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu K. M. Aleman G. Allen A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koya Arai Koji Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud S. M. Aronson H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin P. Aufmuth K. AultONeal C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer M. Bals A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar R. S. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal M. G. Benjamin T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser R. Bhandare A. V. Bhandari D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik J. Bidler I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn J. Blackman C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant A. Buikema T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic R. L. Byer L. Cadonati M. Caesar G. Cagnoli C. Cahillane H. W. Cain, III J. Calderón Bustillo J. LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia Christopher Newport University Newport News Virginia 23606 USA LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) I-67100 L’Aquila Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso I-67100 Assergi Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Università di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan California State University Fullerton Fullerton California 92831 USA NCSA University of Illinois

We report results from searches for anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from the first three observing runs of the advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo detectors. For the first time, we include Virgo data in our analysis and run our search with a new efficient pipeline called pystoch on data folded over one sidereal day. We use gravitational-wave radiometry (broadband and narrow band) to produce sky maps of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds and to search for gravitational waves from point sources. A spherical harmonic decomposition method is employed to look for gravitational-wave emission from spatially-extended sources. Neither technique found evidence of gravitational-wave signals. Hence we derive 95% confidence-level upper limit sky maps on the gravitational-wave energy flux from broadband point sources, ranging from Fα,Θ<(0.013–7.6)×10−8 erg cm−2 s−1 Hz−1, and on the (normalized) gravitational-wave energy density spectrum from extended sources, ranging from Ωα,Θ<(0.57–9.3)×10−9 sr−1, depending on direction (Θ) and spectral index (α). These limits improve upon previous limits by factors of 2.9–3.5. We also set 95% confidence level upper limits on the frequency-dependent strain amplitudes of quasimonochromatic gravitational waves coming from three interesting targets, Scorpius X-1, SN 1987A and the Galactic Center, with best upper limits range from h0<(1.7–2.1)×10−25, a factor of ≥2.0 improvement compared to previous stochastic radiometer searches.

关键词： Experimental studies of gravity General relativity Gravitational waves

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Erratum to: Search for dark matter produced in association with a leptonically decaying Z boson in proton–proton collisions at s = 13 Te

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The European Physical Journal C 2021年第4期81卷 1-16页

作者： A. M. Sirunyan A. Tumasyan W. Adam T. Bergauer M. Dragicevic J. Erö A. Escalante Del Valle R. Frühwirth M. Jeitler N. Krammer L. Lechner D. Liko T. Madlener I. Mikulec F. M. Pitters N. Rad J. Schieck R. Schöfbeck M. Spanring S. Templ W. Waltenberger C.-E. Wulz M. Zarucki V. Chekhovsky A. Litomin V. Makarenko J. Suarez Gonzalez M. R. Darwish E. A. De Wolf D. Di Croce X. Janssen T. Kello A. Lelek M. Pieters H. Rejeb Sfar H. Van Haevermaet P. Van Mechelen S. Van Putte N. Van Remortel F. Blekman E. S. Bols S. S. Chhibra J. D’Hondt J. De Clercq D. Lontkovskyi S. Lowette I. Marchesini S. Moortgat A. Morton Q. Python S. Tavernier W. Van Doninck P. Van Mulders D. Beghin B. Bilin B. Clerbaux G. De Lentdecker B. Dorney L. Favart A. Grebenyuk A. K. Kalsi I. Makarenko L. Moureaux L. Pétré A. Popov N. Postiau E. Starling L. Thomas C. Vander Velde P. Vanlaer D. Vannerom L. Wezenbeek T. Cornelis D. Dobur M. Gruchala I. Khvastunov M. Niedziela C. Roskas K. Skovpen M. Tytgat W. Verbeke B. Vermassen M. Vit G. Bruno F. Bury C. Caputo P. David C. Delaere M. Delcourt I. S. Donertas A. Giammanco V. Lemaitre K. Mondal J. Prisciandaro A. Taliercio M. Teklishyn P. Vischia S. Wuyckens J. Zobec G. A. Alves C. Hensel A. Moraes W. L. Aldá Júnior E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas H. BRANDAO MALBOUISSON W. Carvalho J. Chinellato E. Coelho E. M. Da Costa G. G. Da Silveira D. De Jesus Damiao S. Fonseca De Souza J. Martins D. Matos Figueiredo M. Medina Jaime C. Mora Herrera L. Mundim H. Nogima P. Rebello Teles L. J. Sanchez Rosas A. Santoro S. M. Silva Do Amaral A. Sznajder M. Thiel F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo A. Vilela Pereira C. A. Bernardes L. Calligaris T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei E. M. Gregores D. S. Lemos P. G. Mercadante S. F. Novaes Sandra S. Padula A. Aleksandrov G. Antchev I. Atanasov R. Hadjiiska P. Iaydjiev M. Misheva M. Rodozov M. Shopova G. Sultanov M. Bonchev A. Dimitrov T. Ivanov L. Litov B. Pavlov P. Petkov A. Petrov W. Fang Q. Guo H. Wang L. Yuan M. Ahmad Z. Hu Y. Wang E. Chapon G. M. Chen H. S. Chen M. Chen A. Kapoor D. Leggat H. Yerevan Physics Institute Yerevan Armenia Institut für Hochenergiephysik Vienna Austria Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Institute for Nuclear Problems Minsk Belarus Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium Department of Basic and Applied Sciences Faculty of Engineering Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport Alexandria Egypt Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Belgium Ghent University Ghent Belgium IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette France Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil UFMS Nova Andradina Brazil Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Federal do ABC São Paulo Brazil Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Beihang University Beijing China Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing China Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) - Fudan University Shanghai China Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Universidad de Los Andes Bogota Colombia Universidad de Antioquia Medellin Colombia University of Split Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture Split Croatia University of Split Faculty of Science Split Croatia Institute Rudjer Boskovic Zagreb Croatia Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics named by A.I. Alikhanov of NRC ‘K

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://***/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08739-5

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Population of Merging Compact Binaries Inferred Using Gravitational Waves through GWTC-3

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Physical Review X 2023年第1期13卷 011048-011048页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams N. Adhikari R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu P. F. de Alarcón S. Akcay S. Albanesi A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato C. Anand S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando T. Andrade N. Andres T. Andrić S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier F. Antonini S. Appert Koji Arai Koya Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud M. Arogeti S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso M. Assiduo S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader C. Badger S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi C. P. L. Berry D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser D. Beveridge R. Bhandare U. Bhardwaj D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley S. Bini R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. Brandt J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy R. L. Byer L. Cadonati LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Universitat de les Illes Balears IAC3–IEEC E-07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain University College Dublin Dublin 4 Ireland INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli

We report on the population properties of compact binary mergers inferred from gravitational-wave observations of these systems during the first three LIGO-Virgo observing runs. The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 3 (GWTC-3) contains signals consistent with three classes of binary mergers: binary black hole, binary neutron star, and neutron star–black hole mergers. We infer the binary neutron star merger rate to be between 10 and 1700 Gpc−3 yr−1 and the neutron star–black hole merger rate to be between 7.8 and 140 Gpc−3 yr−1, assuming a constant rate density in the comoving frame and taking the union of 90% credible intervals for methods used in this work. We infer the binary black hole merger rate, allowing for evolution with redshift, to be between 17.9 and 44 Gpc−3 yr−1 at a fiducial redshift (z=0.2). The rate of binary black hole mergers is observed to increase with redshift at a rate proportional to (1+z)κ with κ=2.9−1.8+1.7 for z≲1. Using both binary neutron star and neutron star–black hole binaries, we obtain a broad, relatively flat neutron star mass distribution extending from 1.2−0.2+0.1 to 2.0−0.3+0.3M⊙. We confidently determine that the merger rate as a function of mass sharply declines after the expected maximum neutron star mass, but cannot yet confirm or rule out the existence of a lower mass gap between neutron stars and black holes. We also find the binary black hole mass distribution has localized over- and underdensities relative to a power-law distribution, with peaks emerging at chirp masses of 8.3−0.5+0.3 and 27.9−1.8+1.9M⊙. While we continue to find that the mass distribution of a binary’s more massive component strongly decreases as a function of primary mass, we observe no evidence of a strongly suppressed merger rate above approximately 60M⊙, which would indicate the presence of a upper mass gap. Observed black hole spins are small, with half of spin magnitudes below χi≈0.25. While the majority of spins are preferentially aligned wi

关键词： Gravitational wave sources Gravitational waves Gravitational wave detection

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First Evidence for cos2β>0 and Resolution of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Quark-Mixing Unitarity Triangle Ambiguity

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Physical Review Letters 2018年第26期121卷 261801-261801页

作者： I. Adachi T. Adye H. Ahmed J. K. Ahn H. Aihara S. Akar M. S. Alam J. Albert F. Anulli N. Arnaud D. M. Asner D. Aston H. Atmacan T. Aushev R. Ayad V. Babu I. Badhrees A. M. Bakich Sw. Banerjee V. Bansal R. J. Barlow G. Batignani A. Beaulieu P. Behera M. Bellis E. Ben-Haim D. Bernard F. U. Bernlochner S. Bettarini D. Bettoni A. J. Bevan V. Bhardwaj B. Bhuyan F. Bianchi M. Biasini J. Biswal V. E. Blinov M. Bomben A. Bondar G. R. Bonneaud A. Bozek C. Bozzi M. Bračko T. E. Browder D. N. Brown C. Bünger P. R. Burchat A. R. Buzykaev R. Calabrese A. Calcaterra G. Calderini S. Di Carlo M. Carpinelli C. Cartaro G. Casarosa R. Cenci D. S. Chao J. Chauveau R. Cheaib A. Chen C. Chen C. H. Cheng B. G. Cheon K. Chilikin K. Cho Y. Choi S. Choudhury M. Chrzaszcz G. Cibinetto D. Cinabro J. Cochran J. P. Coleman M. R. Convery G. Cowan R. Cowan L. Cremaldi S. Cunliffe N. Dash M. Davier C. L. Davis F. De Mori G. De Nardo A. G. Denig R. de Sangro B. Dey F. Di Lodovico S. Dittrich Z. Doležal J. Dorfan Z. Drásal V. P. Druzhinin W. Dunwoodie M. Ebert B. Echenard S. Eidelman G. Eigen A. M. Eisner S. Emery D. Epifanov J. A. Ernst R. Faccini J. E. Fast M. Feindt T. Ferber F. Ferrarotto F. Ferroni R. C. Field A. Filippi G. Finocchiaro E. Fioravanti K. T. Flood F. Forti M. Fritsch B. G. Fulsom E. Gabathuler D. Gamba R. Garg A. Garmash J. W. Gary I. Garzia V. Gaur A. Gaz M. Gelb T. J. Gershon L. Li Gioi M. A. Giorgi A. Giri R. Godang P. Goldenzweig B. Golob V. B. Golubev R. Gorodeisky W. Gradl M. T. Graham E. Grauges K. Griessinger A. V. Gritsan O. Grünberg Y. Guan E. Guido N. Guttman J. Haba A. Hafner T. Hara P. F. Harrison C. Hast K. Hayasaka H. Hayashii C. Hearty M. Heck M. T. Hedges M. Heß S. Hirose D. G. Hitlin K. Honscheid W.-S. Hou C.-L. Hsu Z. Huard C. Van Hulse D. E. Hutchcroft K. Inami G. Inguglia W. R. Innes A. Ishikawa R. Itoh Y. Iwasaki J. M. Izen W. W. Jacobs A. Jawahery C. P. Jessop S. Jia Y. Jin K. K. Joo T. Julius A. B. Kaliyar K. H. Kang G. Karyan R. Kass H. Kichimi D. Y. Kim J. B. Kim K. T. Kim S. H. Kim J. Kim P. Kim G. J. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Hayama 240-0193 Japan Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton Didcot Oxon OX11 0QX United Kingdom St. Francis Xavier University Antigonish Nova Scotia Canada B2G 2W5 Korea University Seoul 136-713 South Korea Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies IN2P3/CNRS Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6 Université Denis Diderot-Paris7 F-75252 Paris France State University of New York Albany New York 12222 USA University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada V8W 3P6 INFN Sezione di Roma I-00185 Roma Italy Laboratoire de l’Accélérateur Linéaire IN2P3/CNRS et Université Paris-Sud 11 Centre Scientifique d’Orsay F-91898 Orsay Cedex France Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford California 94309 USA University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina 29208 USA Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Moscow Region 141700 Russian Federation Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk 71451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400005 India King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh 11442 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia School of Physics University of Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia University of Louisville Louisville Kentucky 40292 USA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 USA University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS/IN2P3 F-91128 Palaiseau France INFN Sezione di Ferrara I-44122 Ferrara Italy Queen Mary Un

We present first evidence that the cosine of the CP-violating weak phase 2β is positive, and hence exclude trigonometric multifold solutions of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) Unitarity Triangle using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of B0→D(*)h0 with D→KS0π+π− decays, where h0∈{π0,η,ω} denotes a light unflavored and neutral hadron. The measurement is performed combining the final data sets of the BABAR and Belle experiments collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively. The data samples contain (471±3)×106BB¯ pairs recorded by the BABAR detector and (772±11)×106BB¯ pairs recorded by the Belle detector. The results of the measurement are sin2β=0.80±0.14(stat)±0.06(syst)±0.03(model) and cos2β=0.91±0.22(stat)±0.09(syst)±0.07(model). The result for the direct measurement of the angle β of the CKM Unitarity Triangle is β=[22.5±4.4(stat)±1.2(syst)±0.6(model)]°. The measurement assumes no direct CP violation in B0→D(*)h0 decays. The quoted model uncertainties are due to the composition of the D0→KS0π+π− decay amplitude model, which is newly established by performing a Dalitz plot amplitude analysis using a high-statistics e+e−→cc¯ data sample. CP violation is observed in B0→D(*)h0 decays at the level of 5.1 standard deviations. The significance for cos2β>0 is 3.7 standard deviations. The trigonometric multifold solution π/2−β=(68.1±0.7)° is excluded at the level of 7.3 standard deviations. The measurement resolves an ambiguity in the determination of the apex of the CKM Unitarity Triangle.

关键词： Hadronic decays Quark mixing Bottom mesons Charmed mesons CP violation Lepton colliders

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Advances in understanding high-mass X-ray binaries with INTEGRAL and Future Directions

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Kretschmar, Peter Fürst, Felix Sidoli, Lara Bozzo, Enrico Alfonso-Garzón, Julia Bodaghee, Arash Chaty, Sylvain Chernyakova, Masha Ferrigno, Carlo Manousakis, Antonios Negueruela, Ignacio Postnov, Konstantin Paizis, Adamantia Reig, Pablo Rodes-Roca, José Joaquín Tsygankov, Sergey Bird, Antony J. né Kühnel, Matthias Bissinger Blay, Pere Caballero, Isabel Coe, Malcolm J. Domingo, Albert Doroshenko, Victor Ducci, Lorenzo Falanga, Maurizio Grebenev, Sergei A. Grinberg, Victoria Hemphill, Paul Kreykenbohm, Ingo née Fritz, Sonja Kreykenbohm Li, Jian Lutovinov, Alexander A. Martínez-Núñez, Silvia Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel Masetti, Nicola McBride, Vanessa A. Neronov, Andrii Pottschmidt, Katja Rodriguez, Jérôme Romano, Patrizia Rothschild, Richard E. Santangelo, Andrea Sguera, Vito Staubert, Rüdiger Tomsick, John A. Torrejón, José Miguel Torres, Diego F. Walter, Roland Wilms, Jörn Wilson-Hodge, Colleen A. Zhang, Shu E-28692 Spain E-28692 Spain INAF - IASF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica Via A. Corti 12 MilanoI-20133 Italy Department of Astronomy ISDC University of Geneva Chemin d'Ecogia 16 VersoixCH-1290 Switzerland E-28692 Spain Department of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy Georgia College and State University MilledgevilleGA31061 United States AIM CEA CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Université de Paris Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France Université de Paris CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie ParisF-75006 France School of Physical Sciences and CfAR Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place Dublin 2 Ireland Department of Applied Physics & Astronomy University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Applied Physics University of Alicante AlicanteE-03080 Spain Sternberg Astronomical Institute Moscow State University Moscow119234 Russia Kazan Federal University Kazan Russia Institute of Astrophysics Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Heraklion Crete71110 Greece University of Crete Physics Department Institute of Theoretical & Computational Physics Heraklion Crete70013 Greece Department of Physics Systems Engineering and Signal Theory University of Alicante AlicanteE-03690 Spain University Institute of Physics Applied to Sciences and Technologies University of Alicante AlicanteE-03690 Spain Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Turku FI-20014 Finland Space Research Institute The Russian Academy of Sciences Profsoyuznaya Str. 84/32 Moscow117997 Russia School of Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom Erwin-Rommel-Strae 1 Erlangen91058 Germany Universidad Internacional de Valencia - VIU C/Pintor Sorolla 21 Valencia46002 Spain E-28692 Spain Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Universität Tübingen Sand 1 Tübingen

High mass X-ray binaries are among the brightest X-ray sources in the Milky Way, as well as in nearby Galaxies. Thanks to their highly variable emissions and complex phenomenology, they have attracted the interest of the high energy astrophysical community since the dawn of X-ray Astronomy. In more recent years, they have challenged our comprehension of physical processes in many more energy bands, ranging from the infrared to very high energies. In this review, we provide a broad but concise summary of the physical processes dominating the emission from high mass X-ray binaries across virtually the whole electromagnetic spectrum. These comprise the interaction of stellar winds with the high gravitational and magnetic fields of compact objects, the behaviour of matter under extreme magnetic and gravity conditions, and the perturbation of the massive star evolutionary processes by presence in a binary system. We highlight the role of the INTEGRAL mission in the discovery of many of the most interesting objects in the high mass X-ray binary class and its contribution in reviving the interest for these sources over the past two decades. We show how the INTEGRAL discoveries have not only contributed to significantly increase the number of high mass X-ray binaries known, thus advancing our understanding of the population as a whole, but also have opened new windows of investigation that stimulated the multi-wavelength approach nowadays common in most astrophysical research fields. We conclude the review by providing an overview of future facilities being planned from the X-ray to the very high energy domain that will hopefully help us in finding an answer to the many questions left open after more than 18 years of INTEGRAL scientific observations. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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