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Experimental and numerical study on aerosol explosion characteristics and flame propagation behavior of hydrogen and gasoline spray mixtures

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 133卷 276-290页

作者： Yu, Ke Hu, Yong He, Lingfeng Wang, Xuegui Kai, Reo Watanabe, Hiroaki Kurose, Ryoichi State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China School of New Energy Equipment Zhejiang College of Security Technology Wenzhou325016 China Department of Advanced Environmental Science and Engineering Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Fukuoka Kasuga816-8580 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Kyoto University Kyotodaigaku-katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto615-8540 Japan

Understanding the explosion characteristics and flame behaviors of hydrogen related aerosol mixtures is an important subject for the safety maintenance of various hydrogen production and supply chain. As such, in present work, an extensive explosion experiment was conducted in a 5 L duct for gasoline spray/H2 mixture with varying H2 and gasoline concentrations. The explosion pressure and transient flame morphology of gasoline spray/H2 aerosol were investigated, accompanied by a comprehensive analysis of chemical kinetics to elucidate the elementary reaction sensitivity and reaction paths that govern the combustion mechanism of mixed fuel. Results indicate that for median gasoline concentration, the peak explosion pressure of aerosol mixture first increases and then decreases when hydrogen component increases. Meanwhile, the peak explosion pressure shifts towards the lower hydrogen regime as gasoline concentration increases. The flame propagation of aerosol mixture with low gasoline concentration is close to that of gaseous fuel, which is characterized by a uniform combustion and is controlled by chemical dynamics. On the contrary, for higher gasoline concentration, the explosive mixture exhibits a heterogenous combustion, controlled by the multiphase devolatilization. Moreover, the reactions of O2+H[dbnd]O + OH and H2+OH[dbnd]H + H2O are the main pathways for hydrogen to participate in gasoline combustion and explosion, which improve the production rate of H, O, OH radicals and promote the reactivity of the hydrogen dual-fuel flame. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Crystallization kinetics

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Unlocking Spatio-Temporal Flexibility of Data Centers in Multiple Regional Peer-to-Peer Energy Transaction Markets

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IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 2025年

作者： Jin, Tianyu Bai, Linquan Yan, Mingyu Chen, Xinyu Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology Wuhan430074 China University of North Carolina at Charlotte William States Lee College of Engineering CharlotteNC28223 United States

Recently, the growth of distributed energy resources (DERs) has aroused peer-to-peer (P2P) energy transaction. With abundant flexibility of shifting computational tasks, data centers could participate in the P2P energy transaction market. However, the revenue that one data center receives through participating in regional P2P markets may conflict with that of the whole company owning several geographical data centers. Furthermore, the market clearing would be more complex after considering the latency characteristics of data centers and privacy protection in P2P transactions. This paper proposes an integrated multiple regional P2P energy transaction (MRPET) model, unlocking both the spatial and temporal flexibility of data centers in P2P trading. The detailed models of data centers, especially considering the total delay in processing tasks, are constructed, as well as several operational constraints of prosumers and P2P energy transaction. A two-stage algorithm based on Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) is proposed for joint clearing of the MRPET markets. The proposed models and algorithm are examined in test systems and the results show that more renewable generation could be locally consumed with the re-dispatch of multiple data centers. Reduced costs are achieved for both the data center company and prosumers. The case study also analyzes the impact of task variation and delay cost on the schedule of data centers and market clearing. © 1969-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Commerce

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nBn mid-wavelength infrared photodetectors based on bulk InGaAsSb absorbers

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Optical Materials Express 2025年第4期15卷 717-723页

作者： Cao, Peng Wei, Jiaqi Bentley, Matthew Davison, Nicholas Hu, Yidan You, Minghui Peng, Hongling Wang, Tiancai Zhuang, Qiandong Zheng, Wanhua Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronics Information Technology Institute of Semiconductors CAS Beijing100083 China State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of Semiconductors CAS Beijing100083 China College of Electronic and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China Physics Department Lancaster University LancasterLA1 4YB United Kingdom College of Engineering and Technology Jilin Agricultural University 2888 Xincheng Street Changchun130118 China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou310024 China

In this paper, we demonstrate an nBn mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) photodetector with a 100% cutoff wavelength over 4.0 µm based on a high-In composition InGaAsSb absorber on GaSb substrate. A thin AlGaAsSb layer is exploited as the barrier layer to suppress the generation-recombination (G-R) current. Both structural and optical properties of the grown InGaAsSb epilayer are investigated by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) and photoluminescence (PL) measurement. Low dark current density down to 9.9 × 10−5 A/cm2 and 6.5 × 10−2 A/cm2 are obtained at −500 mV under 77 K and 300 K, respectively. Moreover, respective peak responsivity of 0.64 A/W and 0.10 A/W at 2.67 µm are achieved at −500 mV under 77 K and 160 K. These correspond to a peak specific detectivity of 1.06 × 1011 cm·Hz1/2/W and 4.23 × 109 cm·Hz1/2/W, respectively. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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Coordinated Control Strategy for Multi Hybrid Active Power Filters

Coordinated Control Strategy for Multi Hybrid Active Power F...

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Electrical Automation and Artificial Intelligence (ICEAAI), International Conference on

作者： Chen Wang Bo Yang Yutong Wu Mingshu Li Xingyang Li Jingyuan Yin State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company Beijing China Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Electrical Engineering and Advanced Electromagnetic Drive Technology Qilu Zhongke Jinan China Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Conversion Technology Jinan China

ISBN: (数字)9798331506797

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506803

With the development of new power systems and power electronics technology, the power system in the “double high” scenario faces certain challenges in harmonic control. To achieve precise real-time control of harmonics, this article proposes a collaborative control strategy for multi hybrid active power filters (HAPF). Based on Silicon Carbide Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (SiC-MOSFET) novel power components, a modular HAPF was constructed, the active and passive parts were connected through coupling inductance to output effective compensation current. To achieve real-time and accurate detection of harmonics, an adaptive filter is constructed by combining Least Mean Square (LMS) and Least Mean Squared (LMF) method, and adaptively update the weight step size based on the error results. A coupling evaluation index was constructed by introducing the relative gain matrix (RGA), considering the compensation performance, capacity allocation, and coupling effects of each HAPF, the optimal allocation of compensation current for each device is determined. The simulation results showed that the proposed method can accurately detect and compensate for system harmonics through collaborative control of multiple HAPF, thereby improving the power quality of the power system.

关键词： Couplings Performance evaluation Adaptive systems Heuristic algorithms Collaboration Harmonic analysis Active filters Real-time systems Resource management Power harmonic filters

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Study on glass colorization and reduction of multi-angle differences

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Ceramics International 2025年第12期51卷 15098-15106页

作者： Wang, Jinlei Wang, Tianqi Yang, Yang Chen, Shuyong Laishram, Devika Zheng, Jijie Peng, Saiao Jin, Kewu Yao, Tingting Yang, Dengfeng Shu, Lingxiu Li, Gang Zhang, Yongliang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Float Glass CNBM Research Institute for Advanced Glass Materials Group Co. Ltd Bengbu233000 China School of Physics Trinity College Dublin DublinD02PN40 Ireland Co. Ltd. Bengbu233000 China Department of Mining Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Université Laval QuebecG1V 0A6 Canada

Solar photovoltaic modules have a single color that cannot meet the requirements of architectural aesthetics. In this paper, starting from the glass cover of thin-film solar cells, to the color-coated glass (coral, green and blue) is prepared by magnetron sputtering with the aid of TFCalc software. TiO2/SiO2/TiO2/SiO2 multilayers with different thickness were prepared with an average transmittance above 73 %. The angle stability of the film color was investigated, and the color stability under different viewing angles can be improved by using high haze frosted glass as the substrate for the preparation of colored films. An average visible transmittance of 75.5 % was obtained in the coral film with the covering of the frosted glass. The use of high haze frosted glass to prepare colored film not only improves the transmittance of coated glass, but also reduces the angle dependence of color film, reduces light pollution, and facilitates the development of industrialization and PV building integration. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Color films

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A Variable Parameter Series Compensation Method Featuring Fast Dynamic Response for Dual Active Bridge Converter in Battery Charging/Discharging Applications

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IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 2025年

作者： Wang, Feng Wang, Xuehua Yuan, Jialing Ruan, Xinbo Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan430074 China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Center for More-Electric-Aircraft Power Systems College of Automation Engineering Nanjing210016 China

The extended-phase-shift (EPS) modulated dual-active-bridge (DAB) converter has become prevalent in battery charging/discharging systems, where low overshoot and short settling time are critically required. However, wide variations in battery voltage and current and abrupt operating mode transitions tend to challenge the dynamic performance of the converter. In this paper, a small-signal model is developed, the potential challenge due to the wide-range variations or abrupt mode transitions is evaluated, and a variable parameter series compensation (VPSC) method is proposed. The proposed method can adjust its parameters in real time according to the variations in battery voltage and current, making the dynamics of the EPS-DAB converter immune to the variations. For practical implementation, a polynomial-fit approximation is conducted to minimize the computational complexity. An execution-optimized flowchart is also provided. Experimental results on a 45-kW prototype demonstrate the effectiveness of the VPSC method. Even under the worst case when the battery voltage is 107 V and the battery current steps from 100 A to -100 A, no overshoot arises and the settling time is less than 6 ms. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Polynomial approximation

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Analysis and Enhancement of Synchronization Stability in Grid-forming PV Systems Using Torque Component Quantification

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IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2025年

作者： Chen, Qiong Tang, Yajie Gong, Diyang Lin, Lei Zeng, Qianqian Shi, Xiaojie State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan430074 China Electric Power Research Institute State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co. Ltd. Hangzhou310022 China

With the rapid deployment of distributed PVs, the stability issues become a serious concern for power systems. As a solution, the grid-forming control (GFM) featuring active regulation of voltage and frequency emerges. Among various GFM schemes, the DC-link voltage synchronous control has attracted tremendous attention as it can stabilize the DC-link voltage of PV systems and utilize the stored energy of their DC-link capacitors to mimic the inertia support. However, a PV system using the DC-link voltage synchronous control (PV-DVSC) can cause low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) under certain operating conditions. To mitigate such risks, this paper investigates the mechanism of LFO and associated suppression method, utilizing the torque component quantification. Firstly, a torque analysis model of the PV-DVSC is established to elucidate the contribution of different control loops on LFO from a torque vector perspective. Additionally, the impacts of key parameters on LFO are quantitatively assessed via the damping and synchronizing torques. Leveraging these torques, a torque-oriented phase compensator (TOPC) is designed, targeting a positive torque to effectively suppress the unstable LFO even under extreme conditions such as desynchronization. Finally, the validity of above analysis and proposed TOPC strategy are verified through simulation control-hardware-in-The-loop test results. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power system control

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Degradation of target pollutants under simultaneous competition from coexisting compounds: Electron-beam treatment of a real hair dye wastewater

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Radiation Physics and Chemistry 2025年 236卷

作者： Bao, Qiburi Yu, Boming Li, Wangrui Yang, Miao Dong, Zhen Zhao, Long School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Water pollution resulting from the extensive production and consumption of hair dyes has been threatening human health and aquatic ecosystems globally. Gaining knowledge on the presence of compounds in real hair dye wastewater and developing efficient treatment are emerging issues. This paper studies the electron beam irradiation of a real hair dye industrial wastewater. The CODCr of the industrial wastewater was reduced by 35 % through EB irradiation at 9 kGy. Four dyestuff intermediates (phenol, 5-amino-o-cresol, 5-amino-4-chloro-o-cresol and 5-amino-6-chloro-o-cresol) were identified as the target pollutants through compositional analysis of the wastewater. The removals of target pollutants in single-component solutions reached 75.7 %–89.7 % at 9 kGy The influence of coexisting background components on the degradation of targets was investigated and the interaction between different targets was evaluated during the irradiation treatment. Compared with pure single solutions, the required doses for 50 % removal of the targets in the wastewater increased by 0.1–5.8 times. Quantitative assessment of the competing effects of non-target components and the selectivity of reactive species is performed. [rad]OH and [rad]O2− show much lower selectivity toward the targets than reducing radicals (eaq− and [rad]H). Among them, [rad]O2− exhibits the lowest selectivity toward phenol with a logf value of −0.51. The main breakdown products of the target pollutants are quinones, diphenols and carboxylic acids. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： River pollution

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Low-potential Li2C2O4 prelithiation catalyzed by 2D MoN with dominant (002) crystal face for high-energy lithium-ion batteries

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Materials Science and engineering R: Reports 2025年 165卷

作者： Lv, Tuan Zhong, Wei He, Renjie Zhou, Feng Xiang, Jingyu Huo, Kaifu Xie, Jia State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430000 China

Lithium oxalate (Li2C2O4) is considered as an ideal prelithiation agent owing to its high specific capacity and cost-effectiveness. However, the high reaction energy barrier and low intrinsic conductivity lead to a lithium liberation potential higher than 4.5 V, which severely trials the tolerance of the electrolyte and electrodes and significantly compromises the battery performance. In this study, two-dimensional molybdenum nitride (MoN) with (002) dominant exposed crystal face having superior catalytic properties is engineered to promote the low-potential decomposition of Li2C2O4. With its half-filled electronic state of surface Mo atoms and ultra-high electronic conductivity, highly polarized MoN can effectively adsorb and catalyze the decomposition of Li2C2O4, thus reducing the lithium liberation reaction energy barrier by 46.8 %. As a result, the lithium liberation potential of Li2C2O4 is diminished to 3.9 V. When paired with LiFePO4 (LFP) and LiNi0.5Co0.3Mn0.2O2 (NCM) cathode, forming Graphite || LFP-L and SiOx || NCM-L full cells, the capacity increase by 5.5 % and 11 %, respectively. Additionally, prelithiation facilitates the formation of a fluorine-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the anode, markedly improving the cycling stability of the battery. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Knowledge-assisted Approach for Contactless Current Measurement in Multiconductor Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2025年

作者： Ma, Chaojun Xu, Yingying Chen, Qing Jiao, Yang Qu, Zeming He, Cheng Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Wuhan430074 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan430074 China

Current measurements of multiconductor systems are essential for smart grids, but conventional intrusive measurement approaches require power outages before deployment and maintenance and thus are expensive and may reduce system stability. Though many contactless current measurement approaches have been proposed in recent years, the challenge of easing the impact of conductor positions and decoupling current information remains. This paper proposes a novel approach that combines a cost-effective annular magnetic field (MF) sensor array with an inverse calculation technique for precise, contactless current measurements in multiconductor systems. Specifically, the MF sensor array captures the MF distribution surrounding the multiconductor systems for characterizing the coupled current information. Then, the hardware-oriented measurement task is reformulated into a computational optimization problem, where the currents and conductor positions are mathematically related to the MF distribution for decoupling. Meanwhile, an effective algorithm is tailored, where knowledge about the current and MF distribution is used to generate promising initial solutions for efficiency and effectiveness improvement. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves high accuracy in current measurement considering the impact of conductor positions, with error rates maintained below 1% and 2% in balanced and unbalanced cases, respectively. Additionally, an abnormal MF sensing data correction method is developed to further ensure measurement accuracy, showing resilience to sensor anomalies and maintaining a relative measurement error below 2% after correction. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Smart power grids

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