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Nanopore-rich NiFe LDH targets the formation of the high-valent nickel for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction

Nano Research 2023年第2期16卷 2286-2293页

作者： Qunlei Wen Shuzhe Wang Ruiwen Wang Danji Huang Jiakun Fang Youwen Liu Tianyou Zhai State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Lab of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Nickel-iron layered double hydroxides(NiFe LDHs)represent a promising candidate for oxygen evolution reaction(OER),however,are still confronted with insufficient activity,due to the slow kinetics of electrooxidation of Ni^(2+)cations for the high-valent active ***,nanopore-rich NiFe LDH(PR-NiFe LDH)nanosheets were proposed for enhancing the OER activity together with *** the designed catalyst,the confined nanopores create abundant unsaturated Ni sites at edges,and decrease the migration distance of protons down to the scale of their mean free path,thus promoting the formation of high-valent Ni^(3+)/^(4+)active *** unique configuration further improves the OER stability by releasing the lattice stress and accelerating the neutralization of the local acidity during the phase ***,the optimized PR-NiFe LDH catalysts exhibit an ultralow overpotential of 278 mV at 10 mA∙cm^(−2)and a small Tafel slope of 75 mV∙dec^(−1),which are competitive among the advanced LDHs based ***,the RP-NiFe LDH catalyst was implemented in anion exchange membrane(AEM)water electrolyzer devices and operated steadily at a high catalytic current of 2 A over 80 *** results demonstrated that PR-NiFe LDH could be a viable candidate for the practical *** concept also provides valuable insights into the design of other catalysts for OER and beyond.

关键词： nickel-iron layered double hydroxides(NiFe LDHs) water oxidation nanopores high-valent sites

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Progress of the RF negative hydrogen ion source for fusion at HUST

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Plasma Science and technology 2022年第12期24卷 149-156页

作者： Chen ZUO Peng CHEN Zengshan LI Jinghan YANG Fei SONG Dezhi CHEN State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China

Huazhong University of Science and technology has developed an experimental setup of a radio frequency(RF) driven negative hydrogen ion source,to investigate the physics of production and extraction of the H^(-)ions for neutral beam injection in nuclear fusion *** main design parameters of the ion source are:RF power ≤40 kW;extraction voltage ≤10kV;accelerator voltage ≤20 *** paper gives an overview of the progress of the ion source with particular emphasis on some *** RF driver and source plasma are analyzed and optimized in terms of impedance matching,plasma characteristics and power *** regard to the simulation analysis,a plasma model based on the particle-in-cell method and a beam trajectory model considering beam stripping loss are developed to investigate the plasma and negative ions transport inside the ion ***,a collisional radiative model of H and H2is built for plasma optical diagnosis.

关键词： negative ion sources radio frequency(RF) particle-in-cell(PIC) beam simulation

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Study on the interaction mechanism of double-blade corona discharge with a large discharge gap

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Plasma Science and technology 2023年第4期25卷 101-110页

作者：李丁晨李传李家玮杨文迪肖梦涵张明于克训 International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical Engineering and ElectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China

Multi-source corona discharge is a commonly used method to generate more charged particles,but the interaction mechanism between multiple discharge sources,which largely determines the overall discharge effect,has still not been studied *** this work,a large-space hybrid model based on a hydrodynamic model and ion-transport model is adopted to study the interaction mechanism between discharge ***,the effects of the number of electrodes,voltage level,and electrode spacing on the discharge characteristics are studied by taking a double-blade electrode as an *** calculation results show that,when multiple discharge electrodes operate simultaneously,the superimposed electric field includes multiple components from the electrodes,making the ion distribution and current different from that under a single-blade *** larger the distance between discharge electrodes,the weaker the *** the electrode spacing d is larger than 4 cm,the interaction can be *** results can guide the design of large discharge gap array electrodes to achieve efficient discharge.

关键词： non-equilibrium plasma corona discharge double-blade electrode interaction numerical simulation

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DC active power filter based on model predictive control for DC bus overvoltage suppression of accelerator grid power supply

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Plasma Science and technology 2023年第6期25卷 1-13页

作者：张鸿淇朱帮友马少翔李志恒张明潘垣 International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology and School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China

The China Fusion engineering Test Reactor plans to build a 200 k V/25 A acceleration grid power supply(AGPS)for the negative-ion-based neutral beam injector prototype *** AGPS uses a rectifier-inverter-isolated step-up *** is a DC bus between the rectifier and the *** order to limit DC bus voltage ripple and transient fluctuations,a large number of capacitors are used,which degrades the reliability of the power supply and occupies a large amount of *** work finds that due to the difference in the turn-off time of the rectifier and the inverter,the capacitance mainly depends on the rectifier current when the inverter is turned *** this basis,an active power filter(APF)scheme is proposed to absorb the *** enhance the dynamic response ability of the APF,model predictive control is *** this paper,the circuit structure of the APF is introduced,the prediction model is deduced,the corresponding control strategy and signal detection method are proposed,and the simulation and experimental results show that APF can track the transient current of the DC bus and reduce the voltage fluctuation significantly.

关键词： CFETR NBI accelerator grid power supply power active filter model predictive control

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Sterilization mechanism of helium/helium-oxygen atmospheric-pressure pulsed dielectric barrier discharge on membrane surface

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Plasma Science and technology 2022年第12期24卷 173-181页

作者： Xingyu CHEN Yuhan Li Mengqi LI Zilan XIONG State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China

Pulsed dielectric barrier discharge(PDBD) exhibits several applications in different fields;however,the interaction of its components with substances remains a key *** this study,we employed experimental and numerical modeling to investigate the interactions between different PDBD components and substances in pure helium and a helium-oxygen mixture.A membrane comprising a Staphylococcus aureus strain was utilized as the treatment object to demonstrate the trace actions of the evolutions and distributions of certain components on the surface of the *** results revealed that the shapes and sizes of the discharging area and inhibition zone differed between *** a pure helium condition,a discharge layer existed along the membrane surface,lying beside the main discharging channel within the electrode ***,an annulus inhibition zone was formed at the outer edge of the electrode in the pure helium group at 30 s and 1 min,and this zone extended to a solid circle at 2 min with a radius that was~50% larger than that of the electrode ***,the discharging channel and inhibition zone in the helium-oxygen mixture were constrained inside the electrode area without forming any annulus.A 2D symmetrical model was developed with COMSOL to simulate the spatiotemporal distributions of different particles over the membrane surface,and the result demonstrated that the main components,which formed the annulus inhibition zone under the pure helium condition,contributed to the high concentration of the He^(+)annulus that was formed at the outer edge of the ***,O^(+)and O_(2)^(+)were the main components that killed the bacteria under the helium-oxygen mixture *** results reveal that the homogenization treatment on a material surface via PDBD is closely related to the treatment time and working gas.

关键词： pulsed dielectric barrier discharge interaction mechanism numerical modeling spatiotemporal distribution of species treatment substance

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“In-N-out” design enabling high-content triethyl phosphate-based non-flammable and high-conductivity electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 724-731页

作者： Mengchuang Liu Fenfen Ma Zicheng Ge Ziqi Zeng Qiang Wu Hui Yan Yuanke Wu Sheng Lei Yanli Zhu Shijie Cheng Jia Xie State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China GuSu Laboratory of Materials Suzhou215123China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110000China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

Safety issues related to flammable electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) remain a major challenge for their extended *** use of non-flammable phosphate-based electrolytes has proved the validity in inhibiting the combustion of ***,the strong interaction between Li^(+) and phosphate leads to a dominant solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) with limited electronic shielding,resulting in the poor Li^(+) intercalation at the graphite(Gr) anode when using high-phosphate-content *** mitigate this issue and improve Li^(+) insertion,we propose an “In-N-Out” strategy to render phosphates “noncoordinative”.By employing a combination of strongly polar solvents for a “block effect” and weakly polar solvents for a “drag effect”,we reduce the Li^(+)–phosphate *** a result,phosphates remain in the electrolyte phase(“In”),minimizing their impact on the incompatibility with the Gr electrode(“Out”).We have developed a non-flammable electrolyte with high triethyl phosphate(TEP) content(>60 wt.%),demonstrating the excellent ion conductivity(5.94 mS cm^(-1) at 30 ℃) and reversible Li^(+) intercalation at a standard concentration(~1 mol L^(-1)).This approach enables the manipulation of multiple electrolyte functions and holds the promise for the development of safe electrochemical energy storage systems using non-flammable electrolytes.

关键词： lithium-ion batteries graphite anode high-phosphate-content electrolytes non-flammable electrolyte excellent ion conductivity standard concentration

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A Hybrid Compression Method for Compound Power Quality Disturbance Signals in Active Distribution Networks

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1902-1911页

作者： Xiangui Xiao Kaicheng Li Chen Zhao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Fujian Agriculture and Forest UniversityFuzhou 350002China

In the compression of massive compound power quality disturbance(PQD) signals in active distribution networks, the compression ratio(CR) and reconstruction error(RE) act as a pair of contradictory indicators, and traditional compression algorithms have difficulties in simultaneously satisfying a high CR and low RE. To improve the CR and reduce the RE, a hybrid compression method that combines a strong tracking Kalman filter(STKF), sparse decomposition, Huffman coding, and run-length coding is proposed in this study. This study first uses a sparse decomposition algorithm based on a joint dictionary to separate the transient component(TC) and the steady-state component(SSC) in the PQD. The TC is then compressed by wavelet analysis and by Huffman and runlength coding algorithms. For the SSC, values that are greater than the threshold are reserved, and the compression is finally completed. In addition, the threshold of the wavelet depends on the fading factor of the STKF to obtain a high CR. Experimental results of real-life signals measured by fault recorders in a dynamic simulation laboratory show that the CR of the proposed method reaches as high as 50 and the RE is approximately 1.6%, which are better than those of competing methods. These results demonstrate the immunity of the proposed method to the interference of Gaussian noise and sampling frequency.

关键词： Signal compression power quality disturbance Huffman coding run-length coding wavelet analysis sparse decomposition

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Switching Reaction Pathway of Medium-Concentration Ether Electrolytes to Achieve 4.5 V Lithium Metal Batteries (vol 23, pg 8481, 2023)

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NANO LETTERS 2023年第21期23卷 10097-10097页

作者： Jiang, Zhipeng Deng, Yu Mo, Jisheng Zhang, Qingan Zeng, Ziqi Li, Yongtao Xie, Jia School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials of Ministry of Education Anhui University of Technology Maanshan 243002 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Pursuing high-energy-density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) necessitates the advancement of electrolytes. Despite demonstrating high compatibility with lithium metal anodes (LMAs), ether-based electrolytes face challenges in achieving stable cycling at high voltages. Herein, we propose a strategy to enhance the high-voltage stability of medium-concentration (∼1 M) ether electrolytes by altering the reaction pathway of ether solvents. By employing a 1 M lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate in dimethoxyethane (LiDFOB/DME) electrolyte, we observed that LiDFOB displays a pronounced tendency for decomposition over DME, leading to a modification in the decomposition pathway of DME. This modification facilitates the formation of a stable organic–inorganic hybrid interface. Utilizing such an electrolyte, the Li-LCO cell demonstrates a discharge specific capacity of 146 mAh g–1 (5 C) and maintains retention of 86% over 1000 cycles at 2 C under a 4.5 V cutoff voltage. Additionally, the optimized ether electrolyte demonstrated outstanding cycling performance in Li-LCO full cells under practical conditions.

关键词： lithium metal battery electrolyte high-voltage ether interface

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Design and performance study of a dielectric-filled cavity beam current monitor for HUST-PTF

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第8期34卷 75-85页

作者： Ji-Qing Li Kuan-Jun Fan Zheng-Zheng Liu Jian Wang Qu-Shan Chen Jin-Feng Yang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University8-1 MihogaokaIbarakiOsaka 567-0047Japan

To guarantee the exact proton dose applied to patients and ensure treatment safety while disrupting and destroying tumor cells,it is essential to accurately monitor the proton beam current in real time during patient *** clinical treatment requires a proton beam current in the∼nA range,nondestructive beam current monitors(BCMs)are preferred to minimize the degradation of beam ***,this poses significant challenges in accurately monitoring such extremely low beam *** study proposes a cavity-type BCM equipped with a dielectric plate to reduce its dimensions and achieve sufficient measurement sensitivity for practical requirements.A prototype cavity BCM was fabricated,and off-line testing was performed using a metal wire to simulate the beam to study its *** the simulation and experi-mental results showed that the cavity BCM could measure ultralow proton beam currents with a resolution up to 0.03 nA.

关键词： Proton therapy Beam current Cavity BCM Nondestructive

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Analytical analysis of hollow CORC cable under thermo-mechanical loads

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Superconductivity 2023年第1期5卷 26-39页

作者： Xianhao Li Yuejin Tang Ying Xu Li Ren State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Wuhan 430074China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

According to engineering experience,the axial shrinkage caused by the refrigerant seriously endangers the performance of long‐distance conductor on round core(CORC)*** outage maintenance of high‐temperature superconducting(HTS)cables is inevitable,providing appropriate compensation for cyclic temperature is one of the key technologies in the actual application of power ***,this paper presents an analytical solution for hollow CORC cables under thermo‐mechanical ***,regarded as an axisymmetric composite structure,the radial temperature distribution of CORC cable under Dirichlet boundary or mixed boundary conditions was ***,assuming cable ends were axially fixed,a recursive method without variables is used to evaluate its displacement,strains,and ***,an algebraic method with axial strain as a variable is developed to analyze the mechanical behavior of the CORC cable more ***,concluded from the above derivation,a matrix equation is constructed based on continuity equations and boundary conditions,which applies to isotropic and orthotropic materials with *** results show that the analytical solution agrees with finite element method(FEM)*** to the trial results of a 360 m CORC cable,the calculation error of axial shrinkage is within 1.63 cm,and the relative error is within 6.1%.In addition,the recursive method is the fastest to calculate axial strain,while the matrix method has a significant efficiency advantage in calculating the stresses and strains of each layer.

关键词： CORC cable Analytical solution Thermo‐mechanical loads Axial shrinkage Recursive method Algebraic method

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