With high efficiency and high flux-weakening capability, hybrid synchronous motor (HSM) is a competitive alternative as a cost-effective solution for traction applications. This paper presents a cascaded and systemati...
With high efficiency and high flux-weakening capability, hybrid synchronous motor (HSM) is a competitive alternative as a cost-effective solution for traction applications. This paper presents a cascaded and systematic method to define specifications of target motor and design a high efficiency 172 kW, 18000 rpm HSM for a two-speed e-Powertrain system. Vehicle-level specifications and gear ratio combinations are taken into consideration to determine motor requirements. Four concept rotor typologies are investigated to obtain efficiency maps for comparisons in simulation models. Detailed loss analyses are done at both base speed and maximum speed for a selected HSM. 0.2 mm stator lamination and 4 segmented magnets in each magnet slot have been applied to further improve motor maximum efficiency. Performance tests are completed in the dyne bay to show that 97.5% maximum efficiency is achieved.
Efficiency is always one of key metrics for electric powertrain system to make the most of battery stored energy and boost electric vehicle’s range. This paper presents a systematic method to estimate efficiency capa...
Efficiency is always one of key metrics for electric powertrain system to make the most of battery stored energy and boost electric vehicle’s range. This paper presents a systematic method to estimate efficiency capability for an integrated two-speed e-Powertrain system. Overall system is modelled in MATLAB/Simulink. Inverter power, voltage and current requirements are defined from system specifications. Inverter losses, efficiencies and thermal conditions are investigated at switching frequencies of SkHz and 12kHz. With both traction motor and gearbox efficiency maps, 93.2% system peak efficiency and 90.2% Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) Class 3b driving cycle efficiency are obtained to verify that design targets are met in simulations. A prototype is built to validate system efficiency performance in the thermal chamber during tests.
Large-scale photovoltaics (PVs) connected to the power grid through power electronic equipment have greatly changed the dynamics of the traditional power systems dominated by synchronous generators (SGs), bringing sig...
Large-scale photovoltaics (PVs) connected to the power grid through power electronic equipment have greatly changed the dynamics of the traditional power systems dominated by synchronous generators (SGs), bringing significant challenges to modeling and analysis of modern power systems. In this paper, a nonlinear model of multi-machine power systems integrated with PVs is established to reveal the multi-timescale transient synchronization characteristics using the singular perturbation technique. The fast subsystem containing the dynamics of the DC voltage control, terminal voltage control, and phase-locked loop, and the slow subsystem containing the dynamics of the rotor swing can effectively reflect the dynamics of multi-machine power systems integrated with PVs within the electromagnetic and electromechanical timescales, respectively. The proposed model provides a clearer physical picture of dynamics in the multi-machine power systems integrated with PVs within the electromagnetic and electromechanical timescales, and serves as the foundational model for further stability analysis. Finally, simulation results verify the validity of the proposed model.
A novel variable impedance fault tolerant design concept is proposed in this paper for high reliable PM machines. The special fault tolerant ring structure realizes the automatic transformation of the machine from low...
A novel variable impedance fault tolerant design concept is proposed in this paper for high reliable PM machines. The special fault tolerant ring structure realizes the automatic transformation of the machine from low impedance in healthy operation to ultra-high impedance in fault operation, which effectively suppresses the short-circuit current. First, the design guidelines for fault tolerant ring and the fault tolerance mechanism of variable impedance are introduced. Subsequently, two variable impedance machine topologies with separated and integrated fault tolerant rings are investigated. Finally, the prototypes are fabricated and the experimental results show that the proposed variable impedance topology has a turn-to-turn short-circuit current suppression capability that far exceeds that of the conventional fault tolerant topology.
With the increasing penetration of new energy sources such as wind and solar, accurate source-side power forecasting helps power system dispatchers to obtain new energy pre-output plans and improve the power system...
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An automated video surveillance system plays a vital role in unattended substations. To minimize the camera cost and maximize the monitoring coverage of the substation, efficiently placing the camera is critical. Two ...
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The differential boost inverter (DBI) has gained a great deal of interest in academia due to its advantages. Compared with conventional cascaded topology composed of a DC-DC boost circuit and a voltage source inverter...
The differential boost inverter (DBI) has gained a great deal of interest in academia due to its advantages. Compared with conventional cascaded topology composed of a DC-DC boost circuit and a voltage source inverter, DBI needs only one-level topology to achieve boost inverter, thus has higher efficiency and lower cost. The three-phase DBI can be applied to motor drives and grid connection. Based on analyzing the structure and operating principle of three-phase DBI, this paper presents an elaborate and in-depth review of typical control strategies for three-phase DBI, including their basic principles, key features, exiting issues, and relevant suggestions, and finally reports the development tendency of the control strategies.
Under extended-phase-shift (EPS) modulation, both the internal phase-shift angle and the external phase-shift angle will have large step changes when the dual-bridge series resonant converter (DBSRC) rapidly adjusts t...
Under extended-phase-shift (EPS) modulation, both the internal phase-shift angle and the external phase-shift angle will have large step changes when the dual-bridge series resonant converter (DBSRC) rapidly adjusts the transmission power. This will cause serious oscillations in the resonant current and resonant voltage of DBSRC and threaten the safety of the converter. This paper analyzes the transient process produced by sudden changes in phase shift angles under EPS modulation. Then a fast transient control method is proposed for suppressing the oscillation by utilizing both internal and external phase-shift angles, which controls the transient process within one switching cycle and achieves a smooth transition of transmission power. Besides, impact and oscillation on the resonant current and resonant voltage during transient processes are significantly reduced. Finally, the performance of the control method is verified based on experimental and simulation results.
An optimal direct torque control (OPT-DTC) scheme is proposed for DC-biased vernier reluctance machines (VRMs) to improve the steady and dynamic performance of drive system. Firstly, the nonlinear model of DC-biased V...
An optimal direct torque control (OPT-DTC) scheme is proposed for DC-biased vernier reluctance machines (VRMs) to improve the steady and dynamic performance of drive system. Firstly, the nonlinear model of DC-biased VRM is proposed in synchronous rotating frame. Then, the optimal control theory is employed to the model by designing an optimal torque controller with the ability of regulating zero-sequence current. The feedforward control terms are designed to improve the dynamic response, and the feedback control terms are designed to improve the steady performance. An optimal load torque observer is designed for speed control. Finally, comparative experiments with conventional DTC schemes for DC-biased VRMs are carried out to verify the superior performance of the proposed method, including higher accuracy of torque and flux and faster dynamic response.
It is well known that the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind farm may face the sub-synchronous oscillation (SSO) or high frequency oscillation (HFO) issue. However, the medium frequency oscillati...
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