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Experimental study on the performance of an aircraft environmental control system

Applied Thermal Engineering 2009年第16期29卷 3284-3288页

作者： Hongli Zhao Yu Hou Yongfeng Zhu Liang Chen Shuangtao Chen State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 PR China The First Aircraft Institute of AVIC1 Xi’an 710089 PR China

In this paper, the experimental study on the off-design performance and dynamic response of an aircraft environmental control system (ECS) was presented. A bootstrap air cycle refrigeration system with high-pressure water separation was employed in the ECS. Both the static test and the dynamic test were conducted on the ECS. The performance of the key components including precooler, recuperator, compressor, and turbine was investigated. The test results show the performance of the tested ECS can meet the requirements of design. However, some parameters including outlet pressure, turbine efficiency, and rotational speed might vary obviously when the operation conditions changed. The outlet humidity ratio and outlet temperature might also fluctuate largely during the start-up process. It is necessary to take into account the off-design performance and the transient performance in the design of ECS.

关键词： Environmental control system Off-design performance Dynamic response Brayton cycle

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A Piv Measurement and Numerical Simulation of Gas‐Liquid Two‐Phrase flow in An Aeration Tank

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2007年第1期914卷 453-457页

作者： Wen Cheng Chun‐Di Yang Yuichi Murai Fujio Yamamoto 1State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineerig Xi’ann Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China 2Environment Research Institute Xian University of Technology Xian 710048 China 3Div. of Mec. Science Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Japan 4Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui Bunkyo 3‐9‐1 Fukui 910‐8507 Japan

Aeration plays an important role in the treatment of activated sludge. The aeration performance is deeply affected by the movement law of bubble liquid flow in aeration tank. In order to discuss the influence of gas‐phase, liquid‐phase motions in an aeration tank on the sewage disposal, three kinds of boundaries and initial conditions were applied in the experiment to study the law of two‐phase flow. A developed two‐equation turbulence model was employed in this paper. Results obtained by experiment are compared with those from the mathematical model. It is found that the results of measurement and simulation agree with each other.

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Study on ignition delay of multi-component syngas using shock tube

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Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014年第5期92卷 861-870页

作者： Thi, Luong Dinh Zhang, Yingjia Fu, Jin Huang, Zuohua Zhang, Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Combustion and Flow Diagnostics Research Group Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 3JD United Kingdom

Ignition delays of four typical syngas mixtures were investigated using both experimental and simulated methods. The shock tube experiments were conducted behind the reflected shock waves at temperature ranges from 870 to 1350K, pressures of 0.2, 1.0 and 2.0MPa. Six available kinetic models were evaluated by comparing them to the new ignition delay data obtained. NUIG C3 model was in good agreement with the experimental results. The effect of the pressure on ignition delay of all four syngas mixtures was similar to that of hydrogen. The promoting and inhibiting ignition were experimentally observed at high and moderate temperatures, respectively. Sensitivity analyses were conducted at different temperatures and pressures to identify the dominant elementary reactions in the ignition process of the syngas. The results indicated that the ignition delay was generally most sensitive to the chain branching reaction H+O2=O+OH at both high and low temperatures. Decomposition reaction H2O(+M)=H+OH (+M) was of importance for the syngas with relative inert gas CO2 and N2 at a high temperature. The reaction CO+OH=CO2+H involving CO kinetic dominated the ignition at a high temperature for the syngas with a high CO level. The inhibiting effect of pressure was attributed to the decrease of sensitivity of the reactions H+O2=O+OH and O+H2=H+OH and the increase of sensitivity of the reaction H+O2 (+M)=HO2(+M) at a moderate-low temperature. © 2013 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Experimental and numerical study on impinging fuel spray under high-pressure cross-flow condition 14

Experimental and numerical study on impinging fuel spray und...

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14th International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, ICLASS 2018

作者： Si, Z. Guo, M. Ashida, Y. Nishida, K. Ogata, Y. Tang, C. Huang, Z. Department of Mechanical System Engineering University of Hiroshima 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima739-8527 Japan School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan University of Technology 122 Luoshi road Wuhan Hubei430070 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 28 Xianning west road Xi'an710049 China

It is certified that the fuel spray is strongly affected by both in-cylinder air flow and piston cavity wall impingement in a direct injection engine. In this study, sprays injected by a valve covered orifice nozzle were tested by a high-speed video camera and a continuous wave laser sheet under a wind-tunnel with cross-flow and pressurized ambience, thereby the spray profiles in vertical and horizontal planes were investigated. Moreover, the experiment results were compared with simulations which was calculated by the validated spray models based on the CONVERGE software. With increase in the cross-flow velocity, the spray tip penetration evidently increased, and the increased cross-flow velocity led to an increase in the vortex height because of the enhanced spray dispersion. Furthermore, the high ambient pressure restrains the spray dispersion and leads to smaller spray tip penetration and vortex height. The outlines of spray with same liquid-to-air momentum flux ratio q can agree with each other in the windward side, nevertheless the droplet diffusion under high cross-flow velocity is distinct in the leeside. At the horizontal plane of y=25mm, a complex vortex movement was observed that resulted in a nonuniform distribution of droplets in the upper part of the spray in the leeward side. From the calculations, in the radial region apart from the impingement point (8mm4mm) hardly moved. © 2018 Solar Turbines Incorporated.

关键词： Continuous wave lasers

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Spray, ignition and combustion characteristics of biodiesel and diesel fuels injected by micro-hole nozzle under ultra-high injection pressure

Spray, ignition and combustion characteristics of biodiesel ...

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8th International Conference on Modeling and Diagnostics for Advanced Engine Systems, COMODIA 2012

作者： Kuti, Olawole Abiola Zhu, Jingyu Nishida, Keiya Wang, Xiangang Huang, Zuohua Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Technology PMB 704 Akure Ondo State Nigeria Department of Mechanical System Engineering University of Hiroshima 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan Changan Automobile Corporation No. 199 Wuhong Road Yubei District Chonqing China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

The spray and combustion characteristics of biodiesel (BDF) and diesel fuels injected by a micro-hole nozzle of 0.08 mm diameter under increasing injection pressure up to ultra-high value of 300 MPa were investigated in this research. The LIF-PIV (Laser Induced Fluorescence- Particle Image Velocimetry) technique was used to investigate the spray and entrained gas characteristics of the fuels while the OH chemiluminescence and two color techniques were utilized to study the ignition and combustion characteristics of the spray flames. From the research it was observed that at all injection pressures, due to inferior atomization processes, the normal velocity and total mass of the entrained gas by BDF was less compared to diesel. As a result of higher cetane number the BDF's flame ignition delay was shorter compared to diesel. The ratio of the mass flow rate of gas entrained to mass flow rate of injected fuel by BDF was less compared to diesel. Oxygen content in the BDF played a greater role in soot reduction as against the gas entrained. Copyright © 2012 by the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers.

关键词： Biodiesel

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An overview of application-oriented multifunctional large-scale stationary battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage system

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Energy Reviews 2024年第2期3卷 63-87页

作者： Yuchen Yang Zhen Wu Jing Yao Tianlei Guo Fusheng Yang Zaoxiao Zhang Jianwei Ren Liangliang Jiang Bo Li School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049PR China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049PR China Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2092South Africa Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryABT2N 1N4Canada School of Engineering University of KentKentCT27NZUK

The imperative to address traditional energy crises and environmental concerns has accelerated the need for energy structure ***,the variable nature of renewable energy poses challenges in meeting complex practical energy *** address this issue,the construction of a multifunctional large-scale stationary energy storage system is considered an effective *** paper critically examines the battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage *** technologies face limitations hindering them from fully meeting future energy storage needs,such as large storage capacity in limited space,frequent storage with rapid response,and continuous storage without ***,with their rapid response(<1 s)and high efficiency(>90%),excel in frequent short-duration energy ***,limitations such as a self-discharge rate(>1%)and capacity loss(~20%)restrict their use for long-duration energy ***,as a potential energy carrier,is suitable for large-scale,long-duration energy storage due to its high energy density,steady state,and low ***,it is less efficient for frequent energy storage due to its low storage efficiency(~50%).Ongoing research suggests that a battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage system could combine the strengths of both technologies to meet the growing demand for large-scale,long-duration energy *** assess their applied potentials,this paper provides a detailed analysis of the research status of both energy storage technologies using proposed key performance ***,application-oriented future directions and challenges of the battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage system are outlined from multiple perspectives,offering guidance for the development of advanced energy storage systems.

关键词： Hybrid energy storage system Battery Hydrogen Stationary Large-scale Multifunctional

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Assessing the predictions of A NOx kinetic mechanism on recent hydrogen and syngas experimental data 9

Assessing the predictions of A NOx kinetic mechanism on rece...

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9th International Conference on Modeling and Diagnostics for Advanved Engine Systems, COMODIA 2017

作者： Zhang, Yingjia Mathieu, Olivier Petersen, Eric Bourque, Gilles Li, Qianqian Curran, Henry Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Combustion Chemistry Centre National University of Ireland Galway Ireland Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A and M University College StationTX United States Siemens Canada Limited 9545 Cote de Liesse Road MontrealQCH9P 1A5 Canada

A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism has been developed to describe the pyrolysis and oxidation of the hydrogen/NOx and syngas/NOx systems. The thermodynamic data of nitrogenous compounds have been updated based on t... 详细信息

关键词： Hydrogen

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Optimizing Interfacial Environment of Triphasic Zno-Cu-Zro2 Confined Inside Mesoporous Silica Spheres for Enhancing Co2 Hydrogenation to Methanol

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Chen, Changwei Kosari, Mohammadreza Xi, Shibo Lim, Alvin M.H. He, Chi Zeng, Hua Chun Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore 10 Kent Ridge Crescent 119260 Singapore State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'An710049 China 1 Pesek Road Jurong Island 627833 Singapore

Herein, the well-known ternary Cu 0 -ZnO-ZrO 2 (CZZ) was spatially sequestered as fine, uniformly-dispersed optimized active interfaces onto an engineered mesoporous silica sphere (MSS), giving rise to Cu 0 -ZnO-ZrO 2 /MSS (CZZ-MSS) with confined binary Cu 0 -ZnO/Cu 0 -ZrO 2 and ternary interfaces that fostered methanol production under moderate conditions. By systematically investigating the CZZ-MSS performance. Besides, the strong metal-support interaction arising from interacting metallic Cu and metal oxides (ZnO and ZrO 2 ) within the confined, ultrasmall nanoparticles ( © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Zinc oxide

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Theoretical insights into the hydrophobicity of low index CeO2 surfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Fronzi, Marco N. Assadi, M. Hussein Hanaor, Dorian A.H. International Research Centre for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’anShaanxi710049 China 1-1 Namiki TsukubaIbaraki305-0044 Japan Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials Institute for Materials Science and Technology Technische Universität Berlin Berlin10653 Germany

The hydrophobicity of CeO2 surfaces is examined here. Since wettability measurements are extremely sensitive to experimental conditions, we propose a general approach to obtain contact angles between water and ceria surfaces of specified orientations based on density functional calculations. In particular, we analysed the low index surfaces of this oxide to establish their interactions with water. According to our calculations, the CeO2 (111) surface was the most hydrophobic with a contact angle of Θ = 112.53° followed by (100) with Θ = 93.91°. The CeO2 (110) surface was, on the other hand, mildly hydrophilic with Θ = 64.09°. By combining our calculations with an atomistic thermodynamic approach, we found that the O terminated (100) surface was unstable unless fully covered by molecularly adsorbed water. We also identified a strong attractive interaction between the hydrogen atoms in water molecules and surface oxygen, which gives rise to the hydrophilic behaviour of (110) surfaces. Interestingly, the adsorption of water molecules on the lower-energy (111) surface stabilises oxygen vacancies, which are expected to enhance the catalytic activity of this plane. The findings here shed light on the origin of the intrinsic wettability of rare earth oxides in general and CeO2 surfaces in particular and also explain why CeO2 (100) surface properties are so critically dependant on applied synthesis methods. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Density functional theory

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PREFACE: SPECIAL ISSUE FOR THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THERMAL-FLUID DYNAMICS (ISTFD2021)

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Heat Transfer Research 2022年第8期53卷 V-VI页

作者： Cheng, Lixin Bai, Bofeng Guo, Zhixiong School of Energy and Power Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China Department of Engineering and Mathematics Sheffield Hallam University SheffieldS1 1WB United Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers The State University of New Jersey PiscatawayNJ08854 United States

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