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AIP Conference Proceedings 2001年第1期557卷 478-482页

作者： L. D. Favro Xiaoyan Han Li Li Zhong Ouyang Gang Sun R. L. Thomas Austin Richards 1Department of Physics and Institute for Manufacturing Research Wayne State University Detroit Michigan 48202 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University Detroit Michigan 48202 3Indigo Systems Inc. Santa Barbara California 93111

Pulsed sonic/ultrasonic excitation, combined with infrared imaging, is used to image the presence of cracks in metals. The technique is rapid (50–280 ms) and is sensitive to both surface-breaking and subsurface cracks.

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Noninvasive Brain–Machine Interfaces for Robotic Devices

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Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems 1000年第1期4卷 191-214页

作者： Luca Tonin José del R. Millán 1Intelligent Autonomous Systems Laboratory Department of Information Engineering Università degli Studi di Padova 35122 Padova Italy email: luca.tonin@dei.unipd.it 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Neurology The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA email: jose.millan@austin.utexas.edu

The last decade has seen a flowering of applications driven by brain–machine interfaces (BMIs), particularly brain-actuated robotic devices designed to restore the independence of people suffering from severe motor disabilities. This review provides an overview of the state of the art of noninvasive BMI-driven devices based on 86 studies published in the last 15 years, with an emphasis on the interactions among the user, the BMI system, and the robot. We found that BMIs are used mostly to drive devices for navigation (e.g., telepresence mobile robots), with BMI paradigms based mainly on exogenous stimulation, and the majority of brain-actuated robots adopt a discrete control strategy. Most critically, in only a few works have disabled people evaluated a brain-actuated robot. The review highlights the most urgent challenges in the field, from the integration between BMI and robotics to the need for a user-centered design to boost the translational impact of BMIs.

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Investigation and complexity analysis of a spatial audio codec based on a programmable media-processor

Investigation and complexity analysis of a spatial audio cod...

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)

作者： Chia-Hao Chang Jin-Hau Kuo Chi-Hao Wu Ja-Lin Wu The Communications and Multimedia Laboratory 'Graduated Institute of Networking and Multimedia National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan The Communications and Multimedia Laboratory 2Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

This paper presents a complexity analysis of a spatial audio coding scheme (known as MPEG surrounding) based on a commercially available programmable device. The analysis mainly focuses on the complexity of spatial audio cue analysis and synthesis, especially for the additional special tools used during the spatial cue synthesis stage. The analysis results can be a reference during building up a SAC codec on a DSP

关键词： Codecs Audio coding Multimedia systems Proposals High definition video Streaming media Motion pictures Digital audio players Multimedia communication Laboratories

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Haptics: The Present and Future of Artificial Touch Sensation

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Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems 1000年第1期1卷 385-409页

作者： Heather Culbertson Samuel B. Schorr Allison M. Okamura 2Department of Computer Science University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90089 USA email: hculbert@usc.edu 1Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA email: sschorr@alumni.stanford.edu aokamura@stanford.edu

This article reviews the technology behind creating artificial touch sensations and the relevant aspects of human touch. We focus on the design and control of haptic devices and discuss the best practices for generating distinct and effective touch sensations. Artificial haptic sensations can present information to users, help them complete a task, augment or replace the other senses, and add immersiveness and realism to virtual interactions. We examine these applications in the context of different haptic feedback modalities and the forms that haptic devices can take. We discuss the prior work, limitations, and design considerations of each feedback modality and individual haptic technology. We also address the need to consider the neuroscience and perception behind the human sense of touch in the design and control of haptic devices.

关键词： haptics kinesthesia tactile vibration virtual reality teleoperation

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A MEMS‐Based Micro Biopsy Actuator for the Capsular Endoscope Using LiGA Process

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2007年第1期879卷 1443-1446页

作者： Sunkil Park Kyo‐in Koo Gil‐sub Kim Seoung Min Bang Si Young Song Chong Nam Chu Doyoung Jeon Dongil “Dan” Cho 1School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science ASRI NBSRC ISRC NAVRC Seoul National University Korea 2Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine Korea 3School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea 4Department of Mechanical Engineering Sogang University Seoul Korea

This paper presents a LiGA (German acronym for LIthografie, Galvanoformung, Abformung) based micro biopsy actuator for the capsular endoscope. The proposed fabricated actuator aims to extract sample tissues inside small gastric intestines, that cannot be reached by conventional biopsy. The actuator size is 10 mm in diameter and 1.8 mm in length. The mechanism is of a slider‐crank type. The actuator consists of trigger, rotational module, and micro biopsy tool. The core components are fabricated using the LiGA process, for overcoming the limitations in accuracy of conventional precision machining.

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Multispecies Coalescent: Theory and Applications in Phylogenetics

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Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 1000年第1期52卷 247-268页

作者： Siavash Mirarab Luay Nakhleh Tandy Warnow 1Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA email: smirarab@ucsd.edu 2Department of Computer Science Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA email: nakhleh@rice.edu 3Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA email: warnow@illinois.edu

Species tree estimation is a basic part of many biological research projects, ranging from answering basic evolutionary questions (e.g., how did a group of species adapt to their environments?) to addressing questions in functional biology. Yet, species tree estimation is very challenging, due to processes such as incomplete lineage sorting, gene duplication and loss, horizontal gene transfer, and hybridization, which can make gene trees differ from each other and from the overall evolutionary history of the species. Over the last 10–20 years, there has been tremendous growth in methods and mathematical theory for estimating species trees and phylogenetic networks, and some of these methods are now in wide use. In this survey, we provide an overview of the current state of the art, identify the limitations of existing methods and theory, and propose additional research problems and directions.

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GaSb and Ga1−xInxSb Thermophotovoltaic Cells using Diffused Junction Technology in Bulk Substrates

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2003年第1期653卷 392-401页

作者： P. S. Dutta J. M. Borrego H. Ehsani G. Rajagopalan I. B. Bhat R. J. Gutmann G. Nichols P. F. Baldasaro 1Center for Integrated Electronics and Electronics Manufacturing Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY ‐ 12180 2Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY ‐ 12180 3Lockheed‐Martin Inc. Schenectady NY ‐ 12301

This paper presents results of experimental and theoretical research on antimonide‐ based thermophotovoltaic (TPV) materials and cells. The topics discussed include: growth of large diameter ternary GaInSb bulk crystals, substrate preparation, diffused junction processes, cell fabrication and characterization, and, cell modeling. Ternary GaInSb boules up to 2 inches in diameter have been grown using the vertical Bridgman technique with a novel self solute feeding technique. A single step diffusion process followed by precise etching of the diffused layer has been developed to obtain a diffusion profile appropriate for high efficiency, p‐n junction GaSb and GaInSb thermophotovoltaic cells. The optimum junction depth to obtain the highest quantum efficiency and open circuit voltage has been identified based on diffusion lengths (or minority carrier lifetimes), carrier mobility and experimental diffused impurity profiles. Theoretical assessment of the performance of ternary (GaInSb) and binary (GaSb) cells fabricated by Zn diffusion in bulk substrates has been performed using PC‐1D one‐dimensional computer simulations. Several factors affecting the cell performances such as the effects of emitter doping profile, emitter thickness and recombination mechanisms (Auger, radiative and Shockley‐Read‐Hall), the advantages of surface passivation and the impact of dark current due to the metallic grid will be discussed. The conditions needed for diffused junction cells on ternary and binary substrates to achieve similar performance to the epitaxially grown lattice‐ matched quaternary cells are identified.

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Machine Learning for Sustainable Energy Systems

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Environment and Resources 1000年第1期46卷 719-747页

作者： Priya L. Donti J. Zico Kolter 2Department of Engineering and Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 USA 1Computer Science Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 USA email: pdonti@cs.cmu.edu 3Bosch Center for Artificial Intelligence Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15222 USA

In recent years, machine learning has proven to be a powerful tool for deriving insights from data. In this review, we describe ways in which machine learning has been leveraged to facilitate the development and operation of sustainable energy systems. We first provide a taxonomy of machine learning paradigms and techniques, along with a discussion of their strengths and limitations. We then provide an overview of existing research using machine learning for sustainable energy production, delivery, and storage. Finally, we identify gaps in this literature, propose future research directions, and discuss important considerations for deployment.

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Fusion of Microwave and Eddy Current Data for a Multi‐Modal Approach in Evaluating Corrosion Under Paint and in Lap Joints

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2007年第1期894卷 611-618页

作者： K. Gupta M. T. Ghasr S. Kharkovsky R. Zoughi R. J. Stanley A. Padwal M. O’Keefe D. Palmer J. Blackshire G. Steffes N. Wood 1Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Missouri‐Rolla Rolla MO 65409 2Department of Material Science and Engineering University of Missouri‐Rolla Rolla MO 65409 3The Boeing Company Boeing Phantom Works St. Louis MO 63166 4Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Wright Patterson OH 45433

Critical aircraft structures are susceptible to hidden corrosion. Find‐it and fix‐it approaches are inefficient as it relates to managing the problems associated with corrosion. More comprehensive corrosion information may be obtained using data fusion from several detection and evaluation methods. To this end, microwave, conventional and pulsed eddy current data from a multi‐layer corroded panel, representing an aircraft lap joint, are fused and used as inputs to a structural analysis model to obtain a comprehensive snapshot of the corroded environment. This paper presents the data fusion algorithm and the structural analysis model along with a discussion of the results.

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Genomic Data Compression

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Biomedical Data Science 1000年第1期2卷 19-37页

作者： Mikel Hernaez Dmitri Pavlichin Tsachy Weissman Idoia Ochoa 1Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA email: mhernaez@illinois.edu 2Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA 3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA

Recently, there has been growing interest in genome sequencing, driven by advances in sequencing technology, in terms of both efficiency and affordability. These developments have allowed many to envision whole-genome sequencing as an invaluable tool for both personalized medical care and public health. As a result, increasingly large and ubiquitous genomic data sets are being generated. This poses a significant challenge for the storage and transmission of these data. Already, it is more expensive to store genomic data for a decade than it is to obtain the data in the first place. This situation calls for efficient representations of genomic information. In this review, we emphasize the need for designing specialized compressors tailored to genomic data and describe the main solutions already proposed. We also give general guidelines for storing these data and conclude with our thoughts on the future of genomic formats and compressors.

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