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17th Australasian Database Conference, ADC 2006

作者： Bezdek, James C. Hathaway, Richard J. Leckie, Christopher Kotagiri, Ramamohanarao Department of Computer Science University of West Florida Pensacola FL 32514 United States 2Department of Mathematical Sciences Georgia Southern University Statesboro GA 30460 United States Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia

In this paper we discuss eNERF, an extended version of non-Euclidean relational fuzzy c-means (NERFCM) for approximate clustering in very large (unloadable) relational data. The eNERF procedure consists of four parts: (i) selection of distinguished features by algorithm DF to be monitored during progressive sampling;(ii) progressively sampling a square N×N relation matrix RN by algorithm PS until an n×n sample relation Rn passes a goodness of fit test;(iii) Clustering Rn using algorithm LNERF;and (iv), extension of the LNERF results to RN-Rn by algorithm xNERF, which uses an iterative procedure based on LNERF to compute fuzzy membership values for all of the objects remaining after LNERF clustering of the accepted sample. Three of the four algorithms are new - only LNERF (called NERFCM in the original literature) precedes this article. © 2006, Australian computer Society, Inc.

关键词： Cluster analysis

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An Economic Phase-Mdulation to Intensity-Modulation Converter

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Journal of computer and Communications 2013年第7期1卷 32-35页

作者： Ching-Hung Chang Jui-Hsuan Chang Yin-Liang Liao Meng Chun Tseng Department of Electrical Engineering National Chiayi University 2Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chiayi University.

A novel phase-modulation to intensity-modulation (PM-to-IM) converter is proposed and experimentally demonstrated basing on a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). Comparing with the published schemes, in which the employed DI, FBG, OBPF or dispersion devices can only process a certain phase-modulated RF signal, the proposed scheme can achieve the conversion process in an economic and resourceful manner. To be the first one of achieving such PM-to-IM conversion process by a VCSEL, the feasibility of the proposal is experimentally demonstrated with an open eye diagram when it is employed to convert phase-modulated RF signal.

关键词： Long-Reach PON Phase Modulation Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser

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Microwave Resonant Transfer Plasma Propulsion

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2004年第1期699卷 553-566页

作者： Anthony J. Marchese Peter M. Jansson John L. Schmalzel 1Department of Mechanical Engineering Rowan University Glassboro NJ 08028 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rowan University Glassboro NJ 08028

During the past decade, several research groups have begun to report unique spectroscopic results for mixed gas plasma systems in which one of the species present is hydrogen gas. In these experiments, researchers have reported excessive line broadening of H emission lines and peculiar non‐Boltzmann population of excited hydrogen states. The hydrogen line broadening in these studies has been attributed to Doppler broadening associated with anomalously high random translational velocity of H atoms (i.e. fast hydrogen). The spectroscopic data suggest the presence of a newly identified regime of energetic mixed gas hydrogen plasma systems, called resonant transfer (RT) plasmas. The data also suggest that these RT plasma systems have unique characteristics that warrant further exploration for propulsion applications. Preliminary calculations suggest that a microwave RT plasma thruster could achieve performance several orders of magnitude greater than chemical rocket propulsion. Accordingly, the NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts (NIAC) has funded a study aimed at assessing the potential of RT plasmas for propulsion applications. This paper will discuss the results of the NIAC Phase I study including spectroscopic characterization of the RT plasma, development of RT plasma thruster hardware and preliminary test firing of two separate RT plasma thrusters.

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Thermodynamic characterization of a diamond-based electron emitter

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2000年第1期504卷 1313-1318页

作者： T. S. Fisher A. M. Strauss J. L. Davidson W. P. Kang 1Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235

This paper contains a thermodynamic analysis of electron emission from a micro-fabricated diamond tip array. The analysis is based on experimental measurements of the current-voltage characteristics of an actual device. Field enhancement, applied field, and electrical current density are shown to influence thermodynamic performance. The idealized thermodynamic analysis predicts cooling rates above 10 W/cm2 for an existing device under room temperature operation and that 100 W/cm2 may be possible for future devices.

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Face Recognition by Humans and Machines: Three Fundamental Advances from Deep Learning

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Vision Science 1000年第1期7卷 543-570页

作者： Alice J. O'Toole Carlos D. Castillo 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland 21218 USA email: carlosdc@jhu.edu

Deep learning models currently achieve human levels of performance on real-world face recognition tasks. We review scientific progress in understanding human face processing using computational approaches based on deep learning. This review is organized around three fundamental advances. First, deep networks trained for face identification generate a representation that retains structured information about the face (e.g., identity, demographics, appearance, social traits, expression) and the input image (e.g., viewpoint, illumination). This forces us to rethink the universe of possible solutions to the problem of inverse optics in vision. Second, deep learning models indicate that high-level visual representations of faces cannot be understood in terms of interpretable features. This has implications for understanding neural tuning and population coding in the high-level visual cortex. Third, learning in deep networks is a multistep process that forces theoretical consideration of diverse categories of learning that can overlap, accumulate over time, and interact. Diverse learning types are needed to model the development of human face processing skills, cross-race effects, and familiarity with individual faces.

关键词： face recognition deep convolutional networks human learning machine learning facial features cross-race effects face space

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Ultrasonic imaging of defects in concrete pipelines

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2002年第1期615卷 1254-1260页

作者： Michael Ciocco Jeremy Neyhart Shreekanth Mandayam Kauser Jahan Douglas B. Cleary 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rowan University Glassboro New Jersey 08028 2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rowan University Glassboro New Jersey 08028

This paper describes the first stage of a research project to develop an automated vehicle for inspecting the structural integrity of concrete sewer pipelines. We have developed an innovative interrogation and signal processing algorithm for detecting and sizing defects in concrete media, irrespective of the composition of the concrete—a crucial factor for realizing an in-line inspection process for concrete pipes. We have simulated concrete pipeline inspection by fabricating concrete specimens of diverse compositions embedded with rectangular defects of varying depths immersed in synthetic wastewater of varying density. We present ultrasonic C-scans and their corresponding defect characterization profiles.

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Nanoscale Characterization of Metal/Semiconductor Nanocontacts

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2005年第1期788卷 280-284页

作者： C. Tivarus K.‐B. Park M. K. Hudait S. A. Ringel J. P. Pelz 1Department of Physics The Ohio State University Columbus OH 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus OH

Ballistic Electron Emission Microscopy (BEEM) and finite‐element electrostatic modeling were used to quantify how “small‐size” effects modify the energy barrier at metal/semiconductor nanostructure nanocontacts, formed by making Schottky contacts to cleaved edges of GaAs quantum wells (QWs). The Schottky barrier height over the QWs was found to systematically increase with decreasing QW width, by up to ∼140 meV for a 1nm QW. This is mostly due to a large quantum‐confinement increase (∼200 meV for a 1nm QW), modified by smaller decreases due to “environmental” electric field effects. Our modeling gives excellent quantitative agreement with measurements for a wide range of QW widths when both quantum confinement and environmental electric fields are considered.

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Test Cell for a Novel Planar MEMS Loop Heat Pipe Based on Coherent Porous Silicon

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2003年第1期654卷 227-238页

作者： Debra Cytrynowicz Mohammed Hamdan Praveen Medis H. Thurman Henderson Frank M. Gerner 1Center for Microelectronic Sensors and MEMS Department of Electrical Computer Engineering and Computer Science University of CincinnatiCincinnati Ohio 45221 2Department of Mechanical Industrial and Nuclear Engineering University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221 ‐ 0030

Work towards the development of an innovative, potentially high power density, MEMS loop heat pipe is in progress at the Center for Microelectronic Sensors and M E M S at the University of Cincinnati. The design of the loop heat pipe is based upon the very unique coherent porous silicon technology, a technique in which vast arrays of micrometer ‐ sized through ‐ holes are photo ‐ electrochemically etched into a silicon wafer perpendicular to the (100) surface. The initial mathematical model, the design, fabrication and characterization of the device in the open loop configuration were previously reported at this conference, STAIF 2002. This paper begins with a very brief explanation of the device and its theory of operation. The design of the device components and their production utilizing the various techniques of microelectronic and microelectromechanical fabrication are presented. The modifications made to the photon ‐ induced, electrochemical etch process, which significantly increase the etch rate of the pores, are explained. Attention is given to the mathematical model of the planar, MEMS, loop heat pipe with respect to the generation of the dimensions of the components through a summary of the recent advances. The emphasis of this paper is upon the design, construction and the characterization of the evacuated closed loop test cell structure.

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Electromigration failures under bidirectional current stress

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AIP Conference Proceedings 1998年第1期418卷 201-211页

作者： Jiang Tao Nathan W. Cheung Chenming Hu 1Advanced Micro Devices Sunnyvale California 94088 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California at Berkeley California 94720

Electromigration failure under DC stress has been studied for more than 30 years, and the methodologies for accelerated DC testing and design rules have been well established in the IC industry. However, the electromigration behavior and design rules under time-varying current stress are still unclear. In CMOS circuits, as many interconnects carry pulsed-DC (local VCC and VSS lines) and bidirectional AC current (clock and signal lines), it is essential to assess the reliability of metallization systems under these conditions. Failure mechanisms of different metallization systems (Al-Si, Al-Cu, Cu, TiN/Al-alloy/TiN, etc.) and different metallization structures (via, plug and interconnect) under AC current stress in a wide frequency range (from mHz to 500 MHz) has been study in this paper. Based on these experimental results, a damage healing model is developed, and electromigration design rules are proposed. It shows that in the circuit operating frequency range, the “design-rule current” is the time-average current. The pure AC component of the current only contributes to self-heating, while the average (DC component) current contributes to electromigration. To ensure longer thermal-migration lifetime under high frequency AC stress, an additional design rule is proposed to limit the temperature rise due to self-joule heating.

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Novel Distributed Cable Sensors for Detection of Cracks in RC Structures

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2006年第1期820卷 1343-1350页

作者： G. D. Chen D. Pommerenke 1Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering University of Missouri‐Rolla Rolla MO 65401 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri‐Rolla Rolla MO 65401

In this paper, the development of a fundamentally new, topology‐based cable sensor design concept is summarized for crack detection in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The sensitivity, spatial resolution, and signal loss of sensors are investigated both numerically and experimentally. Two sensors were fabricated and validated with small‐ and large‐scale laboratory tests under different loads. Both were proven sensitive to crack of various sizes from visually undetectable to excessive, giving the location and severity of damage simultaneously. One sensor has been installed on a three‐span bridge for its long‐term monitoring. It is capable of recording damage that has occurred during a recent event.

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