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Suppression of boron penetration for p+ polysilicon gate electrodes by ultra-thin RPECVD nitride films in composite oxide-nitride dielectrics

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AIP Conference Proceedings 1998年第1期449卷 288-291页

作者： Yider Wu Gerald Lucovsky 1Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695-7911 2Department of Physics North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695-7911

Ultra-thin (0.4∼0.8 nm) silicon nitride films were deposited by RPECVD (Remote Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) onto thin oxides for the p+-polysilicon gated PMOS devices. Boron penetration is suppressed when the top nitride layer thickness increased to at least 0.8 nm. Suppression of boron diffusion is monitored by flat band voltage shifts as well as polysilicon depletion. Compared to oxides, improved charge to breakdown (Qbd) is obtained for nitride/oxide dual layers, while interface state density remains at a level of 3×1010 eV−1 cm−2.

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A Novel Rotating Magnetic Field Eddy Current Transducer for the Examination of Fuel Channels in PHWR Nuclear Power Plants

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2005年第1期760卷 471-478页

作者： R. Grimberg L. Udpa S. Udpa A. Savin 1Nondestructive Testing Department National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics 47 D. Mangeron Blvd. lasi 700050Romania 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State University 2120 Engineering Building East Lansing MI 48824‐1226

For the control of fuel channels of PHWR CANDU type, a novel type of rotating magnetic field eddy current transducer was developed, as well as the afferent electronic equipment. So, the position and the tilt of garter springs using neuro‐fuzzy network could be determined, and the presence of the discontinuities on external and internal surface of the tubes can be emphasized. A numerical code for the solving of the forward problem was developed.

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Stochastic Dynamical Modeling of Turbulent Flows

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Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems 1000年第1期3卷 195-219页

作者： A. Zare T.T. Georgiou M.R. Jovanović 1Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Dallas Richardson Texas 75080 USA 2Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Irvine California 92697 USA 3Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90089 USA email: mihailo@usc.edu

Advanced measurement techniques and high-performance computing have made large data sets available for a range of turbulent flows in engineering applications. Drawing on this abundance of data, dynamical models that reproduce structural and statistical features of turbulent flows enable effective model-based flow control strategies. This review describes a framework for completing second-order statistics of turbulent flows using models based on the Navier–Stokes equations linearized around the turbulent mean velocity. Dynamical couplings between states of the linearized model dictate structural constraints on the statistics of flow fluctuations. Colored-in-time stochastic forcing that drives the linearized model is then sought to account for and reconcile dynamics with available data (that is, partially known statistics). The number of dynamical degrees of freedom that are directly affected by stochastic excitation is minimized as a measure of model parsimony. The spectral content of the resulting colored-in-time stochastic contribution can alternatively arise from a low-rank structural perturbation of the linearized dynamical generator, pointing to suitable dynamical corrections that may account for the absence of the nonlinear interactions in the linearized model.

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Estimation of Fatigue Damage for an Austenitic Stainless Steel (SUS304) Using Magnetic Methods

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2007年第1期894卷 1290-1297页

作者： M. Oka T. Yakushiji Y. Tsuchida M. Enokizono 1Department of Computer and Control Engineering Oita National College of Technology 1666 Maki Oita 870‐0152 Japan 2Department of Mechanical Engineering Oita National College of Technology 1666 Maki Oita 870‐0152 Japan 3Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering Oita University 700 Dannoharu Oita 870‐1192 Japan

There are some fatigue damage estimation methods of the austenitic stainless steel that uses the martensitic transformation. For instance, they are the remanent magnetization method, the excitation method, and so on. Those two methods are being researched also in our laboratory now. In the remanent magnetization method, it is well known that the relation between fatigue damage and the remanent magnetization is simple, clear, and reproducible. However, this method has the disadvantage to need a special magnetizer. This method cannot be easily used on the site such as the factory. On the other hand, because the special magnetizer is unnecessary, the excitation method can use easily on the site. The output signal of this method is small. In this paper, two fatigue evaluation methods such as the remanent magnetization method and the excitation method are introduced. In addition, we report on the result of comparing the fatigue evaluation performances of two methods.

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The Role of Physics-Based Simulators in Robotics

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Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems 1000年第1期4卷 35-58页

作者： C. Karen Liu Dan Negrut 1Department of Computer Science Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA email: karenliu@cs.stanford.edu 2Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Wisconsin–Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA email: negrut@wisc.edu

Physics-based simulation provides an accelerated and safe avenue for developing, verifying, and testing robotic control algorithms and prototype designs. In the quest to leverage machine learning for developing AI-enabled robots, physics-based simulation can generate a wealth of labeled training data in a short amount of time. Physics-based simulation also creates an ideal proving ground for developing intelligent robots that can both learn from their mistakes and be verifiable. This article provides an overview of the use of simulation in robotics, emphasizing how robots (with sensing and actuation components), the environment they operate in, and the humans they interact with are simulated in practice. It concludes with an overview of existing tools for simulation in robotics and a short discussion of aspects that limit the role that simulation plays today in intelligent robot design.

关键词： robot simulation testing through simulation virtual prototyping of robots

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Evaluation of plane bending fatigue damage in metallic plates using the thin-film flux-gate magnetic sensor

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2002年第1期615卷 1553-1560页

作者： M. Oka T. Yakushiji Y. Tsuchida M. Enokizono 1Department of Computer and Control Engineering Oita National College of Technology 1666 Maki Oita 870-0152 Japan 2Department of Mechanical Engineering Oita National College of Technology 1666 Maki Oita 870-0152 Japan 3Faculty of Engineering Oita University 700 Dannoharu Oita 870-1192 Japan

To estimate the amount of fatigue damage in metallic plates such as steel and stainless steel, we have investigated the relationship between the amount of plane bending fatigue damage and residual magnetization. The magnetic flux density in the Z component (Bz) at 1 mm above a specimen caused by residual magnetization is measured by using a thin-film flux-gate magnetic sensor. From the results of our experiment, the magnetic flux density has clear dependence on the increase of bending stress and the number of stress cycles in austenitic stainless steel. The distribution of Bz on steel plates is changed by the amount of plane bending fatigue damage. But, the relationship between the change of Bz and the number of stress cycles is not clear in the case of steel plates. In this paper, the relationship between the amount of plane bending fatigue damage and residual magnetization in metallic plates is discussed.

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A New On-Line/Off-Line Adaptive Antenna Array Beamformer for Tracking the Mobile Targets

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2011年第5期4卷 304-312页

作者： Shahriar Shirvani Moghaddam Mahyar Shirvani Moghaddam 1Digital communications signal Processing Research Lab. Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University (SRTTU) Tehran Iran 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Advanced Communication Research Institute Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran

An adaptive antenna array system adjusts the main lobe of radiation pattern in the direction of desired signal and points the nulls in the direction of undesired signals or interferers. The essential goal of beamforming is to reduce the complexity of weighting process and to decrease the time needed for adjusting the antenna radiation pattern. In this article a new adaptive weighting algorithm is proposed for both least mean squares (LMS) and constant modulus (CM) algorithms. It is appropriate and applicable for antenna array systems with moving targets and also mobile applications as well as sensor networks. By predicting the relative velocity of source, the next location of the source will be estimated and the array weights will be determined using LMS or CM algorithm before arriving to the new point. For the next time associated to the new sampling point, evaluated weights will be used. Furthermore, by updating these weights between two consecutive times the effects of error propagation will be eliminated. Therefore, in addition to reduction in computational complexity at the time of weight allocation, relatively accurate weight allocation can be obtained. Simulation results of this investigation show that the angular error related to both LMS-based and CM-based algorithms is less than the conventional LMS and CM algorithms at different signal to noise ratios (SNRs). On the other hand, due to considering off-line process, online computational complexity of new algorithms is slightly low with respect to previous ones.

关键词： Beamforming Adaptive Antenna Array LMS CM Training-Based Blind

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Control of the Stefan System and Applications: A Tutorial

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Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems 1000年第1期5卷 547-577页

作者： Shumon Koga Miroslav Krstic 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA email: skoga@ucsd.edu 2Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA email: krstic@ucsd.edu

The so-called Stefan system describes the dynamical model of the liquid–solid phase change in materials ranging from water and ice in the polar caps to metal casting and additive manufacturing (3D printing). The mathematical structure is given by a partial differential equation (PDE) with a moving boundary governed by a scalar ordinary differential equation. Because of the system's moving-boundary nature, control of the Stefan model is unconventional even within the class of otherwise challenging PDE control problems. The second decade of the twenty-first century has witnessed remarkable advances in control design for the Stefan system. Such advances carry significant potential in several areas of technology. In this article, we briefly review the principal literature on control of the Stefan model, along with the associated basics of the PDE analysis of the model and select applications. Principal ideas from our work on control design, stability analysis, and the maintenance of physical phase constraints are given sufficient attention and tutorial treatment so that the article can serve as a self-contained point of entry into the growing subject of boundary control of the Stefan system using the method of PDE backstepping.

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Development of the Non‐Destructive Evaluation System Using an Eddy Current Probe for Detection of Fatigue Damage in a Stainless Steel

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2006年第1期820卷 323-329页

作者： M. Oka T. Yakushiji Y. Tsuchida M. Enokizono 1Department of Computer and Control Engineering Oita National College of Technology 1666 Maki Oita 870‐0152 Japan 2Department of Mechanical Engineering Oita National College of Technology 1666 Maki Oita 870‐0152 Japan 3Faculty of Engineering Oita University 700 Dannoharu Oita 870‐1192 Japan

The non‐destructive evaluation system which is developed using an eddy current probe to evaluate fatigue damage in an austenitic stainless steel is reported in this paper. This probe is composed of the ferrite core and two pick‐up coils connected differentially. The eddy current induced by the excitation coil is disarranged by nonuniform distribution of electromagnetic characteristics due to fatigue damage. The structural function of the eddy current probe proposed, enable to detect the eddy current disarrangement by fatigue damage. This probe detects the change of electromagnetic characteristics in the direction of X. In this paper, SUS304, a austenitic stainless steel was used as the sample. The experimental results show that the output voltage of the probe clearly depends on the number of stress cycles.

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Distributed Optimization for Control

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Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems 1000年第1期1卷 77-103页

作者： Angelia Nedić Ji Liu 1School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA email: angelia.nedich@asu.edu 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA email: ji.liu@stonybrook.edu

Advances in wired and wireless technology have necessitated the development of theory, models, and tools to cope with the new challenges posed by large-scale control and optimization problems over networks. The classical optimization methodology works under the premise that all problem data are available to a central entity (a computing agent or node). However, this premise does not apply to large networked systems, where each agent (node) in the network typically has access only to its private local information and has only a local view of the network structure. This review surveys the development of such distributed computational models for time-varying networks. To emphasize the role of the network structure in these approaches, we focus on a simple direct primal (sub)gradient method, but we also provide an overview of other distributed methods for optimization in networks. Applications of the distributed optimization framework to the control of power systems, least squares solutions to linear equations, and model predictive control are also presented.

关键词： distributed optimization multi-agent systems agent networks

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