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Enhancing Septic Shock Detection through Interpretable Machine Learning

computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第12期141卷 2501-2525页

作者： Md Mahfuzur Rahman Md Solaiman Chowdhury Mohammad Shorfuzzaman Lutful Karim Md Shafiullah Farag Azzedin Department of Information and Computer Science King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North South UniversityDhaka1229Bangladesh Department of Computer Science Taif UniversityTaif21974Saudi Arabia College of Applied Arts and Technology Seneca PolytechnicTorontoM2J 2X5Canada Department of Control&Instrumentation Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

This article presents an innovative approach that leverages interpretable machine learning models and cloud computing to accelerate the detection of septic shock by analyzing electronic health *** traditional methods,which often lack transparency in decision-making,our approach focuses on early detection,offering a proactive strategy to mitigate the risks of *** integrating advanced machine learning algorithms with interpretability techniques,our method not only provides accurate predictions but also offers clear insights into the factors influencing the model’s ***,we introduce a preference-based matching algorithm to evaluate disease severity,enabling timely interventions guided by the analysis *** innovative integration significantly enhances the effectiveness of our *** leverage a clinical health dataset comprising 1,552,210 Electronic Health Records(EHR)to train our interpretable machine learning models within a cloud computing *** techniques like feature importance analysis and model-agnostic interpretability tools,we aim to clarify the crucial indicators contributing to septic shock *** transparency not only assists healthcare professionals in comprehending the model’s predictions but also facilitates the integration of our system into existing clinical *** validate the effectiveness of our interpretable models using the same dataset,achieving an impressive accuracy rate exceeding 98%through the application of oversampling *** findings of this study hold significant implications for the advancement of more effective and transparent diagnostic tools in the critical domain of sepsis management.

关键词： Sepsis prediction machine learning cloud computing

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Vision-based fingerspelling recognition for an assistive technology system

Vision-based fingerspelling recognition for an assistive tec...

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2023 International Conference on Industry Sciences and computer Science Innovation, iSCSi 2023

作者： Kapuscinski, Tomasz Majcher, Marcel Department of Computer and Control Engineering Rzeszow University of Technology W. Pola 2 Rzeszow35-959 Poland

In this paper, a vision-based method for fingerspelled acronyms recognition is proposed. First, the visual information carried by the image is reduced to the person's edges. The heterogeneous and changing background is removed by semantic segmentation of the person using a pre-trained R-CNN Mask. Then, the feature vector is generated by the encoder - part of the autoencoder, previously trained in an unsupervised manner. Finally, the sequence of feature vectors obtained in this way is fed into the input of the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network used for classification. The method is tested on a demanding dataset, including the execution of acronyms fingerspelled by Deaf people who use sign language on a daily basis. Promising results suggest that the method can be incorporated into the Signed Communication System developed by the research team. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Signed expressions spotting and recognition in an assistive technology system

Signed expressions spotting and recognition in an assistive ...

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2023 International Conference on ENTERprise Information Systems, CENTERIS 2023 - International Conference on Project MANagement, ProjMAN 2023 - International Conference on Health and Social Care Information Systems and Technologies, HCist 2023

作者： Kapuscinski, Tomasz Department of Computer and Control Engineering Rzeszow University of Technology W. Pola 2 Rzeszow35-959 Poland

An algorithm for processing the continuous stream of incoming video data to detect and recognize signed expressions is proposed. The aim is to improve an assistive technology system. The method is based on the dynamic flow of expression models between a repository of inactive models and pools of active and completed models. When modeling signed expressions, so-called visemes are used. These are units smaller than words - the equivalent of phonemes known from speech recognition. Visemes are extracted by clustering descriptors of the holistic skeletons. The sequential-simultaneous nature of gestures is considered, and the modeling is carried out in four parallel channels related to the position and shape of both hands. The conditions for activation, deactivation, and recognition of the model as completed are formulated, assuming asynchronous changes in individual channels. The method is successfully tested on a demanding dataset recorded by potential users. © 2024 The Author(s).

关键词： Human computer interaction

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Consistent Counterfactual Explanations via Anomaly control and Data Coherence

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第4期6卷 794-804页

作者： Movin, Maria Siciliano, Federico Ferreira, Rui Silvestri, Fabrizio Tolomei, Gabriele Spotify StockholmSE-111 Sweden Sapienza University of Rome Department of Computer Control and Management Engineering Rome00185 Italy Spotify LondonWC2N 6AT United Kingdom Sapienza University of Rome Department of Computer Science Rome00161 Italy

Algorithmic recourses are popular methods to provide individuals impacted by machine learning models with recommendations on feasible actions for a more favorable prediction. Most of the previous algorithmic recourse methods work under the assumption that the predictive model does not change over time. However, in reality, models in deployment may both be periodically retrained and have their architecture changed. Therefore, it is desirable that the recourse should remain valid when such a model update occurs, unless new evidence arises. We call this feature consistency. This article presents anomaly control and data coherence (ACDC), a novel model-agnostic recourse method that generates counterfactual explanations, i.e., instance-level recourses. ACDC is inspired by anomaly detection methods and uses a one-class classifier to aid the search for valid, consistent, and feasible counterfactual explanations. The one-class classifier asserts that the generated counterfactual explanations lie on the data manifold and are not outliers of the target class. We compare ACDC against several state-of-the-art recourse methods across four datasets. Our experiments show that ACDC outperforms baselines both in generating consistent counterfactual explanations, and in generating feasible and plausible counterfactual explanations, while still having proximity measures similar to the baseline methods targeting the data manifold. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Machine learning

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Deployment of Polar Codes for Mission-Critical Machine-Type Communication Over Wireless Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 573-592页

作者： Najib Ahmed Mohammed Ali Mohammed Mansoor Rodina Binti Ahmad Saaidal Razalli Bin Azzuhri Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of Malaya50603Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 2Department of Computer System&TechnologyFaculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of Malaya50603Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Mission critical Machine-type Communication(mcMTC),also referred to as Ultra-reliable Low Latency Communication(URLLC),has become a research *** is primarily characterized by communication that provides ultra-high reliability and very low latency to concurrently transmit short commands to a massive number of connected *** the reduction in physical(PHY)layer overhead and improvement in channel coding techniques are pivotal in reducing latency and improving reliability,the current wireless standards dedicated to support mcMTC rely heavily on adopting the bottom layers of general-purpose wireless standards and customizing only the upper *** mcMTC has a significant technical impact on the design of all layers of the communication protocol *** this paper,an innovative bottom-up approach has been proposed for mcMTC applications through PHY layer targeted at improving the transmission reliability by implementing ultra-reliable channel coding scheme in the PHY layer of IEEE 802.11a standard bearing in mind short packet transmission *** achieve this aim,we analyzed and compared the channel coding performance of convolutional codes(CCs),low-density parity-check(LDPC)codes,and polar codes in wireless network on the condition of short data packet *** Viterbi decoding algorithm(VA),logarithmic belief propagation(Log-BP)algorithm,and cyclic redundancy check(CRC)successive cancellation list(SCL)(CRC-SCL)decoding algorithm were adopted to CC,LDPC codes,and polar codes,***,a new PHY layer for mcMTC has been *** reliability of the proposed approach has been validated by simulation in terms of Bit error rate(BER)and packet error rate(PER)***-to-noise ratio(SNR).The simulation results demonstrate that the reliability of IEEE 802.11a standard has been significantly improved to be at PER=10−5 or even better with the implementation of polar *** results also show that the general-purpose wireless net

关键词： Machine-type communication mission-critical applications MTC URLLC M2M wireless networks polar codes

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Energy-Efficient Resource Optimization for Massive MIMO Networks Considering Network Load

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 871-888页

作者： Samira Mujkic Suad Kasapovic Mohammed Abuibaid Department of Telecommunications Faculty of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of TuzlaTuzla75000Bosnia Herzegovina 2Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and DesignCarleton UniversityOttawaK1S 5B6Canada

This paper investigates the resource optimization problem for a multi-cell massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)network in which each base station(BS)is equipped with a large number of antennas and each base station(BS)adapts the number of antennas to the daily load profile(DLP).This paper takes into consideration user location distribution(ULD)variation and evaluates its impact on the energy efficiency of load adaptive massive MIMO *** variation is modeled by dividing the cell into two coverage areas with different user densities:boundary focused(BF)and center focused(CF)*** cells are assumed identical in terms of BS configurations,cell loading,and ULD variation and each BS is modeled as an M/G/m/m state dependent queue that can serve a maximum number of users at the peak *** with energy efficiency(EE)we analyzed deployment and spectrum efficiency in our adaptive massive MIMO system by evaluating the impact of cell size,available bandwidth,output power level of the BS,and maximum output power of the power amplifier(PA)at different cell *** also analyzed average energy consumption on an hourly basis per BS for the model proposed for data traffic in Europe and also the model proposed for business,residential,street,and highway areas.

关键词： Massive MIMO traffic load energy efficiency user location distribution optimization

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Automated and controlled patch generation for enhanced fixing of communication software vulnerabilities

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2024年第3期5卷 222-236页

作者： Shuo Feng Shuai Yuan Zhitao Guan Xiaojiang Du School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 100029China Department of Finance Operationsand Information SystemsBrock UniversitySt.Catharines L2S3A1Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJ 07030USA

Software is a crucial component in the communication systems,and its security is of paramount ***,it is susceptible to different types of attacks due to potential ***,significant time and effort is required to fix such *** propose an automated program repair method based on controlled text generation ***,we utilize a fine-tuned language model for patch generation and introduce a discriminator to evaluate the generation process,selecting results that contribute most to vulnerability ***,we perform static syntax analysis to expedite the patch verification *** effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated using QuixBugs and Defects4J datasets,demonstrating significant improvements in generating correct patches compared to other existing methods.

关键词： automatic program repair controlled text generation communication software security program language model

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Minimizing Model Size of CNN-Based Vehicle Make Recognition for Frontal Vehicle Images

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 97409-97420页

作者： Wiput Puisamlee Rathachai Chawuthai 1Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand 2Department of Computer Engineering School of Engineering King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand

Vehicle Make Model Recognition (VMMR) is commonly used in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), free-flow image-based toll systems, and enforcement systems. These systems must analyze and process vehicle front images for use as evidence. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are widely used for image classification and VMMR problems. Complex model structures and more internal parameters are needed to improve classification accuracy with many classes. Issues included larger models and longer processing times. The goal of this work is to study and create a smaller CNN model that can be used on devices with limited resources, like embedded computers and embedded computer cameras, to figure out what kind of car it is from a front view picture. Real free-flow toll systems were used to train a CNN model that recognized vehicle makes with 99% accuracy. The model is smaller than VGG16, InceptionV3, Yolo11m-cls, and ResNet50 and has over 90% accuracy. It reduced parameters by 69.95% and developed the CTv1 model to achieve an F1 score 2.06% higher than InceptionV3, the best. The model was tested on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, processing images in 1 second and using 25 mWh. The compact version of the proposed model also adjusts the Padding and Stride of the Convolutional Layer and reduces the CNN model size using Depth-wise Separable Convolutional and $1\times 1$ Convolutional Dimension Reduction (Bottleneck) methods to test vehicle make recognition accuracy, training time, processing time, and model size.

关键词： Convolution Convolutional neural networks Computational modeling Accuracy Image recognition Filters Feature extraction Kernel Training Residual neural networks

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Predicting the cognitive function status in end-stage renal disease patients at a functional subnetwork scale

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Mathematical Biosciences and engineering 2024年第3期21卷 3838-3859页

作者： Lu, Yu Liu, Tongqiang Sheng, Quan Zhang, Yutao Shi, Haifeng Jiao, Zhuqing School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou213164 China Department of Nephrology The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou213003 China Department of Radiology The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou213003 China School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Changzhou University Changzhou213164 China

Brain functional networks derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provide a promising approach to understanding cognitive processes and predicting cognitive abilities. The topological attribute parameters of global networks are taken as the features from the overall perspective. It is constrained to comprehend the subtleties and variances of brain functional networks, which fell short of thoroughly examining the complex relationships and information transfer mechanisms among various regions. To address this issue, we proposed a framework to predict the cognitive function status in the patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) at a functional subnetwork scale (CFSFSS). The nodes from different network indicators were combined to form the functional subnetworks. The area under the curve (AUC) of the topological attribute parameters of functional subnetworks were extracted as features, which were selected by the minimal Redundancy Maximum Relevance (mRMR). The parameter combination with improved fitness was searched by the enhanced whale optimization algorithm (E-WOA), so as to optimize the parameters of support vector regression (SVR) and solve the global optimization problem of the predictive model. Experimental results indicated that CFSFSS achieved superior predictive performance compared to other methods, by which the mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and root mean square error (RMSE) were up to 0.5951, 0.0281 and 0.9994, respectively. The functional subnetwork effectively identified the active brain regions associated with the cognitive function status, which offered more precise features. It not only helps to more accurately predict the cognitive function status, but also provides more references for clinical decision-making and intervention of cognitive impairment in ESRD patients. © 2024 the Author(s).

关键词： Forecasting

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Signed expressions spotting and recognition in an assistive technology system

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Procedia computer Science 2024年 239卷 1141-1148页

作者： Tomasz Kapuscinski Department of Computer and Control Engineering Rzeszow University of Technology W. Pola 2 35-959 Rzeszow Poland

关键词： Assistive Technology Human-computer Interaction Sign Language Recognition computer Vision Pattern Recognition

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