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Additive nanomanufacturing of lab-on-a-chip fluorescent peptide nanoparticle arrays for Alzheimer＇s disease diagnosis

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2018年第3期1卷 182-194页

作者： Leming Sun Zhen Fan Tao Yues Jun Yin Jianzhong FU Mingjun Zhang Department of Biomedical Engineering College ofEngineering Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210USA School of Life Sciences Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Xi'an 710072 Shaanxi China Department of Polymeric Materials School of MaterialScience and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804 China Institute for Advanced Study TongjiUniversity Shanghai 200092 China School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical Engineering ZhejiangUniversity Hangzhou 310028 China Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310028 China Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute The OhioState University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH43210 USA Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program Ohio StateUniversity Columbus OH 43210 USA

This paper proposes an additive nanomanufacturing approach to fabricate a personalized lab-on-a-chip fluorescent peptide nanoparticles （f-PNPs） array for simultaneous multi-biomarker detection that can be used in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） diagnosis. We will discuss optimization techniques for the additive nanomanufacturing process in terms of reliability, yield and manufacturing efficiency. One contribution of this paper lies in utilization of additive nanomanufacturing techniques to fabricate a patient-specific customize-designed lab-on-a-chip device for personalized AD diagnosis, which remains a major challenge for biomedical engineering. Through the integrated bio-design and bio-manufacturing process, doctor＇s check- up and computer-aided customized design are integrated into the lab-on-a-chip array for patient-specific AD diagnosis. In addition, f-PNPs with targeting moieties for personalized AD biomarkers will be self-assembled onto the customized lab-on-a- chip through the additive nanomanufacturing process, which has not been done before. Another contribution of this research is the personalized lab-on-a-chip f-PNPs array for AD diagnosis utilizing limited human blood. Blood-based AD assessment has been described as ＂the holy grail＂ of early AD detection. This research created the computer-aided design, fabrication through additive nanomanufacturing, and validation of the f-PNPs array for AD diagnosis. This is a highly interdisciplinary research contributing to nanotechnology, biomaterials, and biomedical engineering for neurodegenerative disease. The conceptual work is preliminary with intent to introduce novel techniques to the application. Large-scale manufacturing based on the proposed framework requires extensive validation and optimization.

关键词： Nanomanufacturing Lab-on-a-chip Fluorescent peptide nanoparticle Alzheimer＇s disease Diagnosis

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Design and development of photonic-based non-invasive hemoglobin level detector

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2314卷

作者： Suryani Dyah Astuti Ikhsan Rino Wijaya Osmalina Nur Rahma Alfian Pramudita Putra Muhammad Fahmi Akif Rahmatillah Riries Rulaningtyas 1Biomedical Engineering Master Degree Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia 2Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia 3Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia

Hemoglobin is the protein molecule that binds oxygen in the blood. Hemoglobin level can be used as a benchmark of the human physiological condition, such as anemia, hypoxia, and postoperative bleeding. Generally, measurement of hemoglobin levels is performed by an invasive method that takes blood samples to be tested. This study offers a tele-monitoring system for measuring the hemoglobin level non-invasively, so it could reduce the possibility of infection or contamination to the body and can be monitored anywhere by using a website. This tele-monitoring device of non-invasive hemoglobin and oxygen saturation levels were designed by integrating the pulse oximetry sensor with signal conditioning circuit, Arduino Uno as a microcontroller, Ethernet module, an internet network, cloud server, and website. Pulse oximetry measured the oxygen saturation in the blood that indicate the vital state of human and became essential to determine the amount of hemoglobin level. The system performance in this study was tested on participants who had a good daily exercise and participants who never had daily activities to discover the correlation between hemoglobin levels with human physical activity and obtained 89% of accuracy. This system can be implemented as a personal device for monitoring the hemoglobin level and the oxygen saturation in daily used.

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Digital filter effect of the ventilator tester parameters to identify inflation phases

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2537卷

作者： Tomy Abuzairi Ahli Irfan Basari 1Electrical Engineering Study Program Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 3Research Center for Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 2Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

A ventilator is a breathing support device that serves as a therapeutic tool or treatment tool for patients with respiratory system failure caused by various health problems or diseases. On ventilators, there are crucial parameters that need to be monitored in advance, such as inspiration–expiration (I:E) ratio, respiration rate, tidal volume, peak inspiration pressure (PIP), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and oxygen concentration. To monitor those parameters, a ventilator tester is needed. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of a digital filter in the ventilator tester, COVENT-Tester, to identify the inflation phase in the ventilator parameters. The results show that the digital filter is not effective in measuring I:E ratio and respiration rate because of the delay in inspiration and expiration time. However, the digital filter is effective in measuring tidal volume, PIP, PEEP, and oxygen concentration.

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SAT0015 The negative effects of glucocorticoids on bone are primarily mediated by genes involved in osteoblast differentiation and bone remodelling

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Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2012年 71卷 476-476页

作者： K.I. Blankenstein T.C. Brennan-Speranza K. Lyon C.R. Dunstan F. Buttgereit H. Zhou M.J. Seibel 1Bone Research Program ANZAC Research Institute Sydney Australia 2Dept. of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Charité University Medicine Berlin Germany 3Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Sydney 4Department of Endcrinology and Metabolism Concord Hospital Sydney Australia

Background Long-term and high-dose treatment with glucocorticoids causes bone loss and can lead to secondary osteoporosis in both human and mice. The molecular mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of glucocorticoids on bone are not well understood. We recently demonstrated that osteoblast-targeted disruption of glucocorticoid signalling attenuates glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in mice, indicating that the detrimental skeletal effects of glucocorticoids are predominantly mediated by osteoblasts. Objectives To further determine the role of the osteoblast in glucocorticoid-induced bone loss, we aimed to elucidate the effects of glucocorticoids on the gene expression profile in bone cells. Methods Seven-week old male CD1 outbred mice were subcutaneously implanted with slow-release pellets containing either 1.5 mg corticosterone (CS) or placebo (PLC) over 28 days. Blood was obtained weekly and osteocalcin serum levels were measured by IRMA. RNA was isolated from tibia at endpoint (day 28) and Affymetrix Gene Array analysis (GeneSpring GX) was performed to assess changes in expression of genes associated with osteoblast differentiation and the regulation of bone remodelling. Genes considered to be regulated were at least 1.5-fold differentially expressed. Quantitative RT-PCR was employed to validate the gene array results on a selection of genes. Results By comparing gene expression profiles in RNA from mice treated with corticosterone or placebo, we found that corticosterone specifically regulated 391 genes. To further investigate the genes targeted by corticosterone treatment we performed gene ontology analysis with the aid of heat maps. We found that the expression of genes implicated in osteoblast differentiation and the regulation of bone remodelling was downregulated in mice treated with corticosterone compared to placebo. We observed a downregulation of the osteoblast markers Runx2, Colα1, osteocalcin and sclerostin in corticosterone-treated mice compared t

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Effects of variation of chitosan concentration on the characteristics of membrane cellulose bacteria-chitosan biocomposites as candidates for artificial dura mater

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1817卷

作者： Prihartini Widiyanti Hajria Jabbar Djony Izak Rudyardjo 1Biomedical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 2Institute of Tropical Disease Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 3Physics Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia

This study was conducted to determine the effect of variation in concentration of chitosan on the physical and biological characteristics of the membrane of bacterial cellulose-chitosan biocomposites through immersion precipitation method. Bacterial cellulose membrane was soaked in a solution of chitosan whose concentration variation are 0.1%; 0.3%; 0.5% and 0.7%. The characterization tests which were conducted included the analysis of functional groups (FTIR), tensile strength test, morphology test (SEM), and cytotoxicity assay using MTT Assay method. Based on the cluster analysis test, the results of FTIR spectra indicate changes in the physical bond which means that there is interaction between the bacterial cellulose membrane with chitosan on each sample. The bacteria produced cellulose membrane with tensile strength of 10.53 ± 0.19 MPa while the microbial cellulose membrane by adding 0.5% chitosan concentration had tensile strength value of 8:58 ± 0.19 MPa. It shows that with the addition of chitosan it would decrease the tensile strength in microbial cellulose membrane. This was shown by 496.2 nm - 2,032 µm pore size with a thickness (mm) of 0:35 ± 0.33 to 0.81 ± 0.26. Based on the test results of the analysis of functional groups, tensile strength test, and morphology test, membrane microbial cellulose-chitosan biocomposites have the potential to be used as artificial dura mater candidate.

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Characterization of crystal structure and mechanical properties of polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite-collagen nanofiber for scaffold anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) applications

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2663卷

作者： Faika Hanum Salsabilah Djony Izak Rudyardjo Sofijan Hadi Tahta Amrillah Aminatun Aminatun 1Program Study of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 2Program Study of Physics Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 3Program Study of Chemistry Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 4Program Study of Nanotechnology Faculty of Advance technology and Multidiscipline-Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia

Recently, it was found that the case of knee injuries could reach a prevalence of 48 per 1000 peoples in one year, with 9% being categorized as Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries. The most common cause of ACL injuries is sports activities. Several strategies were used to heal this injury, such as a treatment, up to autographs bone graft surgery. Current research developments lead to the use of artificial ligaments to heal the ACL injuries which have many advantages over autografts. Thus, this present study aims to fabricate the artificial ligament using hydroxyapatite (HA)/collagen/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber composites. Here, we try to determine the effect of variations of HA, collagen, and PCL compositions in the nanofiber composites by studying their crystal structure and mechanical properties (tensile strength). We use variations of PCL: HA: collagen compositions about of 50:45:5, 50:40:10, 50:35:15, 50:30:20, and 50:25:25 wt%, respectively, in the 10% w/v of solution concentrations. In this present research, the nanofiber was fabricated by using electrospinning method with a voltage of 23 kV, while, the distance between the needle and the collector of about of 15 cm. The XRD and tensile strength tests were used to study the effects of PCL: HA: collagen compositions. In the XRD test, we found that the PCL peaks were detected at 2θ = 21° and 23° and HA was found at 2θ = 31°. The PCL crystal size is found to be 47.82-86.87 nm and the degree of crystallinity is 24.31-36.87%. In the mechanical test, the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) value was obtained in the range of 0.942 MPa-2.864 MPa. It was found that the PCL could increase the tensile strength. However, the obtained UTS value is still far from the UTS of the original human ACL value.

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Graph Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

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biomedical Data Science 1000年第1期7卷 345-368页

作者： Ruth Johnson Michelle M. Li Ayush Noori Owen Queen Marinka Zitnik 1Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA email: marinka@hms.harvard.edu 2Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA 3Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics Program Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA 4Department of Computer Science Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Allston Massachusetts USA 5Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge Massachusetts USA 7Kempner Institute for the Study of Natural and Artificial Intelligence Harvard University Allston Massachusetts USA 6Harvard Data Science Initiative Cambridge Massachusetts USA

In clinical artificial intelligence (AI), graph representation learning, mainly through graph neural networks and graph transformer architectures, stands out for its capability to capture intricate relationships and structures within clinical datasets. With diverse data—from patient records to imaging—graph AI models process data holistically by viewing modalities and entities within them as nodes interconnected by their relationships. Graph AI facilitates model transfer across clinical tasks, enabling models to generalize across patient populations without additional parameters and with minimal to no retraining. However, the importance of human-centered design and model interpretability in clinical decision-making cannot be overstated. Since graph AI models capture information through localized neural transformations defined on relational datasets, they offer both an opportunity and a challenge in elucidating model rationale. Knowledge graphs can enhance interpretability by aligning model-driven insights with medical knowledge. Emerging graph AI models integrate diverse data modalities through pretraining, facilitate interactive feedback loops, and foster human–AI collaboration, paving the way toward clinically meaningful predictions.

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Atmospheric multipath resolution using spread spectrum acoustic signals

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Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics 2017年第1期30卷

作者： David C. Swanson Mark P. Mahon David E. Norris T. Douglas Mast 1Applied Research Laboratory The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA dcs5@psu.edu mpm114@psu.edu 2Camgian Microsystems Starkville MS USA dnorris@*** 3Biomedical Engineering Program University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45267-0586 USA doug.mast@uc.edu

A method for measurement of multipath propagation is presented and applied to short-range outdoor sound propagation. The method employs spread-spectrum signals, in which a sinusoidal carrier is modulated by a pseudorandom maximal-length sequence. Spectrum spreading is determined by the chip rate, or the rate of carrier modulation; faster chip rates result in broader spectra. Deconvolution of received acoustic signals with respect to transmitted signals provides a filtered version of the channel impulse response, which in turn yields time delay and amplitude estimates for each propagation path. This method was tested in an outdoor sound propagation experiment in the presence of 8 m/s wind. Multiple spread-spectrum signals were transmitted from a loudspeaker and received by a three-axis microphone array. Deconvolution of the received signals clearly resolved a direct wavefront and a ground-reflected wavefront, while correlation processing failed to resolve the two propagation paths. Measured path lengths and arrival directions for these wavefronts were confirmed by a three-dimensional ray-tracing model that incorporated sound-speed and wind-velocity profiles determined from meteorological measurements. The temporal resolution of the impulse response measurements is shown to be primarily limited by the system bandwidth employed in the deconvolution operation, rather than by the carrier frequency and chip rate.

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Collagen-chitosan scaffold - Lauric acid plasticizer for skin tissue engineering on burn cases

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1817卷

作者： Prihartini Widiyanti Ewing Dian Setyadi Djony Izak Rudyardjo 1Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 2Institute of Tropical Disease Universitas Airlangga Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115 Indonesia 3Physics Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115 Indonesia

The prevalence of burns in the world is more than 800 cases per one million people each year and this is the second highest cause of death due to trauma after traffic accident. Many studies are turning to skin substitute methods of tissue engineering. The purpose of this study is to determine the composition of the collagen, chitosan, and lauric acid scaffold, as well as knowing the results of the characterization of the scaffold. The synthesis of chitosan collagen lauric acid scaffold as a skin tissue was engineered using freeze dried method. Results from making of collagen chitosan lauric acid scaffold was characterized physically, biologically and mechanically by SEM, cytotoxicity, biodegradation, and tensile strength. From the morphology test, the result obtained is that pore diameter size ranges from 94.11 to 140.1 µm for samples A,B,C,D, which are in the range of normal pore size 63-150 µm, while sample E has value below the standard which is about 37.87 to 47.36 µm. From cytotoxicity assay, the result obtained is the percentage value of living cells between 20.11 to 21.51%. This value is below 50% the standard value of living cells. Incompatibility is made possible because of human error mainly the replication of washing process over the standard. Degradation testing obtained values of 19.44% - 40% by weight which are degraded during the 7 days of observation. Tensile test results obtained a range of values of 0.192 - 3.53 MPa. Only sample A (3.53 MPa) and B (1.935 MPa) meet the standard values of skin tissue scaffold that is 1-24 MPa. Based on the results of the characteristics of this study, composite chitosan collagen scaffold with lauric acid plasticizer has a potential candidate for skin tissue engineering for skin burns cases.

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EEG channels reduction using PCA to increase XGBoost’s accuracy for stroke detection

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1862卷

作者： N. Fitriah S. K. Wijaya M. I. Fanany C. Badri M. Rezal 1Biomedical Engineering Study Program Universitas Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya No. 4 Jakarta 10430 DKI Jakarta Indonesia 2Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA) Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia 3Faculty of Computer Science Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia

In Indonesia, based on the result of Basic Health Research 2013, the number of stroke patients had increased from 8.3 ‰ (2007) to 12.1 ‰ (2013). These days, some researchers are using electroencephalography (EEG) result as another option to detect the stroke disease besides CT Scan image as the gold standard. A previous study on the data of stroke and healthy patients in National Brain Center Hospital (RS PON) used Brain Symmetry Index (BSI), Delta-Alpha Ratio (DAR), and Delta-Theta-Alpha-Beta Ratio (DTABR) as the features for classification by an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). The study got 85% accuracy with sensitivity above 86 % for acute ischemic stroke detection. Using EEG data means dealing with many data dimensions, and it can reduce the accuracy of classifier (the curse of dimensionality). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) could reduce dimensionality and computation cost without decreasing classification accuracy. XGBoost, as the scalable tree boosting classifier, can solve real-world scale problems (Higgs Boson and Allstate dataset) with using a minimal amount of resources. This paper reuses the same data from RS PON and features from previous research, preprocessed with PCA and classified with XGBoost, to increase the accuracy with fewer electrodes. The specific fewer electrodes improved the accuracy of stroke detection. Our future work will examine the other algorithm besides PCA to get higher accuracy with less number of channels.

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