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1st International Conference on Environment, Sustainability Issues and Community Development, INCRID 2019

作者： Pratiwi, N.I. Sari, S.R. Arifan, F. Wulandari, A.T. Alkian, I. Mustasjar, B. Aji, M.B.F.B. Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University Indonesia Department of Engineering Architectural Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology Vocational School Diponegoro University Indonesia Nursing Science Study Program Faculty of Health Sciences Muhammadiyah University Purwokerto Indonesia Department of History Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University Indonesia

Wastewater produced by batik industry in Cibelok Village, Pemalang that is disposed straight into the sewage will increase the concentration of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), ammonia (NH3), chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), watercolour, acidity (pH), and dissolved oxygen (DO). Disposed batik wastewater without treatment will contaminate the environment, mainly its water and soil. The main purpose of this research is to reduce the concentration of chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), ammonia (NH3), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), watercolour, acidity, and dissolved oxygen (DO) by treating batik Cibelok's waste and not contaminate the surrounding environment. Laboratory test results on batik waste in COD, BOD, DO, ammonia, chromium, lead, colour, and acidity (pH). These results are not in accordance with the 2014 Waste Water Quality Standard Number 5 by the Regulation of the Minister of Environment of the Republic of Indonesia. Alternatives that have been done to treat Cibelok Village's batik waste is to lower dangerous substances concentration through electrocoagulation and filtration. The processes could lower COD level around 57.6%, ammonia 98%, chromium 85%, and BOD 67%. Reducing the concentration of the substance makes the batik waste safer and environmentally friendly when it's finally disposed to the sewage. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Biochemical oxygen demand

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An Effort to Increase the Potential of Virgin Coconut Oil with Pendawa Technique 6

An Effort to Increase the Potential of Virgin Coconut Oil wi...

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Joint Conference of the 6th Annual Conference of Industrial and System engineering 2019, ACISE 2019 and 1st International Conference on Risk Management as an Interdisciplinary Approach 2019, ICRMIA 2019

作者： Sapatra, E.F. Yuniarti, I. Imamsyah, R.A.S. Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology Study Program Faculty of Vocational School Diponegoro University Indonesia

In order to overcome the disadvantages of conventional method, innovations on how to produce coconut oil were applied with the technique of PENDAWA (Pendayagunaan Asam Jawa). Coconut oil comes from coconut milk which is the substance between oil and water (emulsion). So to get coconut oil, acid is needed as an emulgator to break down emulsifying substances. In this case, Tamarind is used because it is cheap, available, contains a lot of antioxidants, and is efficacious. Coconut oil contains medium chain saturated fatty acids, namely MCT (Medium-chain triglycerides) where MCT provides extraordinary health enhancing properties. We compared three types of coconut oil, namely coconut oil in the traditional way, coconut oil with the addition of tamarind, and packaging oil on the market. The result was coconut oil with the Pendawa method very good in quality and quality with FFA 0.0067% and peroxide number of 1.5 mg ek/kg. In conclusion, this oil production with the PENDAWA method is very effective, efficient, high in quality, and provides high profit for the industry that wants to produce it. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Emulsification

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Evaluating the impacts of environmental and human health of the critical minerals mining and processing industries in Indonesia using life cycle assessment

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Case Studies in chemical and Environmental engineering 2024年 10卷

作者： Wahyono, Yoyon Sasongko, Nugroho Adi Trench, Allan Anda, Martin Hadiyanto, Hadiyanto Aisyah, Nyayu Anisah, Anisah Ariyanto, Novy Kumalasari, Isnaeni Putri, Virny Zasyana Eka Lestari, Mutia Citrawati Panggabean, Lambas Parlaungan Ridlo, Rohmadi Sundari, Sundari Suryaningtyas, Anissa Dewi Novianti, Endah Dwi Hakim, Muhammad Raihan Farras Prihatin, Anggara Lomak Matin, Hashfi Hawali Abdul Research Center for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN Prof. BJ. Habibie Complex Area Banten Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia Energy Security Graduate Program Republic of Indonesia Defense University IPSC Sentul Area West Java 16810 Indonesia Centre for Exploration Targeting School of Earth Sciences The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia UWA Business School 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia Environmental Engineering Murdoch University Murdoch 6150 WA Australia Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Central Java Semarang 50241 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Central Java Semarang 50275 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Vocational School Gadjah Mada University Sleman Yogyakarya 55281 Indonesia Study Program of Environmental Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Sebelas Maret Central Java Surakarta 57126 Indonesia

The critical minerals industries in Indonesia may pose possible environmental and human health risks due to the release of pollutants into soil, water, and air, as well as the use of materials and energy. This study investigates the possible environmental and human health impacts of Indonesia's nickel, gold, copper, tin, and bauxite mining and processing industries. This study utilizes the latest version of the OpenLCA software, version 2.0, in combination with the Ecoinvent 3.8 database. To evaluate potential environmental consequences and health effects on humans, CML-IA Baseline and Environmental Priority Strategies (EPS) are employed in product development. The EPS system was developed utilizing a hierarchical methodology with the objective of furnishing the product developer with data regarding the financial impact of human health impairment resulting from a particular product development. The production of one tonne of gold, nickel, bauxite, tin, and copper results in the emission of 7.34.E+07, 4.61.E+04, 3.10.E+04, 1.02.E+04, 8.01.E+03 kg CO₂ eq/t, respectively, contributing to global warming. This production is associated with asthma cases of 7.79.E+01 (gold industry), 2.21.E−03 (copper industry), 1.81.E−03 (tin industry), 9.21.E−04 (nickel industry), and 4.71.E−06 (bauxite industry) Personyears/t. Electricity consumption and the release of carbon dioxide are the main factors contributing to global warming. The primary cause of asthma cases is the utilization of fuel oil and electricity. Power plant chimneys can employ various technologies, such as cyclones, bag filters, and scrubbers, to mitigate the release of polluting gas emissions. The critical mineral industry must prioritize handling and governing of steam power facilities to minimize their negative effects on the environment and human health. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Critical minerals industries Environmental impacts Human health impacts Life cycle assessment

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Physicochemical Characteristics of Artificial Rice from Composite Flour: Modified Cassava Starch, Canavalia ensiformis and Dioscorea esculenta 2

Physicochemical Characteristics of Artificial Rice from Comp...

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2nd International Conference on Energy, Environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2017

作者： Sumardiono, Siswo Pudjihastuti, Isti Handayani, Noer Abyor Kusumayanti, Heny Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Central Java Semarang Indonesia Vocational Program Study of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University Central Java Semarang Indonesia

Indonesia is the third largest country on the global paddy rice production and also considered as a rice importer. Even, Indonesia has the biggest per capita consumption of paddy rice (140 kg of paddy rice per person per year). Product diversification using local commodities. Artificial rice is potential to be developed as a new value product using different types of grains. It is one of appropriate solutions for reducing imported rice rate. Artificial rice was produced using high nutrition composite flours (modified cassava starch, corn, Canavalian ensiformis, and Dioscorea esculenta). This study consists of three main stages, preparation of composite flour, formulation, and artificial rice production using hot extruder capacity 10 kg/day. The objectives of this studies were to investigate some formulation in compare with commercial paddy rice. Artificial rice has been successfully conducted using prototype of hot extruder with the temperature 95°C. Physical analyses (color and water absorption) were carried out to artificial rice product and commercial paddy rice. chemical analyses (nutrition and amylose content) of product will be also presented in this study. The best formulation of artificial rice was achieved in 80% modified cassava starch, 10% Canavalian ensiformis, and 10% Dioscorea esculenta, respectively. © 2018 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

关键词： Water absorption

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Effect of pH on physicochemical properties of cassava starch modification using ozone 24

Effect of pH on physicochemical properties of cassava starch...

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24th Regional Symposium on chemical engineering, RSCE 2017

作者： Pudjihastuti, Isti Handayani, Noer Sumardiono, Siswo Vocational Program Study of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University Jl.Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang50275 Indonesia Departement of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Jl.Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang50275 Indonesia

Nowadays, starch modification is carried out in order to change the native properties into the better ones, such as high stability, brightness, and better texture. The objectives of this study are to investigate the effect of pH on carboxyl content, swelling power, and water solubility of starch. This research was divided into two main stages, i.e. starch modification by ozone oxidation and analysis. The physicochemical properties of modified cassava starch were investigated under various reaction pH of 7-10 and the reaction time between 0-240 minutes. Reaction condition at pH 10 provided the higher value of carboxyl content and water solubility, but the lower of swelling power. This increase in solubility indicates that the modified oxidation starch readily dissolves in water, due to its small size granules and high amylose content. The significant changes of both parameters were achieved in the first 120 minutes of ozone reaction times. The graphic pattern of water solubility was in contrast with swelling power. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018.

关键词： Physicochemical properties

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The effect of emulsifier and hydrocolloid on baking expansion and texture of bread from modified cassava 24

The effect of emulsifier and hydrocolloid on baking expansio...

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24th Regional Symposium on chemical engineering, RSCE 2017

作者： Pudjihastuti, Isti Handayani, Noer Sumardiono, Siswo Vocational Program Study of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University Jl.Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang50275 Indonesia Departement of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia Jl.Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang50275 Indonesia

Indonesia has a very abundant cassava that can be used instead of wheat. Bread made from cassava is safe for celiac sufferers, in which cannot tolerate a protein called gluten found in wheat flour. However, bread from cassava has the disadvantage that it cannot inflate perfectly. Our research goal is to study the effect of emulsifier and hydrocolloid concentration as modifying agents on baking expansion and bread texture (hardness). The test level hedonic preference for bread products results from modified tapioca is also necessary to know the level of customer satisfaction. This study were conducted by three main stages, modification of cassava, baking process, and analyses. Modification of cassava starch was applied using combination of lactic acid solution and ultra violet (UV) irradiation. Emulsifier (DATEM) and hydrocolloid (xanthan gum) were used in baking process. The addition of emulsifier and hydrocolloid can improve baking expansion. The addition of 7% emulsifiers on modified cassava can increase the volume of bread, taste, and texture so it can give greater satisfaction to consumers. Hydrocolloid can replace the function of gluten so the bread can inflate perfectly. The optimal composition of modified cassava in bread making is 25% of modified cassava and 75% of wheat flour. The low value of texture (hardness) on bread made from modified cassava indicated a better performance in comparison with native cassava. Baking expansion and texture of the bread is influenced by the modification process. Furthermore, the comprehensive and optimum studies of modification need to be investigated. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018.

关键词： Textures

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The modification of sago (Metroxylon Sagu) starch by combination of lactic acid hydrolysis and H2O2 oxidation methods to increase baking expansion

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2197卷

作者： Siswo Sumardiono Nindya I. Kusumawardani Assalaam U. Abdurahman A. Arland Bakti Jos Isti Pudjihastuti 1Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang-Semarang 50275 Central Java-Indonesia 2Master of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang-Semarang 50275 Central Java-Indonesia 3Vocational Program Study of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University Jl.Prof.Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang Indonesia 50275

Human needs of food is the absolutely important thing that must be fulfilled, therefore food availability is the very important issue now. Indonesian still use rice for the main source of food, even though Indonesia still have another potential saving to meet national food needs like sago (Metroxylon Sagu). Hydrolysis of sago starch can improve physicochemical properties. The purpose of this research is to hydrolyse sago starch with lactic acid oxidation with H2O2 to improve baking expansion. The variable is the influence of pH to the physicochemical properties of modified starch and the baking expansion, the influence of H2O2 concentration to the physicochemical properties of modified starch and the baking expansion, and the influence of temperature of H2O2 to the physicochemical properties of modified starch and the baking expansion. Based on the physicochemical and rheology properties of modified starch we know the quality of the starch. The modified starch is then analysed the physicochemical and rheology properties such as swelling power, solubility, and baking expansion. The swelling power, solubility, and baking expansion of the starch increase linearly as the temperature increase from 35°C through 50°C. The pH increases from 4 to 6, and the concentration of H2O2 increase from 1% through 2%. However, the baking expansion decreases at pH 6 through pH 8 revealing an optimum acidity for the hydrolysis of sago starch.

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Production of biobuthanol from various lignocellulose waste with Clostridium acetobutylicum bacteria using ABE (acetone-buthanol-ethanol) fermentation

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2197卷

作者： Siswo Sumardiono Agustina R. P. Sari Hansel M. Santoso Bakti Jos Isti Pudjihastuti 1Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang-Semarang 50275 Central Java-Indonesia 2Master of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang-Semarang 50275 Central Java-Indonesia 3Vocational Program Study of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University Jl.Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang Indonesia 50275

Biobuthanol is produced by fermentation of lignocellulose waste from Clostridium acetobutylicum by the ABE (Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol) fermentation method. In this research on biobuthanol production, variations in the type and composition of lignocelluloses raw materials (rice husk and corn husk) were carried out. The steps of this research include delignification, hydrolysis, fermentation, and yield analysis. The results found in this study are that in the comparison of types and composition mixture of raw materials, the highest production of biobuthanol is achieved in samples with a variation of the composition of the raw material mixture of 25% rice husk and 75% corn husk, this is due to the discovery of the highest levels of cellulose with the least lignin in the sample, so that the hydrolysis process can take place quickly and produce more glucose as the main substrate in biobuthanol fermentation.

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Batik Pemalang Organic Wastewater Composition and Simple Electrocoagulation-Filtration Treatment

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期448卷

作者： N I Pratiwi S R Sari F Arifan A T Wulandari I Alkian B Mustasjar M B F B Aji Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University Indonesia Department of Engineering Architectural Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology Vocational School Diponegoro University Indonesia Nursing Science Study Program Faculty of Health Sciences Muhammadiyah University Purwokerto Indonesia Department of History Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University Indonesia

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An Effort to Increase the Potential of Virgin Coconut Oil with Pendawa Technique

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期598卷

作者： E F Sapatra I Yuniarti R A S Imamsyah Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology Study Program Faculty of Vocational School Diponegoro University Indonesia

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