检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

arXiv 2022年

作者： Gao, Wanling Wang, Lei Chen, Mingyu Xiong, Jin Luo, Chunjie Zhang, Wenli Huang, Yunyou Li, Weiping Kang, Guoxin Zheng, Chen Xie, Biwei Dai, Shaopeng He, Qian Ye, Hainan Bao, Yungang Zhan, Jianfeng State Key Lab of Processors Research Center for Advanced Computer Systems Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 6 Kexueyuan South Road Haidian District Beijing100190 China Yuquan Road Shijingshan District Beijing100049 China Guangxi Normal University No. 15 Yucai Road Qixing District Guangxi Guilin541010 China Civil Aviation Flight University of China No. 46 Section 4 Nanchang Road Sichuan Guanghan618307 China Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 4 South 4th Street Zhongguancun Beijing100190 China Beijing Institute of Open Source Chip No. 7 Caoqiao northwest corner of Haidian Bridge Haidian District Beijing100080 China

Emerging and future applications rely heavily upon systems consisting of Internet of Things (IoT), edges, data centers, and humans-in-the-loop. Significantly different from warehouse-scale computers that serve independent concurrent user requests, this new class of computer systems directly interacts with the physical world, considering humans an essential part and performing safety-critical and mission-critical operations;their computations have intertwined dependencies between not only adjacent execution loops but also actions or decisions triggered by IoTs, edge, datacenters, or humans-in-the-loop;the systems must first satisfy the accuracy metric in predicting, interpreting, or taking action before meeting the performance goal under different cases. This article argues we need a paradigm shift to reconstruct the IoTs, edges, data centers, and humans-in-the-loop as a computer rather than a distributed system. We coin a new term, high fusion computers (HFCs), to describe this class of systems. The fusion in the term has two implications: fusing IoTs, edges, data centers, and humans-in-the-loop as a computer, fusing the physical and digital worlds through HFC systems. HFC is a pivotal case of the open-source computer systems initiative. We laid out the challenges, plan, and call for uniting our community’s wisdom and actions to address the HFC challenges. Everything, including the source code, will be publicly available from the project homepage: https://***/HFC/. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Internet of things

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Optimization of laser-driven quantum beam generation and the applications with artificial intelligence

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Physics of Plasmas 2024年第5期31卷

作者： Kuramitsu, Y. Taguchi, T. Nikaido, F. Minami, T. Hihara, T. Suzuki, S. Oda, K. Kuramoto, K. Yasui, T. Abe, Y. Ibano, K. Takabe, H. Chu, C.M. Wu, K.T. Woon, W.Y. Chen, S.H. Jao, C.S. Chen, Y.C. Liu, Y.L. Morace, A. Yogo, A. Arikawa, Y. Kohri, H. Tokiyasu, A. Kodaira, S. Kusumoto, T. Kanasaki, M. Asai, T. Fukuda, Y. Kondo, K. Kiriyama, H. Hayakawa, T. Tanaka, S.J. Isayama, S. Watamura, N. Suzuki, H. Kumar, H.S. Ohnishi, N. Pikuz, T. Filippov, E. Sakai, K. Yasuhara, R. Nakata, M. Ishikawa, R. Hoshi, T. Mizuta, A. Bolouki, N. Saura, N. Benkadda, S. Koenig, M. Hamaguchi, S. Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita565-0871 Japan Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita565-0871 Japan 8-1-7 Umemidai Kyoto Kizugawa619-0215 Japan Department of Physics National Central University No. 300 Jhongda Rd. Taoyuan Jhongli320 Taiwan Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan National Center for High-Performance Computing National Applied Research Laboratories Tainan City711010 Taiwan Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Nuclear Physics Osaka University 10-1 Mihogaoka Osaka Ibaraki567-0047 Japan Research Center for Accelerator and Radioisotope Science Tohoku University 1-2-1 Mikamine Taihaku-ku Miyagi Sendai982-0826 Japan Inage Chiba263-8555 Japan Graduate School of Maritime Sciences Kobe University Kobe658-0022 Japan Department of Physical Sciences Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe Kanagawa Sagamihara252-5258 Japan Department of Advanced Environmental Science and Engineering Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-Kohen Fukuoka Kasuga816-8580 Japan Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita565-0871 Japan Department of Aerospace Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramakiazaaoba Aoba-ku Sendai980-8579 Japan Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita565-0871 Japan Villamayor Salamanca37185 Spain National Institute for Fusion Science 322-6 Oroshicho Gifu Toki509-5292 Japan Faculty of Arts and Sciences Komazawa University 1-23-1 Komazawa Setagaya-ku Tokyo154-8525 Japan Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory RIKEN Saitama Wako351-0198 Japan Department of Plasma Physics and Technology Faculty of Science Masaryk University Kotlářská 2 Brno611 37 Czech Republic Aix-Marseille Université CNRS PIIM UMR 7345 Marseille France LULI CN

We have investigated space and astrophysical phenomena in nonrelativistic laboratory plasmas with long high-power lasers, such as collisionless shocks and magnetic reconnections, and have been exploring relativistic regimes with intense short pulse lasers, such as energetic ion acceleration using large-area suspended graphene. Increasing the intensity and repetition rate of the intense lasers, we have to handle large amounts of data from the experiments as well as the control parameters of laser beamlines. Artificial intelligence (AI) such as machine learning and neural networks may play essential roles in optimizing the laser and target conditions for efficient laser ion acceleration. Implementing AI into the laser system in mind, as the first step, we are introducing machine learning in ion etch pit analyses detected on plastic nuclear track detectors. Convolutional neural networks allow us to analyze big ion etch pit data with high precision and recall. We introduce one of the applications of laser-driven ion beams using AI to reconstruct vector electric and magnetic fields in laser-produced turbulent plasmas in three dimensions. © 2024 Author(s).

关键词： Ions

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Constraints on the two-dimensional pseudospin-12 Mott insulator description of Sr2IrO4

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Physical Review B 2022年第24期105卷 245130-245130页

作者： B. Zwartsenberg R. P. Day E. Razzoli M. Michiardi M. X. Na G. Zhang J. D. Denlinger I. Vobornik C. Bigi B. J. Kim I. S. Elfimov E. Pavarini A. Damascelli Quantum Matter Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada BC V6T 1Z4 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada BC V6T 1Z1 Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Germany Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State Physics HFIPS Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR Laboratorio TASC in Area Science Park S.S.14 Km 163.5 I-34149 Trieste Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universit di Milano Via Celoria 16 I-20133 Milano Italy Department of Physics Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 790-784 South Korea Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems Institute for Basic Science (IBS) 77 Cheongam-Ro Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstraße 1 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich D-52425 Jülich Germany JARA High-Performance Computing Forschungszentrum Jülich D-52425 Jülich Germany

Sr2IrO4 has often been described via a simple, one-band pseudospin-12 model subject to electron-electron interactions on a square lattice, fostering analogies with cuprate superconductors believed to be well described by a similar model. In this work we argue—based on a detailed study of the low-energy electronic structure by circularly polarized spin and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy combined with dynamical mean-field theory calculations—that a pseudospin-12 model fails to capture the full complexity of the system. We show instead that a realistic multiband Hubbard Hamiltonian, accounting for the full correlated t2g manifold, provides a detailed description of the interplay between spin-orbital entanglement and electron-electron interactions and yields quantitative agreement with experiments. Our analysis establishes that the j3/2 states make up a substantial percentage of the low-energy spectral weight, i.e., approximately 74% as determined from the integration of the j-resolved spectral function in the 0 to −1.64eV energy range. The results in our work are of relevance not only to Ir-based materials but also more generally to multiorbital materials with closely spaced energy scales.

关键词： Spin-orbit coupling High-temperature superconductors Mott insulators Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy Dynamical mean field theory Hubbard model Spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

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The effects of different travel modes and travel destinations on COVID-19 transmission in global cities

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Science Bulletin 2022年第6期67卷 588-592,M0003页

作者： Rui Zhu Luc Anselin Michael Batty Mei-Po Kwan Min Chen Wei Luo Tao Cheng Che Kang Lim Paolo Santi Cheng Cheng Qiushi Gu Man Sing Wong Kai Zhang Guonian Lü Carlo Ratti Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Ministry of Education) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Senseable City Laboratory Future Urban Mobility IRGSingapore-MIT Alliance for Research and TechnologySingapore 138602Singapore Center for Spatial Data Science Division of the Social SciencesUniversity of ChicagoChicago IL 60637USA School of Geography Science Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis Faculty of the Built EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Geography and Resource Management the Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Space and Earth Information Science the Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning Utrecht UniversityUtrecht 3584 CSNetherlands State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution Nanjing 210023China Department of Geography National University of SingaporeSingapore 117570Singapore SpaceTimeLab Department of CivilEnvironmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Clinical Translational Research Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169856Singapore Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm 17177Sweden Senseable City Laboratory Department of Urban Studies and PlanningMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Istituto di Informatica e Telematica del CNR Pisa 56124Italy Department of System Science Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 138632Singapore Department of Tourism Studies School of HumanitiesSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

The international community has made significant efforts to flatten the COVID-19 curve,including predicting transmission[1,2],executing unprecedented global lockdowns and social distancing[3,4],promoting the wearing of facemasks and social distancing measures[5],and isolating confirmed cases and contacts[6].Because of the adverse consequences of these lockdown measures[7],many cities have reopened so they can rebuild their ***,as mobility has gradually returned towards normal,imported cases from unknown sources have disrupted the recovery situation,and cities are continually at high risk of new waves of infection[8,9]since airborne transmission is the dominant transmission route[10].

关键词：多变量时间序列疫情传播出行方式谷歌公司交通出行病毒传播出行行为大城市

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Measuring the quantum state of photoelectrons

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Laurell, Hugo Luo, Sizuo Weissenbilder, Robin Ammitzböll, Mattias Ahmed, Shahnawaz Söderberg, Hugo Petersson, C.M. Leon Poulain, Vénus Guo, Chen Dittel, Christoph Finkelstein-Shapiro, Daniel Squibb, Richard J. Feifel, Raimund Gisselbrecht, Mathieu Arnold, Cord L. Buchleitner, Andreas Lindroth, Eva Kockum, Anton Frisk L'Huillier, Anne Busto, David Department of Physics Lund University Box 118 Lund221 00 Sweden Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg412 96 Sweden Department of Physics Stockholm University AlbaNova University Center Stockholm106 91 Sweden Physikalisches Institut Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Hermann-Herder-Straße 3 Freiburg79104 Germany EUCOR Centre for Quantum Science and Quantum Computing Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Hermann-Herder-Straße 3 Freiburg79104 Germany Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 19 Freiburg79104 Germany Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior Ciudad Universitaria Alcaldía Coyoacán Ciudad de MéxicoC.P. 04510 Mexico Department of Physics University of Gothenburg Origovägen 6B Gothenburg412 96 Sweden

by the photoelectric effect, is often characterized experimentally by a classical quantity, its momentum. However, since the photoelectron is a quantum object, its rigorous characterization requires the reconstruction of the complete quantum state, the photoelectron’s density matrix. Here, we use quantum state tomography to fully characterize photoelectrons emitted from helium and argon atoms upon absorption of ultrashort, extreme ultraviolet light pulses. While in helium we measure a pure photoelectronic state, in argon, spin-orbit interaction induces entanglement between the ion and the photoelectron, leading to a reduced purity of the photoelectron state. Our work shows how state tomography gives new insights into the fundamental quantum aspects of light-induced electronic processes in matter, bridging the fields of photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum information, and offering new spectroscopic possibilities for quantum technology. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Photoelectrons

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Assessing Trustworthy AI in Times of COVID-19: Deep Learning for Predicting a Multiregional Score Conveying the Degree of Lung Compromise in COVID-19 Patients

IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society

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IEEE Transactions on technology and Society 2022年第4期3卷 272-289页

作者： Allahabadi, Himanshi Amann, Julia Balot, Isabelle Beretta, Andrea Binkley, Charles Bozenhard, Jonas Bruneault, Frederick Brusseau, James Candemir, Sema Cappellini, Luca Alessandro Chakraborty, Subrata Cherciu, Nicoleta Cociancig, Christina Coffee, Megan Ek, Irene Espinosa-Leal, Leonardo Farina, Davide Fieux-Castagnet, Genevieve Frauenfelder, Thomas Gallucci, Alessio Giuliani, Guya Golda, Adam Van Halem, Irmhild Hildt, Elisabeth Holm, Sune Kararigas, Georgios Krier, Sebastien A. Kuhne, Ulrich Lizzi, Francesca Madai, Vince I. Markus, Aniek F. Masis, Serg Mathez, Emilie Wiinblad Mureddu, Francesco Neri, Emanuele Osika, Walter Ozols, Matiss Panigutti, Cecilia Parent, Brendan Pratesi, Francesca Moreno-Sanchez, Pedro A. Sartor, Giovanni Savardi, Mattia Signoroni, Alberto Sormunen, Hanna-Maria Spezzatti, Andy Srivastava, Adarsh Stephansen, Annette F. Theng, Lau Bee Tithi, Jesmin Jahan Tuominen, Jarno Umbrello, Steven Vaccher, Filippo Vetter, Dennis Westerlund, Magnus Wurth, Renee Zicari, Roberto V. Ey Netherlands Enterprise Intelligence Department Amsterdam1083 HP Netherlands Eth Zurich Health Ethics and Policy Lab Department of Health Sciences and Technology Zürich8092 Switzerland Center for Diplomatic and Strategic Studies Postgraduate Studies in Diplomacy and International Relations Paris75015 France Pisa56124 Italy Hackensack Meridian Health Bioethics Center EdisonNJ08820 United States University of Oxford Faculty of Philosophy OxfordOX2 6GG United Kingdom Collège André- Laurendeau Philosophie Department MontrealQCH8N 2J4 Canada Université du Québec À Montréal École des Médias MontrealQCH2L 2C4 Canada Pace University Philosophy Department New YorkNY10038 United States The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Radiology ColumbusOH43210 United States Humanitas Research Hospital Department of Radiology Milan20089 Italy Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences Milan20089 Italy University of New England Faculty of Science Agriculture Business and Law ArmidaleNSW2351 Australia University of Technology Sydney Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology SydneyNSW2007 Australia Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna European Centre of Excellence on the Regulation of Robotics and Ai Pisa56127 Italy University of Bremen Group of Computer Architecture Bremen28359 Germany New York University Grossman School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Department of Medicine New YorkNY10016 United States Digital Institute Ai Research Section Stockholm16731 Sweden Arcada University of Applied Sciences Department of Business Management and Analytics Helsinki00550 Finland University of Brescia Radiological Sciences and Public Health Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Brescia25121 Italy Sncf Reseau Sa Ethique Groupe La Plaine93418 France Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University Hospital Zurich Zürich8091 Switzerland Eindhoven University of Tech

This article's main contributions are twofold: 1) to demonstrate how to apply the general European Union's High-Level Expert Group's (EU HLEG) guidelines for trustworthy AI in practice for the domain of healthcare and 2) to investigate the research question of what does 'trustworthy AI' mean at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, we present the results of a post-hoc self-assessment to evaluate the trustworthiness of an AI system for predicting a multiregional score conveying the degree of lung compromise in COVID-19 patients, developed and verified by an interdisciplinary team with members from academia, public hospitals, and industry in time of pandemic. The AI system aims to help radiologists to estimate and communicate the severity of damage in a patient's lung from Chest X-rays. It has been experimentally deployed in the radiology department of the ASST Spedali Civili clinic in Brescia, Italy, since December 2020 during pandemic time. The methodology we have applied for our post-hoc assessment, called Z-Inspection®, uses sociotechnical scenarios to identify ethical, technical, and domain-specific issues in the use of the AI system in the context of the pandemic. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Service learning implementation: Empowering engineering students via drone tech for EDU-4IR program

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2433卷

作者： Jaysuman Pusppanathan Izwyn Zulkapri Nina Diana Nawi Fatin Aliah Phang Nur Amira Zulkiflli Adam Wong Yoon Khang Jamil Abedalrahim Jamil Alsayaydeh Tee Kian Sek Fauzan Khairi Che Harun 1Sports Innovation Technology Centre Institute of Human Centered Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru Malaysia 2School of Education Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru Malaysia 3Centre for Engineering Education Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru Malaysia 4School of Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru Malaysia 5Faculty of Engineering Technology Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Melaka Malaysia 6Center for Advanced Computing Technology Faculty of Engineering Technology Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Melaka Malaysia 7Instrumentation and Sensing Technology Faculty of Electronic & Electrical Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Johor Malaysia 8School of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru Malaysia

With the advancement of technology, there is an urgency to produce students equipped with the 21st Century skills to keep up with the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This is in line with the aspiration of the Malaysian government to develop holistic graduates and transform education as in the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2015-2025. Service learning pedagogy was explored in this paper by integrating the course content of UKQA2232-01 Drone technology with the real context application. Thirty-one engineering undergraduates enrolled in the Drone technology course participated in the Drone Tech for Edu 4IR project. The project consists of seminars, workshops, and racing activities. Document analysis of the course information, project reports, and students’ reflections were employed in this study to identify the learning process and skills gained by the students. Results show that the students went through 6 phases of service learning implementation. The service learning has enhanced the students’ learning, sense of responsibility, accountability, adaptability, management and international exposure. These are essential to develop good engineers in the future.

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Preparation and optimization of antibacterial activity of graphene oxide silver nanocomposite

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2454卷

作者： An’amt Mohamed Noor Farah Amanina Mohd Zin Ahmad Muhsin Mohammad Fatin Setia Budi Muhammad Hafiz Abu Bakar Mohd Shaiful Sajab Mohamad Faiz Mohd Amin Sahid Mehmood 1Advanced Material Research Cluster Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli Campus Kelantan Malaysia 2Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Jakarta Indonesia 3Wireless and Photonic Network Research Centre Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Malaysia 4Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Malaysia 5Faculty of Earth Science Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli Campus Kelantan Malaysia 6Center of Micro-Nano System School of Information Science and Technology Fudan University Shanghai China

Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared using simplified Hummer’s method, and GO-silver nanocomposite (GOAg) was prepared by microwave irradiation. The synthesis aims to decorate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) to enhance silver nanoparticle performances. The nanocomposite was characterized by using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Antibacterial activity of the nanocomposite was investigated using the disk diffusion method where several parameters such as GOAg loading (10%, 20%, and 30%), bacterial suspension concentration (1.5 and 3.0 × 108 CFU/ml ), and incubation temperature (30 and 35 °C) were varied. The antibacterial study was tested against one gram-negative bacteria, which is Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 (E. coli) and Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) Lactobacillus Plantarum BD 8913C (L. Plantarum), and Bacillus subtilis (B. Subtilis). The results reveal that *** were more susceptible against GOAg nanocomposite at 30°C; meanwhile, ***, *** were more susceptible to incubation temperature at 35°C. The results also indicate that the GOAg nanocomposite also shows a promising inhibition zone with increasing bacterial suspension and disclosing its potential to be used in many other applications.

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Synthesis of hydrochar from empty fruit bunches (EFB) and oil palm trunks (OPT) Via wet torrefaction: A parametric study

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3073卷

作者： Frederick Jit Fook Phang Megan Soh Jiuan Jing Chew Aqsha Aqsha Deni Shidqi Khaerudini Gerald Ensang Timuda Bing Shen How Soh Kheang Loh Suzana Yusup Jaka Sunarso Research Centre for Sustainable Technologies Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science Swinburne University of Technology Jalan Simpang Tiga 93350 Kuching Sarawak Malaysia Department of Bioenergy and Chemurgy Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung 40132 Jawa Barat Indonesia Research Center for Advanced Materials National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Bld. 440 Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong South Tangerang 15314 Banten Indonesia Energy and Environmental Unit Engineering and Processing Division Malaysian Palm Oil Board 6 Persiaran Institusi Bandar Baru Bangi 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia Generation Unit (Fuel and Combustion Section) TNB Research Sdn. Bhd. No. 1 Kawasan Institusi Penyelidikan Jalan Ayer Hitam 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia

With the rising popularity of the oil palm industry driven by global demand, an abundance of oil palm biomass waste is expected. Wet torrefaction is an appealing method for converting oil palm biomass waste into fuel. Empty fruit bunches (EFB) with a particle size range of 0.5 to 1.0 mm were treated via wet torrefaction at 180 to 220 °C with 20 °C intervals and 3 to 9 hours with 3 hours intervals. The wet torrefied EFB, termed EFB hydrochar, was evaluated for its mass yield and higher heating value (HHV). The energy yield of the hydrochar was assessed as well, as it represents the fuel potential of the hydrochar. Ensuring that the mass yield is relatively high whilst HHV is favourable is desirable. The HHV of hydrochar increased with increasing temperature and residence times whilst mass yield followed an opposite trend. For instance, hydrochar obtained at 220 °C and 9 hours had the highest HHV and the lowest mass yield, at 23.74 MJ kg−1 and 42.86 wt. %, respectively. Despite its highest HHV, its energy yield was relatively low, at only 60 %. On the contrary, hydrochar obtained at 180 °C and 3 hours had the lowest HHV (17.37 MJ kg−1) among all treated EFB; however, it had the highest energy yield, at 76 %. The higher value of energy yield was due to its relatively higher mass yield when compared to the hydrochar with the highest HHV (i.e. 73.78 wt. % to 42.86 wt. %, respectively). Similar trends were observed for OPT hydrochar subjected to the same wet torrefaction condition. Nevertheless, EFB hydrochar generally had a higher mass yield and HHV, offering a higher energy yield than OPT hydrochar. This disparity is likely attributed to the higher lignin content in EFB compared to OPT.

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Effects of sintering on the properties of ceria co-doped scandia stabilised zirconia

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2643卷

作者： Ignatius Lim Yuze C. K. Ng K. L. Poon C. H. Ting S. Ramesh Y. D. Chuah C. Y. Tan K. Y. Sara Lee U. Sutharsini 1Department of Mechanical and Materials & Manufacturing Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Jalan Sungai Long Bandar Sungai Long Cheras Kajang 43000 Malaysia 2Centre for Advanced Materials Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Technology Tunku Abdul Rahman University College 53300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 3Center of Advanced Manufacturing and Material Processing Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 4Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Brunei Tungku Highway Gadong BE1410 Brunei Darussalam 5Department of Mechatronics and BioMedical Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Jalan Sungai Long Bandar Sungai Long Cheras Kajang 43000 Malaysia 6Center of Systematic Innovation Research Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Technology Tunku Abdul Rahman University College 53300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 7Department of Physics University of Jaffna Jaffna JA 40000 Sri Lanka

Scandia stabilised zirconia (ScSZ) ceramics are promising materials for use as electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) for cleaner energy conversion and storage owing to their high ionic conductivity at high temperatures (∼850°C). However, its ionic conductivity drops when it operates at intermediate temperatures (500 -700°C) where its crystal structure transforms from the cubic phase to rhombohedral phase. Hence, ScSZ is often co-doped with trivalent cations like cerium oxide to enhance the cubic phase stability and improve its performance at intermediate temperatures. In this study, ScSZ co-doped with ceria was sintered at 1200 – 1500°C for 2 hours and quenched at different intervals to study the sintering process, and its effect on the porosity, relative density and mechanical properties (Vickers hardness and fracture toughness). Three stages of sintering were observed, where necks between particles start to form, grow and form grains while the network of porosity break down into discontinuous, closed pores. Increasing the sintering temperature accelerates the sintering process, therefore yielding parts with higher relative density but with larger grain sizes. However, it was found that the densification rate slows down with increasing sintering temperature as the pores becomes smaller and get engulfed by the grains, while the grain growth process becomes more active and uses up the energy for densification. The 1Ce10ScSZ pellet sintered at the highest sintering temperature of 1500°C for 2 hours produced the highest relative density (93.4%), Vickers hardness (6.3 GPa) and fracture toughness (2.9 MPa√m).

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